Gran Vía (Madrid)

• Adilesi: Gran Vía, 28013 Madrid, Spain

Mwachidziwikire, mumzinda uliwonse muli misewu yofunika, misewu yapamwamba, njira zosawerengeka monga Garden Ring ku Moscow, Wall Street ku New York, Silver Street ku Tokyo, ku Madrid, "msewu waukulu" wotchedwa Via Gran Via, . N'zochititsa chidwi kuti ngakhale zaka 150 zapitazo zinali zosokoneza, ndipo lero - kunyada kwa mzinda wakale. Iyi si msewu wapakati, osati njira yayikulu, iyi ndiyo njira yomwe ili pakatikati mwa mzinda, ndikugwirizanitsa bwino malo a Royal Palace ndi Prado Boulevard. Pakati pa msewu, kumbali imodzi kapena kumbali ina, nyumba zatsopano komanso zomangamanga zinakula m'njira zosiyanasiyana nthawi zosiyanasiyana.

Mbiri Yakale

Malingaliro a zomangamanga a Gran Via Madrid ananyamuka mu 1862, mzindawo panthawi imeneyo unayamba kusagwirizana, ndipo patali ndi nyumba zachifumu ndi zinyumba anthu amasonkhana m'misasa komanso mabedi. Pakatikati pa zaka za m'ma 1900, zinkawoneka zosatheka kukonzanso kwakukulu kwa malo angapo okhalamo, motero kusandutsa malo osawuka kukhala abwino. Koma patadutsa zaka makumi anai, mayina a mzindawo ndi mchimwene wa ku France, Martin Albert Silver, adasintha mgwirizanowu pa chiyambi cha kumangidwanso. Ntchito yomanga inayamba pa April 5, 1910.

Chifukwa cha ntchitoyo, nyumba zoposa 300 ndi misewu 14 zinagwetsedwa, kotero kuti Gran Via Street, mamita 35 m'litali ndi mamita 1315 kutalika, adawonekera. Mphepete mwa msewu waukulu wa Priesa adatsitsidwa pang'ono ndi mamita 4, pakuti nyumba zambirizi zinalimbikitsidwa ndi makoma, kumanga nyumba zatsopano ndi pansi pa maziko. Mitengo ina siidadulidwire, koma imafalikira pafupi ndi nyumba zawo. Gran Via imagawidwa magawo atatu: kalembedwe ka nyumba zopanda kubadwanso, kenako mawonekedwe a French ndi zamakono, ndipo lachitatu ndi American rationalism. Panali nthawi pamene gawo lirilonse la msewu linali ndi dzina lake, ndipo mphekesera yachinyengo ya msewu inabwerera posachedwapa.

Ntchito yomangamanga inamalizidwa kokha mu 1952; Misewu yatsopano imayambira kuchokera kumsewu ndi Alkala Street ndipo imakhala ku Plaza ya Spain .

Malo otchuka ku Gran Via Madrid

Kawirikawiri, msewu ukhoza kuonedwa kuti ndi yopanga mapuloteni, chifukwa amamangidwa zaka makumi angapo, ndipo zonsezi zimabweretsa njira yake ndikuwonetsera maonekedwe ndi zomangamanga za nyumba, zomwe zimatchuka kwambiri ndi izi:

