Kodi kudyetsa adyo mutatha nyengo yozizira - njira zabwino komanso njira za feteleza

Ngati mukudziwa zomwe mungadyetse adyo mutatha nyengo yozizira, mukhoza kuona mbewu yaikulu m'munda. Anasankha bwino feteleza kudyetsa mphukira, amadyera, mababu. Kugawidwa kwapadera ndi kuwerengera kwa mapepala odyetserako chakudya kumapangitsa kusintha kwa kukula kwa mankhwala ndikuwonjezera kulemera kwa mutu osachepera kawiri.

Ndi kasupe uti kudyetsa adyo pambuyo yozizira?

Kawirikawiri, pofuna kulima adyo, amagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito njira zomwe zimabzala m'nyengo yozizira. Chikhalidwe chimenechi, ngakhale kuti chimaoneka ngati chodzichepetsa, chimafuna chidwi. Ndikofunika kudziwa momwe mungadyetsere kudyola adyo mutatha nyengo yozizira poyembekeza kuti mukuwunikira kukula. Zamagulu ndi zofunika kwa alimi amene safuna kudya zamagetsi, chifukwa amagwiritsa ntchito mullein , zitosi za nkhuku, phulusa. Mitengo ya feteleza ya adyo mu kasupe kuonjezera zokolola zikhale zodzaza ndi nayitrogeni kumayambiriro kwa kukula kwa zomera zobiriwira, potaziyamu ndi phosphorous popanga mutu.

Madeti a adyo akudyetsa masika

Kupaka kwadzuwa kwa adyo yozizira kumachitika kawiri. Chipale chofewa chitatha, chikhalidwe chimakhala ndi kusowa kwa zigawo zowonjezera mchere zofunika kwambiri pa zomera. Gawo lachitatu la kusakaniza kwa mbeu ndi zakudya zomanga thupi zimagwera kunja kwa chilimwe (kutha kwa July) - kumayambiriro kwa mapangidwe a mitu ndi kuthetsa maluwa. Pakuti chisanadze zokolola recharge superphosphate ndi abwino - 2 tbsp. makapu 10 malita a madzi, zomwe zimakhala zikuphimbidwa - 3-4 malita pa m ² .

Malamulo a chakudya choyamba ndi chachiwiri angasinthidwe pang'ono, ndipo chachitatu chiyenera kuwonetsedwa momveka bwino. Ngati izo zatha kale, ndiye kuti mcherewo udzapangidwira kupanga mivi ndi masamba, ndipo kuchedwa kukuwopsyeza kuchepetsa zokolola. Zokonzekera zina zowonjezereka zikuchitika ngati zizindikiro zoonekeratu za kusoŵa kwa zakudya zimapezeka pambewu.

Chovala choyamba cha adyo pambuyo pa chisanu

Choyamba chovala chozizira cha adzi yozizira pambuyo pa mphukira mu kasupe zimachitika patapita masabata awiri chisanu chikugwa. Zapangidwa kuti zikhazikitse zomera zobiriwira. Zitatha nyengo yozizira, zolembazo zomwe zili ndi nayitrogeni ndi feteleza yoyamba. Pambuyo kudyetsa, adyo ayenera kuthiridwa bwino, kupeŵa overmoistening wa nthaka. Choyamba chovala chokwera pamwamba, chomeracho chimachitanso kuwonjezeka kwa mizu ndi zobiriwira.

Kuwonjezera pa yozizira adyo, mizu pansi pa dzinja, pali nyengo adyo - wakhala kulima kuyambira chiyambi cha masika. Mapangidwe a mbewu zonsezi zimagwirizana. Kusiyana kokha ndiko kuti mphukira m'nyengo yozizira ndi yovuta kwambiri, choncho kudya koyamba kumachitidwa kale. Spring adyo imadzaza ndi nayitrogeni pambuyo kumera mu mbande ya masamba atatu kapena anayi.

Chachiwiri chovala pamwamba pa adyo yozizira

Kudyetsa kawiri ka adyo kumachitika 14-15 patatha masiku oyamba, ndikofunika kuti zonsezi zikhale zozizira. Kusankha momwe mungadyetse adyo mutangotha ​​nyengo yozizira, nkofunika kudziwa kuti zikuyenera kukhala ndi nayitrogeni, koma ndi nthawi yokondweretsa chomera ndi potaziyamu ndi phosphorous kuti ikule mutu. Iwo amawononga kwa nthawi yaitali, choncho ndikofunikira kuwabweretsera pansi pasadakhale. Kumwamba-kuvala kwa adyo yozizira mu May kumakhala ndi kuthirira. Mpaka pakati pa mwezi wa Julayi, kukonzekera kwa nayitrojeni kuyenera kuyimitsidwa - panthawi ino mapangidwe a gawo la pansi pa nthaka ayamba.

Kodi kudyetsa yozizira adyo m'chaka?

