The Escorial

• Adilesi: Av Juan de Borbón y Battemberg, s / n, 28200 San Lorenzo de El Escorial, Madrid, Spain
• Maola ogwira ntchito: 10: 00-20: 00
• Telefoni: +34 918 90 50 11

Kuyenda kudutsa ku Madrid , kumbukirani kuti si malo onse a chikhalidwe ndi mbiri ya ku Spain omwe ali mumzinda wawo waukulu, ena akhoza kupezeka patali patali. Mwachitsanzo, monga mwa nyumba yachifumu ya panyumba ya San Lorenzo de El Escorial.

Nyumba ya amonke ya Escorial (Monasterio de El Escorial), ndipo mfumu ya ku Spain inayamba kumanga nyumbayi pamapeto pake, pomaliza ntchito yomanga nyumbayo inalandira udindo wa nyumba yachifumu komanso nyumba yake ya Philip II. Komanso pakufunika kumanga nyumba, zimapangitsa kuti alendo asamveke bwino.

Mbiri yamakedzana

Monga ufumu uliwonse waukulu, dziko la Spain linali nkhondo. Ndipo zinachitika kuti kutchulidwa koyamba kwa Escorial ku Spain kunaperekedwa kwa August 10, 1557, pamene gulu la nkhondo la Philip II linagonjetsa a French ku nkhondo ya St. Cantin. Malinga ndi nthano, pankhondo, nkhondo ya St. Lawrence inawonongedwa mosazindikira. Chipembedzo cha Philip II chinapanga lumbiro lomanga nyumba ya amonke, kuti azindikire pangano la atate wake Charles V - kuti apange phwando la mafumu a mafumu.

Patatha zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi, mu 1563, mwala woyamba unayikidwa. Ntchitoyi inkachitidwa ndi akatswiri awiri ojambula mapulani: woyamba Juan Bautista wa Toledo - wophunzira wa Michelangelo, ndipo atamwalira, mlanduwu unatsirizidwa ndi Juan de Herrera. Amakhalanso ndi malingaliro ndi ntchito pomaliza nyumba ya amfumu. Monga nyumba zambiri zachikristu, Escorial inamangidwa mwa mawonekedwe a rectangle pakati pa mpingo. Kum'mwera kwa nyumbayi - malo a nyumba ya amonke, kumpoto - nyumba yachifumu. Komanso, mbali iliyonse ya nyumbayo inali ndi bwalo lamkati.

Philip II anafuna kuti nyumba yatsopanoyo ikhale ndi nthawi yatsopano ya boma, yomwe inakhudza chisankho ndi mapeto a Escorial. Zida zabwino za nthawi imeneyo zinagwiritsidwa ntchito kuntchito, ambuye olemekezeka kwambiri adasonkhanitsidwa kuchokera ku ufumu wonsewo. Filipo Wachiwiri ankasamalira zolengedwa zake zonse, ndikusonkhanitsa zolemera za zojambula, mabuku, mipukutu, mipukutu m'makoma ake.

Zaka 21 zokha zinamangidwa ndi Escorial, yomwe idakhala imodzi mwa zokongola kwambiri ku Spain.

Pazofunika kwambiri: nyumba yachifumu ndi ya Mulungu, mthunzi ndi wa mfumu

Escorial - nyumba yachifumu ndi nyumba ya amonke - ndi imodzi mwa zofunikira kwambiri pazokongola ndi chikhalidwe cha zinthu ku Spain. Zomwe zimakhala zovuta zonsezi ndi 208 ndi mamita 162 ndipo zimaphatikizapo zipinda 4000, maselo 300, mabwalo 16, nyumba 15, mapemphero 13, 9 nsanja ndi matupi. Kumpoto ndi kumadzulo kwa nyumba ya amonkeyo anaika malo akuluakulu, ndipo kuchokera kum'mwera ndi kummawa anathyola minda, pamsewu, mwa chikhalidwe cha French.

Nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale ya El Escorial kwenikweni ili ndi nyumba zosungiramo zinthu zakale ziwiri. Amayamba ndi malo osungiramo zinthu, komwe mudzawona mbiri yonse yomanga: zojambula, zida, zida za nthawi imeneyo, zitsanzo za nyumba. Gawo lachiŵiri - zigawo za sukulu zonse ndi zaka mazana angapo, zomwe sizikwanira m'maholo asanu ndi anayi!