1. Nyumba yoyamba pamsewu ndi Alkala Street ndi nyumba ya Metropolis . Linamangidwa mu 1911 kwa kampani ya inshuwaransi kuti ikhale ntchito yapadera kuchokera kwa abale Fevree. Nyumba yomanga nyumba zokongoletsera ndi yokongoletsedwa ndi dome, ndipo iyenso ndi chifaniziro cha kupambana kwa Nicky. Mpaka 1972, mmalo mwake kunali mbalame Phoenix.
2. Pambali pake pali nyumba No. 1 Gran Vía - nyumba ya Grassy , yomangidwa mu 1917 kwa kampani yayikulu yodzikongoletsera. Nyumbayi imakongoletsedwa ndi nsalu yoyera. Pakali pano, chipinda choyamba chimakhala ndi nyumba yosungiramo masewera.
3. Nambala 13 yosayembekezereka ndi ya nyumba ya alonda, mwinamwake - ku chikhalidwe cha asilikali ndi asilikali. Poyambirira panali Militar ya Casino , yomwe ili ngati gulu la apolisi. Nyumbayi inatsegulidwa mu 1916 ndipo imatchuka chifukwa cha malo ake olemera.
4. Pambuyo pa msewu mumakumana ndi nyumba zakale kwambiri za mumsewu - mpingo wa Katolika wa Oratorio del Caballero de Gracia (Oratorio del Caballero de Gracia). Mu 1795, tchalitchi chinamangidwanso kwa ndalama kuchokera ku Royal Lottery yoyamba.
5. Ayi. 21 ndi wa Senator Hotel Senator . Hotelo imapatsidwa udindo wa nyenyezi zinayi, m'bwalo laling'ono la hoteloyo anamanga luso limene lidzakukwezani padenga ndi dziwe ndi chiwonetsero cha chiwonetsero.
6. Mosiyana ndi hoteloyi ndi nyumba yoyamba yapamwamba ku Ulaya yotchedwa Telefonica , yomwe inayamba mu 1930, nambala 28, kumayambiriro kwa gawo lachiwiri la Gran Via. Kutalika kwake ndi mamita 81, zomwe zinamupatsa iye zaka zingapo udindo wa nyumba yayitali kwambiri ku Ulaya. Nthawi yotsegula nsanjayi inangowonekera mu 1967, ndipo zaka zingapo zapitazo adakongoletsedwa ndi kuunikira. Pogwiritsa ntchito matelefoni, amisiri a ku America adamasulidwa mwapadera.
7. Pang'ono pang'ono pambali pa msewu Gran Via, nyumba 35, anamanga nyumba yotchedwa nyumba ya nyimbo - Palacio de la Música . Pambuyo pake panali holo yamafilimu ndi malo owonetsera, koma mu 2007 idatsekedwa kuti amangidwenso, ndipo kenako nkukonzekera kubwereka malo onsewa.
8. Nyumba ina yokondweretsa mumsewu Gran Via - okwera Los Sótanos ; Ali ndi zipinda zingapo kamodzi: No. 53, 55, 57 ndi 59. Anamangidwa pakati pa zaka za m'ma 1940, gawo limodzi linatengedwa pansi pa hotela ya "Emperor", ina - Teatro Lope de Vega, yomwe tsopano ikudziwika ku Ulaya konse .
9. Pambuyo pa msewu tsopano ndi malo oyenda pansi a Callao (Plaza del Callao). M'nyumba zapafupi pali malo ambiri ogulitsira, iyi ndi malo okonda alendo ogula alendo. Komanso, mungathe kukumana ndi ogulitsa Chirasha, omwe ndi abwino kwambiri.
10. Pa malo a Callao muli nyumba zitatu zochititsa chidwi: Cine Callao (makina akuluakulu a cinema), Capitol ndi Palacio de la Prensa (Nyumba ya Ma Press). Capitol ndi malo ogulitsira, hotelo ndi ma cinema, nyumbayi inamangidwa kalembedwe ka German Art Deco, mbali yake yopapatiza yokongoletsedwa ndi yokongola korona turret. Chipinda chosindikizira chinapatsidwa nambala 46 ya nyumbayo, idamangidwa ndi kutsegulidwa mwalamulo mu 1930 ndi lamulo la Madrid Press Association. Ofesi ya ofesi yokhala ndi mipando yokongola inali ndi ofalitsa nthawi zosiyanasiyana, chipinda choyamba chinali chosungira filimu.
11. Malo otsiriza a boulevard ndi Plaza ya Spain , ili ndi nyumba ziwiri zomangamanga: nyumba yapamwamba ya Madrid (mamita 142 okwezeka kwambiri) ndi tower TV ku Spain (Torrespaña). Pa malo omwe ali pafupi ndi dziwe ndi chodabwitsa chazitsulo zamkuwa kwa anthu otchuka a Cervantes .

Ndipo iyi ndi mbali yokha ya nyumba zakale. Pa Gran Via pali mahoteli ambiri otchuka, masitolo, mipiringidzo ndi malo odyera. Nthawi zonse pali alendo odzayenda ndi anthu okhala m'matauni. Chikondwerero cha zaka zana za mumsewu mu 2010 chinali chikondwerero chachikulu, kuphatikizapo pa Gran Via yake inakhazikitsa chitsanzo chake cha bronze.

Kodi mungapeze bwanji?

Mutha kufika pamsewu wotchuka ndi sitima zamagalimoto :

• pa metro ndi mizere L1, L2, L3, L5 ndi L10 malingana ndi momwe mumayendera kupita ku malo: Santo Domingo, Callao, Gran Via;
• ndi basi nambala 1, 2, 3, 44, 46, 74, 133, 146, 148 ndi 202.