Ponena za chinthu chotchedwa "Manticore", zambirimbiri zinasungidwa, chifukwa cha dokotala wina wakale wa Chigiriki Ctesia, amene adamuwona iye ku khoti la Aperisi. Wachigiriki anafotokoza chilombo ngati mkango ndi nkhope ya munthu yemwe adadyetsa anthu ndipo adalumphira pamtunda waukulu. Pali vesi, omwe amati chilengedwe ndi chimodzi mwa mafano a mulungu Vishnu .
Manticore - ndani uyu?
Manticore ndi cholengedwa cha thupi la mkango, nkhope ya munthu ndi mchira wa chinkhanira, chizindikiro chowala chomwe chinali mano mu mizere itatu ndi maso a buluu. Ankaganiza kuti chilombo chimenechi ndi kusaka anthu ndi kudya nyama, choncho nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi ziwalo za thupi la munthu mano. Mchirawo unadzazidwa ndi minga zazikulu, zomwe chilombochi chikanatha kupha, kotero panalibe mwayi wopulumutsidwa.
Manticore - nthano zachi Greek
Manticore - ndi ndani? Ngakhale, pofufuza ndi zizoloŵezi za chilombochi, ofufuza ambiri amati akuchokera ku Persia kapena India, kunja kumayang'ana mofanana ndi tigu yaikulu. Ngakhale dzina lotanthauzidwa kuchokera ku Farsi limatanthauza "cannibal", ndipo amphaka akuluakulu oterewa m'nkhalango analiponso. Koma wofukula za chilengedwe sali Achihindu, koma Ctesias wachi Greek, yemwe analongosola cholengedwa chokwanira m'mabuku ake. Malingana ndi malemba ake, Manticore ndi cholengedwa choipa chomwe chili ndi:
- thupi la mkango ndi nkhope ya munthu;
- mizere itatu ya mano;
- claw pamwamba pa mchira;
- masharubu amadzazidwa ndi poizoni.
Zomwezo zinalongosola Manticore mu zolembedwa zawo zakale za Hellene. Pambuyo pake, akatswiri achigiriki adapanga zolemba zawo. Wojambula zithunzi Pausanias anali wotsimikiza kuti anali tiger wamkulu, ndipo mtundu wofiira wa khungu unamupangitsa dzuwa litalowa pamaso pa Ahindu. Ndipo kale mzere wambiri wa mano ndi mchira umene umatulutsa mivi yowopsya ndizozing'anga zazing'anga zomwe zimawopa kugonjetsa chirombo chachikulu.
Manticore amawoneka bwanji?
Malingana ndi kufotokoza kwa Agiriki akale, omwe analandira kuchokera kwa Aperisi, Manticore inali symbiosis ya zinthu zosiyana:
- thupi la mkango, koma osati wachikasu, koma wofiira;
- mbola ya chinkhanira pamchira, kuwombera ndi singano;
- Kuwombera mofulumira kwa mphezi, kuthamanga mwamsanga;
- liwu likufanana ndi phokoso la chitoliro ndi chitoliro.
Kodi thupi la Manticore ndi ndani? Poyang'ana ndondomekoyi, ndiye mkango waukulu kapena khate lalikulu, ichi chinali chikhalidwe cha chilombochi. M'zaka zotsatira, chifaniziro chake chinali chowonjezeredwa ndi zina:
- Middle Ages. Manja akuluakulu sanaikidwe pakamwa, koma pammero, ndipo mawuwo anali ngati chitsime cha njoka, chomwe chilombochi chinanyengerera anthu.
- Zaka za m'ma 2000, mabuku ofotokoza za sayansi. Manticore anali ndi mapiko ndi kuwombera spikes chakupha, mawuwo ankawoneka ngati purr. Nthawi yomweyo anachiritsa mabala ake, khungu limatha kusonyeza malingaliro alionse.
Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa mantiki ndi chimera?
Akatswiri ena amafufuza manticore ndi chimera kuti zikhale kunja, koma pali kusiyana pakati pawo. Chimera ndi chilengedwe kuchokera ku nthano zachi Greek, amayi ake anali Echidna, ndipo bambo anali mwana wa Gaia ndi Tartarus Tsifey, malinga ndi buku lina limene anabadwira kuchokera kwa Orta ndi Hydra. Amakhulupirira kuti chimera ankakhala ku Lycia, ndipo anamuberekera kalonga Bellerophon. Cholengedwa ichi chichokera kwa mulungu wamkazi wa Chigriki wa mulungu wa milungu, ndipo Manticore ndi mlendo kuchokera ku nthano za anthu ena. Chimera ndi Manticore anali ndi mbali imodzi yowoneka yowoneka: thupi la mkango, mulimonselo chilombo cha Hellenic chinali chosiyana:
- kukwanitsa kulavulira moto;
- kumbuyo kwa thupi la mbuzi;
- mchira wa njoka;
- Mitu itatu: mbuzi, njoka ndi makoswe.
The Legend of the Manticore
Nthano ya Manticore, ya Ctesias ya Chigiriki siinabweretse, yongopeka ndi mphekesera zambiri za kukhalapo kwake. Mu nthano za Persia, palinso kutchulidwa kuti chilombo choopsya ichi, pokomana ndi munthu, amakonda kupanga zolemba, ndipo ngati woyenda amayankha chirichonse, ndiye amalola kuti apite. Ochita kafukufuku amakhulupirira kuti Manticore, chilombo chimene chimadya anthu, chinayambira m'nkhani za ku India, ndipo kenako anasamukira ku Persia, kumene a Greek Ctesias anamva za izo.
Komabe pali vesi, akuti nyamakazi yoteroyo inabadwa ndi nthano yokhudza mulungu Vishnu, yemwe ankadziwa momwe angasinthire zolengedwa zosiyanasiyana. Mchifanizo cha mmodzi wa iwo - mkango wokhala ndi nkhope ya munthu - adagonjetsa chiwanda choipa Hiranyakasipu. Kenaka anthu achihindu Vishnu anayamba kutchedwa Narasimha Mantikor. M'nthano, iye akufotokozedwa ndi thupi la mkango, mchira wa chinkhanira ndi mano a shark. Mu Middle Ages, Manticore anakhala chizindikiro cha nkhanza ndi zoipa.