Balsamin - kukula kwa mbewu, pobzala pa mbande, malamulo oyang'anira chisamaliro

Momwe mungasamalire basamu, kukula kwa mbewu, mutabzala zomera pansi - nkhanizi zimadetsa nkhawa okonda minda yobiriwira pakubwera kwa masika. Mavuto angabwere pamene akugula chodzala chifukwa cha lalikulu yosangalatsa mitundu ndi hybrids ya maluwa okongola a zipinda kapena malo otseguka.

Balsamu - kukula kuchokera ku mbewu

Kukonzekera kuti mukhale ndi basamu kumbewu kunyumba, muyenera kusankha bwino mitundu kapena hybrids za chikhalidwe, malinga ndi mikhalidwe. M'munda kapena mumaluwa, mungathe kulima mitundu yonse ya zomera, koma mu nyumba kuti muyang'anire mphika wokwanira mamita 1-2 idzakhala yovuta. Kwa malo ochepetsedwa aang'ono basamu balsamu si abwino, ndi bwino kukula mawonekedwe owongolera mu chipinda mpaka 25-30 masentimita mu msinkhu.

Mitundu yotchuka ya basamu:

1. Balsamu ya maluwa ndi nthambi zambiri chaka ndi chaka ndi masamba a lanceolate mawonekedwe 25 cm kufika 1 mamita kutalika. Mitundu yotchuka Tom Tumb, Baby Bush, Camellia Anasefukira.
2. Balsamin Waller - zomera zamtengo wapatali kapena za sredneroslie zowonongeka zimayambira ndi maluwa ophweka kapena awiri omwe ali kutalika kwa 20-35 masentimita, omwe akhoza kubzalidwa bwino mu chipinda. Mitundu yotchuka - Tempo F1 Yophatikiza, Symphony, Bruno FT, Fiesta FT, Stardust.
3. Mafuta a basamu a New Guinea ndi a hybrid chaka chimodzi mpaka 50 cm. Mitundu yambiri ndi Java, Divaro, Firefly, Macarena, Mini Jini, Tempo F1 Hybrid, Fiesta FT.
4. Chomera chamchere cha balsamin - chomera chomera mpaka mamita awiri ndi masamba masentimita 12, ndipo maluwa ake mpaka mamita 3.5 masentimita amakhala ndi fungo losasunthika ndipo amasonkhanitsidwa mu maburashi. Balsamu yamtundu uwu ndi yabwino kwambiri kubzala kunja, zimalimbikitsidwa kuti zikhale zowonjezera kapena zowonjezera gulu.

Kodi kudzala basamu kwa mbande?

Pofuna kulima mbande zabwino za chikhalidwe ichi kuchokera ku mbeu zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndikupita kumalo otseguka, zimatenga miyezi 3.5-4. Kuchokera pa izi, n'zosavuta kuwerengetsera kuti nthawi yabwino yofesa balsamu kwa mbande m'madera ambiri amabwera pakati pa February kapena masiku oyambirira a March. Mbewu imabzalidwa mu peti makapu kapena mu chidebe chofala.

Kodi mungabzala bwanji mbewu za balsamin?

Ngati mukufuna kupeza mbande zanu zathanzi, muyenera kuyamba kafukufuku wa alangizi odziwa bwino ntchito, momwe mungasamalirire kunyumba ya basamu, mukukula kuchokera ku mbewu, mutabzala maluwa okongola mu nthaka yosatetezedwa. Sikofunika kugula nthaka yokonzedwa m'masitolo, gawo lopatsa thanzi ndi losavuta kukonzekera. Ndikofunika kusakaniza gawo limodzi la vermiculite, gawo limodzi la mchenga, 1 mbali ya tsamba la nthaka ndi magawo awiri a peat otsika.

Kubzala mbewu za balsamin pa mbande:

1. Pangani mphindi 10 za mbeu ya basamu mu njira yothetsera potassium permanganate.
2. Kenaka lembani zinthuzo tsiku limodzi m'madzi ofunda.
3. Ndi zofunika kusankha chodela chofesa ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 8.
4. Pansi pa bokosi, pangani mapenje a kukhetsa madzi.
5. Pansi pansi phalala kuchokera ku dongo lofikira mpaka 2 cm pamwamba.
6. Thirani nthaka mu chidebe.
7. Pofuna kutayika, nthaka ikhoza kuyaka mu ng'anjo maola 24 musanayambe kufesa kapena kuchitidwa ndi "Phytosporin".
8. Mbeu zowonongeka ziyenera kubzalidwa pansi popanda kulowa mkati, kuzikakamiza mokweza pamwamba ndi nsonga ya mano.
9. Gululo limayendetsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito mfuti yamphongo ndipo imadzazidwa ndi paketi mpaka kutuluka, kusiya chilolezo kuti mpweya uzilowa.

