Agnostic - ndani uyu ndipo amakhulupirira chiyani?

Agnostic - ndani uyu mu dziko lamakono? Mafunso a chikhulupiliro mwa Mulungu sakhala okhutira kwambiri kuti munthu apite njira yake, yosiyana ndi ena. Popanda kudalira zipembedzo zomwe zilipo, anthu oterewa ali okonzeka kukhulupirira kuti kuli Mlengi, ngati izi zatsimikiziridwa.

Kodi ndani amatsutsa?

Agnostic ndi munthu amene samakana kuti kuli Mulungu, komanso amadziwa kuti sangakhaleko. Chiwerengero cha agnostics chikuchulukira tsiku ndi tsiku. Kwa iwo, palibe zipangizo zovomerezeka muzipembedzo zosiyanasiyana, malembo onse okhudzana ndi zamatsenga ndi zolembedwa zokha. Onse amatsutso amayesa choonadi ndipo amadziwa kuti dongosolo ladziko ndi lovuta kwambiri kuposa momwe tawonera poyamba, koma popanda umboni, kudziwa kwa agnostic sikungatheke, komanso kulingalira mafunso onse.

Kwa nthawi yoyamba mawu akuti "agnosticism" adayambitsidwa mu sayansi ya TG. Huxley ndi wotsatira wa chiphunzitso cha Darwinian kuti asonyeze maganizo ake pa zikhulupiriro zachipembedzo. Richard Dawkins mu ntchito yake "Mulungu ngati chinyengo" amasiyanitsa mitundu yambiri ya kukayikira:

1. Agnostic kwenikweni. Chikhulupiliro mwa Mulungu ndi chapamwamba kwambiri kuposa kusakhulupilira: osati kukhutitsidwa kwathunthu, koma kukhumba kukhulupirira kuti Mlengi akadalipo.
2. Osaganizira zamatsenga. Chikhulupiriro ndi kusakhulupirira kwenikweni mwa theka.
3. Agnostic amakhulupirira kuti kulibe Mulungu. Kusakhulupirira kuli kochepa kokha chikhulupiriro, chikayikiro chochuluka.
4. Anthu amakhulupirira kuti kulibe Mulungu. Kukhalapo kwa kukhalapo kwa mulungu ndi kochepa kwambiri, koma sikunatchulidwe.

Kodi anthu amakhulupirira zamatsenga?

Kodi anthu amakhulupirira kuti Mulungu amakhulupirira, anthu omwe amachoka pang'onopang'ono kuchoka ku chipembedzo amadzifunsa funsoli, koma amapitirizabe kukhulupirira njira zawo. Chikhalidwe cha agnostic chimathandiza kumvetsetsa izi:

• amapewa kuweruziro: pali Mulungu kapena satero, ndiko kuti, sangathe kutsutsa kapena kutsimikizira kukhalako kapena kupezeka kwa Mlengi;
• amakhulupirira kuti munthu ayenera kuchita yekha;
• ngakhale Mulungu alipo, ndiye kwa munthu alibe bizinesi iliyonse;
• lingaliro la zabwino ndi zoipa ndiloling'ono, pali khalidwe losayenera;
• Chikumbumtima cha munthu ndiyeso ya zochita zake;
• ambiri amatsutsa anthu ndi moyo wa Yesu Khristu, koma amamuona ngati munthu wamba, ngakhale kuti ali ndi makhalidwe apamwamba;
• kukayika kukhalapo kwa moyo ndi kusafa;
• tanthauzo la moyo kwa osayamika ndi moyo wokha ndi chimwemwe ndi chisoni chake ndi zolinga zomwe munthuyo adzisankha;
• Talingalirani umboni wa kukhalapo kwa Mulungu kapena kupezeka kwake nthawi, pomwe pali zochepa komanso zosakayikira.

Agnosticism mu filosofi

Wachifilosofi wachijeremani wamasiku ano I. Kant anaphunzira zochitika za agnosticism ndipo anabweretsa chiphunzitso chogwirizana ndi chosagwirizana cha malangizo awa. Malinga ndi Kant, kuganiza kuti agnosticism mu filosofi ndi kuzindikira kosatheka kwa chenicheni kapena chenicheni ndi phunziro, chifukwa:

1. Maluso aumunthu a kuzindikira ndi ochepa ndi chilengedwe chake.
2. Dziko lapansilo silingadziŵike palokha, munthu akhoza kudziwa malo ochepa omwe ali kunja kwa zochitika, zinthu, pamene mkati mwake "terra incognita".
3. Kuzindikiridwa ndi njira yomwe nkhaniyo imadzifufuza yokha ndi mphamvu yake yokha.

D. Berkeley ndi D. Hume ndi ena afilosofi otchuka, omwe adawathandizira ku mfundo za filosofi. Mwachidule, anthu amakhulupirira kuti izi ndi zokhudzana ndi chiphunzitso chokhazikika kuchokera ku ntchito za akatswiri afilosofi zikufotokozedwa m'mawu otsatirawa:

1. Agnosticism ikugwirizana kwambiri ndi nzeru za filosofi.
2. Wachikunja amatsutsa nzeru zolinga ndi mwayi wodziwa dziko lonse.
3. Chidziwitso cha Mulungu sichingatheke, kupeza chidziwitso chodalirika ponena za Mulungu ndi kovuta.

Gnostic ndi kusakhulupirira kwachikunja

Kukhulupirira Mulungu ndi kuganiza kuti Mulungu amakhulupirira kuti kuli Mulungu, sikunakanidwe. Kuwonjezera pa agnostics, palinso zosiyana ndi "msasa" - a Gnostics (akatswiri ena a filosofi amawaona iwo akukhulupiriradi). Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa Gnostics ndi agnostics:

1. Okhulupirira Amaganizo - amafunsa nzeru za Mulungu, Gnostics amangodziwa kuti ndizo.
2. Otsatira a Gnosticism amakhulupirira mu choonadi cha chidziwitso chaumunthu kupyolera mu chidziwitso cha chowonadi ndi zochitika za sayansi ndi zamaganizo, osakhulupirira amakhulupirira kuti dziko lapansi silingatheke.

Aginostic ndi osakhulupirira - ndi kusiyana kotani?

Anthu ambiri amasokoneza malingaliro awiriwa ndi anthu amatsutsa komanso osakhulupirira kuti kuli Mulungu. Agnosticism mu chipembedzo ndi aphunzitsi ambiri amawonedwa ngati atheism, koma izi si zoona. Sitikunenedwa kuti munthu wokhulupirira kuti kulibe Mulungu ndi wotsutsa amatsenga ndi oimira makina osiyanasiyana, ndipo nthawi zina pali anthu osakhulupirira kuti kulibe Mulungu ndipo komabe pali kusiyana pakati pawo:

1. Wokhulupirira kuti kulibe Mulungu samakayikira kuti kulibe mulungu, mosiyana ndi amatsenga.
2. Anthu okhulupirira Mulungu samakhulupirira kuti ali ndi makhalidwe abwino, pakati pa agnostics pali zifukwa zambiri.

Momwe mungakhalire osakhulupirira?

Ambiri amachokera ku zipembedzo zomwe zilipo kale. Pofuna kukhala amatsutso, anthu ayenera kukayikira ndi mafunso. Kawirikawiri amatsutsa ndi omwe anali okhulupirira (omwe amakhulupirira) omwe amakayikira zoti kuli Mulungu. Nthawi zina zimachitika pambuyo pa zovuta kapena munthu amene akuyembekezera thandizo laumulungu salandira.