M'zaka zaposachedwapa, akatswiri a maganizo a ana akhala akudandaula kwambiri kuchokera kwa makolo za ana awo, omwe, malinga ndi amayi ndi abambo, sangathe kukhala chete. Ana amakono amafanana kwambiri ndi chikhalidwe cha moyo, amachotsa maulosi onse omwe angaganizire komanso osaganiziridwa a makolo awo za chitukuko chawo. Komabe, ziyenera kuzindikila kuti pali zochitika ngati zochita zoterozo sizingokhala za mwana, koma matenda aakulu a dongosolo la manjenje: kuchepetsa kuchepa kwa matenda osokoneza bongo (ADHD).
Momwe mungathandizire mwana wathanzi?
Choyamba, muyenera kudziwa ngati mwana wanu akusowa thandizo la katswiri - mwinamwake ichi ndi chiwonetsero cha psyche.
Nazi zizindikiro zomwe makolo angathe kuzindikira ADHD:
- mwanayo satenga pamene akuchiritsidwa;
- Nthawi zambiri amabalalika, akhoza kuyamba ndi kusamaliza chiganizo;
- nthawi zambiri amataya zinthu;
- Zimasokonezedwa ndi zifukwa zilizonse zomwe zingatheke (kwa nthawi yaitali kwambiri).
- Mwana wodetsa nkhaŵa sakudziwa choti achite ndi ntchito zomwe zimafuna kusungunuka kwa nthawi yaitali ndi kupsinjika maganizo, iye watayika;
- monga lamulo, amasokoneza aliyense woyandikana nawo ntchito (pamene akugwira ntchito mu phunziro);
- ana omwe ali ndi ADHD ali oleza mtima /
Ngati mukuganiza kuti mwana wanu akudwala matendawa, ndibwino kuti mufunsane ndi katswiri, adzakuthandizani kusankha momwe mungayambitsire vutoli (komanso poyamba, bwino).
Momwe mungaphunzitsire mwana wathanzi?
Choyamba muyenera kukhala oleza mtima, mavuto anu ndipo simukudziwa bwino mpaka mutakumana ndi sukulu. Vuto lofunika kwambiri la ana omwe ali ndi ADHD ndikuti si onse aphunzitsi kusukulu ndi ku sukulu zapachiyambi amadziwa momwe angayankhulire ndi mwana wathanzi. Musanayambe kuphunzitsa kwambiri mwana wotero, yesetsani kusamala pamene ali womasuka kwambiri, pamene angathe kuikapo nthawi yaitali (kapena kuika maganizo ake payekha). Kenako pang'onopang'ono timayamba kumanga tsiku lachimake.
Pano pali malangizo othandiza kwa makolo omwe ali ndi mwana wathanzi.
Pofuna kuthana ndi mwana wodwalayo, muyenera kuyambitsa ulamuliro wa tsikulo momveka bwino. Mwana yemwe ali ndi ADHD nthawi zonse amatha kuyenda ndipo sangathe kukhala chete kwa kachiwiri, mwanayo sangathe kuchitapo kanthu pempho lokhala pansi ndi kukhala chete. Choncho, tsikulo liyenera kutsatira nthawi zonse:
- Ukadzuka ndi kugona nthawi yoikika; Musanayambe kugona mwana wodetsedwa, konzekerani chikho cha mkaka wofewa ndi uchi, kusonkhanitsa madzi osamba;
- Pazochitika zonse, bwerani ndi mwambo wanu (nthawi ya kugona, kutsuka manja musanadye chakudya, kapu ya tiyi musanayambe maphunzilo, etc.), ndiye kuti mwana wodetsa nkhaŵa sakuyenera kulimbikitsidwa, chifukwa ali mu nyimbo yake ndipo palibe zizindikiro zowopsa;
- Zochita zonse ziyenera kukhala zodziwika bwino, choncho psyche sichikulemetsa ndipo mwanayo samamva bwino. Nthawi
mwana wathanzi amadziwa zomwe adzachite pa ola lililonse la tsiku lake, dongosolo la mitsempha limayamba kugwira ntchito "popanda kulemetsa", kuti muthe kuyendayenda ndi kukuletsa kupsa mtima.
Kulera mwana wathanzi sikovuta monga momwe mungaganizire. Mmene mungagwirire ndi mwana wathanzi moyenera:
- yesetsani kuphunzitsa makalasi mu nthawi yovuta kwambiri, osasintha popanda chifukwa chofunikira;
- Musapereke chovala chachikulu, kuyamba ndi mphindi zingapo, ndiye pang'onopang'ono kuwonjezera nthawi;
- Ntchito isanayambe yokonzedweratu musanayambe kukonzekera, ngati mumagwira ntchito yachiwiri, mwanayo amasamala kwambiri.
- Musadzakhale ndi momwe mungagwirire ndi mwana wodwalayo ngati sakusamala. Mwinamwake, ndikofunikira kusintha njira yopezera - ganizirani zina zomwe mungatenge mwana wanu, kuti akonde zambiri.