Kachisi ya El Escorial ndi malo opatulika kwa Akatolika ndikumaliza kodabwitsa. Tchalitchichi chimaimira mawonekedwe a mtanda wachi Greek ndipo ali ndi maguwa 45. Dome pamwamba pa guwa lirilonse liri lojambula ndi zofiira. Makoma akukongoletsedwa ndi zojambula zojambula kuchokera ku moyo wa Virgin Mary, Khristu ndi oyera mtima.

Laibulale ya El Escorial imaonedwa kuti ndi yaikulu kwambiri padziko lonse pambuyo pa laibulale ya Vatican. Chosangalatsachi, pazakale zakale za bukuli ndi mizu mkati. Ilinso ndi malemba achigiriki akale, cholembedwa cha mipukutu ya Chiarabu, amagwiritsa ntchito mbiri komanso zojambulajambula.

Mu mausoleum a dziko lachifumu muli phulusa la mafumu onse ndi akazi a Spain, makolo a oloŵa nyumba. Ndipo akalonga ndi akalonga, achigololo, ambuye, omwe ana awo sanakhale olamulira, amaikidwa pambali. Manda awiri omalizira adakali opanda kanthu, okonzeka kale kuti amwalira m'banja la mafumu, omwe matupi awo akadakonzedwa m'chipinda chapadera. Kwa mfumu yamakono, banja lake ndi mbadwa, funso la kumanda limakhala lotseguka.

Mu nyumba yachifumu ya Filipi Wachiŵiri mudzawonetsedwa katundu wake ndi chipinda chake, momwe adafera mu 1598. Mukuyembekezera Nyumba ya Battles, Hall of Portraits ndi zipinda zina. Ku mbali iyi ya ulendowu ndikutamandidwa kwa zojambula.

Patapita nthawi, pafupi ndi Escorial, malo osungirako malo a San Lorenzo de El Escorial, omwe anali ndi anthu pafupifupi 20,000, anawuka. Pano inu mudzapeza makasitomala, masitolo okhumudwitsa ndi mahotela.

Nthawi yoti mupite kukacheza ndi momwe mungapitire ku Escorial?

Mtunda wa Madrid kupita ku Escorial uli pafupi makilomita 50. Monga momwe makonzedwe amamalidwe ndi njira yotchuka kwambiri yoyendera alendo, ndiye momwe mungachokere ku Madrid kupita ku El Escorial, mudzatulutsidwa ngakhale ku hotelo yanu. Pali njira zingapo:

• pa sitima yochokera ku central central of capital - Madrid Atocha Cercanias kupita ku El Escorial siteshoni. Tikiti yamtundu wapamtendere imakudyerani pafupifupi € 8. Ganizirani, pokhudzana ndi chigawenga chakuukira pakhomo la sitima yapamwamba, chitani nthawi yokwanira theka la ora. Pakafika, El Escorial mwiniwakeyo amayenera kuyenda kwa mphindi pafupifupi 15 kudutsa pakiyo kapena kutenga basi ya komweko;
• pa mabasi 661 ndi 664 ochokera ku malo a Moncloa ku Madrid (pamalo otsekemera a mzere wa chikasu No. 3). Amapita masabata masabata 15, pamapeto a sabata - theka la ola limodzi. Mtengo uli pafupi € 3.2. Sitima ya basi ku Escorial kuchokera ku nyumba ya amonke ndi mamita mazana awiri kutali;
• ndi galimoto pa woyenda 40 ° 35'20 "N 4 ° 8'52" W.

The Escorial Museum nthawizonse imatsegulidwa kwa maulendo:

• kuyambira October mpaka March kuyambira 10: 00-18: 00;
• kuyambira April mpaka September kuyambira 10: 00-20: 00.

Tsiku lotsatira ndi Lolemba. Tikiti yapamwamba imatenga € 8-10, mwana amawononga € 5, ana osakwana zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi amakhala opanda msonkho. Mukhoza kulipira ndi khadi la ngongole. Pakuti asayansi ndi ophunzira kumeneko ali matikiti a maola angapo kapena masiku. Nyumba ya amonke siigwira ntchito pa Khirisimasi, Chaka chatsopano ndi November 20.

Pakhomo loyendera mosamala zinthu za munthu, chipinda chosungirako chimagwira ntchito. Chithunzi chimaloledwa, koma popanda kuwala. Ndibwino kuti tipewe kuwala, nyumba ya amonke ndi yozizira, ndi kunja - mphepo.

Zoona zochititsa chidwi:

• zojambula zojambula za El Escorial zili ndi zoposa 1600;
• Papa Gregory Wachitatu adawopseza kuti adzatulutsa anthu onse omwe anaba buku kuchokera ku Escorial;
• Msonkhanowu umaphatikizidwira ku UNESCO World Heritage.