Thanzi la chithokomiro ndi chiwalo chochepa chomwe chili pa khosi, chomwe chimatanthawuza matenda a mkati. Pakati pa mavuto osiyanasiyana okhudzana ndi matenda a endocrine, matenda, makamaka zotupa, za ziwalozi zimapezeka nthawi zambiri. Chotupa cha chithokomiro cha chithokomiro chingakhale choipa kwambiri (adenoma) ndi choipa.
Zotsatira za chithokomiro adenoma
Chithokomiro cha adenoma ndi chotupa champhamvu chomwe chimachokera ku chithokomiro cha chithokomiro ndipo ndi chisindikizo (mfundo) yomwe imayikidwa m'magulu ang'onoting'ono. Adenoma ikhoza kukhala yamodzi kapena yambiri (goiter multinodular). Matendawa amawonekera kwa anthu oposa zaka 40, ndipo akazi amakhala oposa maulendo angapo kuposa amuna.
Chinthu chokhacho chimene chimayambitsa matendawa sichinavumbulidwe, koma pazifukwa zomwe zingayipitse, zimaphatikizapo zinthu zosagwirizana ndi zachilengedwe, kusowa kwa ayodini m'thupi, kutayika kwa mahomoni ndi ubongo.
Mitundu ya adenoma ya chithokomiro
Matenda a chithokomiro amagawidwa mu:
- chithunzi;
- papillary;
- selo yoyenera;
- kugwira ntchito (matenda a Plamer);
- kuchokera ku maselo a Gurtle;
- Mitundu ina yowonongeka.
Tiyeni tione mtundu uliwonse wa mitundu iyi:
- Follicular adenoma ya chithokomiro. Zili ndi mazenera oyendayenda kapena ovalu omwe ali mu colloidal capsule. Chosiyana ndi microfollicular adenoma, yomwe ilibe colloid. M'maonekedwe ake, follicular adenoma ndi yofanana ndi chotupa chachikulu, choncho, zikadziwika, nthawi zambiri zimafunika kutulutsa chithokomiro kuti chidziwitse bwino. Pafupifupi 15 peresenti ya milandu pakakhala palibe mankhwala follicular adenoma ikhoza kukhala chotupa choopsa.
- Papillary adenoma ya chithokomiro. Ali ndi chithunzi chodziwika bwino. M'kati mwa mapepala, kukula kwa papilliform kuzungulira ndi madzi ofiira amawonedwa.
- Oxifil adenoma (ochokera ku Gurtle maselo). Amakhala ndi maselo akuluakulu okhala ndi phokoso lalikulu, alibe colloid. Ndondomeko yowopsya komanso yofulumira kwambiri, yomwe pafupifupi 30% ya milandu imakhala yoipa.
- Zoopsa (ntchito) adenoma ya chithokomiro. Matenda, omwe khungu la chithokomiro limasindikizira mwadzidzidzi amatulutsa mahomoni ochuluka. Chotsatira chake, pamakhala magazi ochulukirapo ndipo, motero, amaletsa kupanga mahomoni ena omwe amachititsa kuti chithokomiro chikhale choyenera. Adenoma ya poizoni ikhoza kuchitika palimodzi palokha ndikupangika pa nthenda yoyamba yopanda poizoni pa chithokomiro cha chithokomiro.
Zizindikiro za chithokomiro cha adoroma
Ngati chotupa chaching'ono, ndiye kuti sichitha kudziwonetsera nokha ndikuwonetsa mwangozi panthawi yoyezetsa mankhwala. Adenomas a kukula kwakukulu amaonekera poyera: amathyola khosi, amatha kuyambitsa matenda, kupatsirana kwa magazi, ululu.
Komanso, ngati pali chithokomiro cha adenoma (makamaka poizoni), pakhoza kukhala:
- kutuluka thukuta, ngakhale mu bata;
- kuchepetsa kulemera, pokhapokha kusintha kwa zakudya ndi machitidwe olimbitsa thupi;
- kusamvana kosavuta;
- mtima;
- kukwiya;
- kufooka kwowonjezereka.
Kuchiza kwa chithokomiro adenoma
Kuchiza kwa adenoma kumachitika ndi njira ziwiri: mankhwala ndi opaleshoni.
Pa nthawi yoyamba, ndi nthenda zochepa zokha, kapena ngati matendawa amayamba chifukwa chophwanya mahomoni, mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Chifukwa cha kuchulukitsa kwa nodes, kuopseza kwa chotupa choopsa ndipo nthawi zina pamene mankhwala a mahomoni sapereka zotsatira, opaleshoni imachitidwa kuti achotse nthendayi, ndi kuwonongeka kochuluka - mankhwala onse a chithokomiro. Pachifukwachi, wodwalayo ayenera kutenga mavitamini onse a moyo wake, koma matendawa amakhala abwino.
Chithandizo cha chithokomiro cha toxic adenoma kawirikawiri chimapanga opaleshoni, chomwe mbali yokhudza chiwalocho imachotsedwa.
Popeza adenoma ya chithokomiro ndizo zotupa zowonongeka, ngati njirazo zimatengedwa panthawi yake, maulosiwo ndi abwino, ngakhale kuti angafunike kusintha pa njira ya moyo. Mwachitsanzo, ndi kuchotsedwa kwathunthu kwa chithokomiro, wodwalayo adzafunika kuti azitenga mankhwala a mahomoni nthawi zonse.