Balsamu - kukula kuchokera ku nyemba m'mapiritsi a peat

Pogwira ntchito ndi zochepa zokolola zakuthupi ndizosavuta kukula balsamin mu mapiritsi a peat . Zikumera pa nkhaniyi ndizolimba, dothi limapangidwa pang'ono, ndipo chidebecho n'chosavuta kuyika pawindo. Mapiritsiwa ndi odzaza ndi madzi musanatuluke. Kenaka, kuchokera pamwamba, popanda kukonkha dziko lapansi, bzalani mbewu imodzi, ndikuyikakamiza pansi. Ndikofunika kuphimba chidebe ndi filimu ndikuyiyika pamalo otentha komanso owala, koma osati dzuwa.

Kodi basamu amadza masiku angati?

Muzikhala bwino, mphukira za basamu zimawoneka mu sabata. Kawirikawiri, zimamera bwino, koma musataye mtima. Kuyala zinthu m'masitolo kumakwaniritsidwa pazosiyana ndi maulendo. Tiyenera kuyembekezera mpaka masabata awiri, panthawiyi, kusintha konse kwa moyo kudzakula. Ndilofunikira pambuyo pa kutuluka kwa mphukira, chivindikiro kapena thumba chimachotsedwa ndipo chidebecho chimatengedwa kupita pamalo owala, kulima kumachitidwa kutentha mkati mwa 17-20 ° C.

Nchifukwa chiyani mafuta a basamu sakubwera?

Kawirikawiri amalima amaluwa omwe amawomba maluwa amaphedwa ndi anyamata omwe amamera kapena osauka omwe amakhala ndi mbewu zabwino. Izi zimachitika mwazidziwitso zomwe sizikugwirizana ndi ulamuliro wa kutentha, molakwika madzi a basamu, kubzala mbewu, pobzalidwa, sizikugwirizana ndi nthawi. Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri kukula kwa zakuthupi, ena amadalira wodwalayo, komanso ena - pazifukwa za nyengo.

Chifukwa chiyani mbewu ya basamu siimere:

1. Dothi loipa likutentha - momwe akadakwanitsira kutentha kwa chitukuko cha basamu ndi 18 ° C.
2. Ngati bokosi lomwe liri ndi mbewu lidayikidwa pansi pa dzuwa lotentha ndipo dothi limawombera pamwamba pa 25 ° C, mphukira zidzafa m'mazira.
3. Mbewu nthawi yobzala siidakwaniridwe.
4. Dothi lalikulu kwambiri la nthaka - dothi lopatsidwa mbewu mutakula kuchokera ku mbewu, sankhani lotayirira komanso yofewa.
5. Kugwiritsira ntchito mbeu zowonjezereka - chifukwa cha basamu pa moyo wa alumali ndi zaka 7.
6. Mukakulira mu sing'anga yamakono, kumera kumachepa, nthaka ya mbande imakonzedwa ndi kusalowerera ndale (pafupifupi 6.2-6.5 pH).

Mabala a basamu anatambasulidwa, ndiyenera kuchita chiyani?

Kawirikawiri pamakhala mphukira yosasangalatsa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kusamala, zisamaliro, zimatsogolera ku malo okhala pa nthaka. Chifukwa chake chimakhala m'mayambiriro oyambirira a mbeu, kuchepa kochepa kumayambiriro kwa nyengo, kutentha kwakukulu mu chipinda. Ngati mphukira ya basamu imatambasulidwa, ndiye kuti mbande ikhoza kupulumutsidwa mwa kuthira mchenga ku msinkhu wa masamba a cotyledonous. Mukakulira m'zitsulo zakuya kapena mabokosi, ndizovuta kuti muchite izi, mwinamwake mudzafunika kuwonjezera mbali kumbali yomwe mukufuna kuigwiritsa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zamadzi.

Kuwaza basamu ku mbewu

Kusankha nthawi ya basamu sikungoyambe kumene kuposa kambewu kakang'ono kamene kamakhala ndi masamba awiri enieni. Pambuyo pa opaleshoniyi, sungani nthaka ndi mbande kuti muchepetse chiopsezo cha rootlets ndi phesi lochepa. Sakanizani zida kapena chida chokhachokha ndipo muchotse mubokosi wamba. Limbikitsani mphukira ku masamba a cotyledonous. Mitengo ingapangidwe mu matumba a polyethylene, magalasi, makaseti. Pasanapite nthawi, timatsegula chitseko m'madzi kuti tipeze madzi owonjezera.