Pamwamba-kuvala kwa adyo yozizira kumayambiriro kwa kasupe akhoza kuchitika ndi zosiyana, zonse za organic ndi mineral. Pachiyambi choyamba, simungagwiritse ntchito makina ndi madzi opangira pamabedi, popanda kudandaula za nitrates. Komanso palinso mankhwala ambiri omwe amadzaza adyo ndi zigawo zomwe zimapezeka m'thupi. Kuposa inu mukhoza kudyetsa adyo pambuyo yozizira - organic:

1. Mullein - mungathe kupanga nyengo yonse yokula. Pofuna kukonza msuzi, manyowa amatsanulira mu mbiya, imatsanulira ndi madzi 1: 5 ndipo amasiya kuchoka kwa milungu iwiri. Njira yothetsera imadzipatulidwa ndi madzi 1:10, yogwiritsidwa ntchito ku mabedi (kawiri kawiri malita pa m ² ).
2. Chikuta - zidzakuthandizani kulimbana ndi chikasu cha masamba. Imafufuzidwa ndi madzi 1:15 ndikusiya kuyenda kwa milungu iwiri. Pambuyo pa chidebe cha madzi amatsukidwa mu chidebe ndi madzi ndipo zomera zimadyetsedwa mu kasupe.

Manyowa a feteleza a adyo masika

Kawirikawiri alimi amagwiritsa ntchito zowonjezera minda m'minda yambiri. Pa malo ochepa, kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo kuli koyenera, ngati palibe njira yopezera organic. Standard kudya:

1. Chomera feteleza choyamba cha adyo chiyenera kukhala ndi nayitrogeni kumanga zobiriwira. Pochita izi, mukhoza kuchepetsa mankhwala osavuta: yankho la urea (carbamide) - 1 tbsp. supuni ya kukonzekera 10 malita a madzi kapena ammonium nitrate - 15 g pa 10 malita a madzi. 3 malita a nitrogen-gravy ndi okwanira kuthirira madzi okwanira 1 m ² .
2. Monga gawo la chakudya chachiŵiri, wina akhoza kutenga yankho la nitroammophoska - kuchepetsa 2 tbsp. makapu 10 malita a madzi, kudya msipu - malita 4 pa 1 m ² . Zidzakhala zotsalira phosphorous kumanga mutu.

Kodi kudyetsa adyo bwanji nyengo yozizira ndi mankhwala owerengeka?

Posafuna kudya zamadzimadzi, apamwamba kuvala adyo ndi mankhwala ochiritsira amachitika:

1. Phulusa la nkhuni lidzadzaza mbeu ndi zakudya ndi kuwononga nthaka. Ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'dzinja ndi mwezi wa May-June mu gawo lachiwiri la feteleza. Mapulusa amagona pakati pa mabedi kapena zomera amathiridwa madzi amadzimadzi (200 g wa phulusa pa 10 malita a madzi).
2. Mchere kukula kwa adyo kumathamanga, kumenyana ndi chikasu ndi masamba owuma. Zamchere zimachotsa dziko lapansi, zimateteza ku nematodes, mphutsi zonga ululu. Pakuti kukonzekera gravy kutenga 3 tbsp. supuni yamchere m'chitsukidwe cha madzi, zomera zimathamanga pamtunda wa malita atatu pa 1 m ² .
3. Mowa wa Ammonia ndi woyenera kubwezeretsa mafelemu. 25 ml wa mankhwalawa amadzipukutira mu 10 malita a madzi ndipo zomera zimapulitsidwa. Amamoni amawononga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndipo amadzaza adyo ndi nayitrogeni. Ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito nyengo yonse yokula.

Kodi mungadyetse bwanji adyozi m'nyengo yachisanu, ngati itembenuka chikasu?

Mlimi amalima adyo, nthawi zina funso limabwera: chifukwa chiyani chikhalidwe cha masamba achikasu komanso momwe mungagonjetsere vutoli. Kawirikawiri izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kuphwanya teknoloji yolima. N'kutheka chifukwa cha chikasu cha masamba a adzi yozizira:

1. Chomeracho chinagwedezeka. Ndiye ayenera kuchitidwa mwamsanga ndi biostimulator kukula monga Epin, Zircon, HB-101.
2. Chomeracho chinadwala ndi matenda a fungal kapena oopsa. Iyenera kuthiridwa, masambawa ayenera kutetezedwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi mankhwala Phytosporin, Maxim. Ndi bwino kuthira nthaka pamodzi ndi iwo musanadzalemo.
3. Garlic alibe zakudya zokwanira - nayitrogeni kapena potaziyamu. Ndiye ayenera kuwonjezeredwa komanso kuwazidwa ndi urea, ufa ndi nkhuni phulusa. Masamba akhoza kuthiriridwa ndi potaziyamu sulphate - supuni 1 pa madzi okwanira 1 litre.
4. Mitundu yambiri imayambitsa chikasu. Nyongolotsi zazikulu ndi nematodes zimachotsedwa ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi yankho la mchere (200 g pa 10 malita a madzi).
5. Kuyanika masamba kungabweretse kuchepa kwa chinyezi. Garlic ayenera kuthiriridwa nthawi, osalola kuyanika kwa nthaka.