Nkhawa za akatswiri a maganizo amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kusokonezeka maganizo, komwe kumachitika kwa nthawi yaitali. Zomwe zimayambitsa nkhaŵa kwa ana zimawonetseredwa pakakana chirichonse chatsopano. Mwachitsanzo, mwana wa sukulu atatha masiku angapo akudwala safuna kupita kusukulu. Ana ambiri oda nkhaŵa amatha kuchita zinthu mwachisawawa, zopanda phindu, atatopa kwambiri, ndi zovuta kupita kuntchito yatsopano. Njira yoyamba yopambana yochita chinachake imayambitsa chisokonezo, ndipo muzovuta zonse za mwanayo amadziimba mlandu. Ana oterewa amawoneka kuti ali ndi kachilombo ka ena chifukwa cha nkhawa ndi mantha.
Kodi mungathandize bwanji mwana wanu kuthana ndi nkhawa?
Kuti mudziwe momwe mungathandizire mwana wodandaula, choyamba muyenera kudziwa mtundu ndi zomwe zimayambitsa nkhawa. Chikhalidwe ichi chikhoza kukhala chifukwa cha mkhalidwe winawake kapena khalidwe la munthu. Kuwonjezera apo, ana oda nkhaŵa amagawanika kukhala mitundu: zokhudzana ndi nthenda za m'magazi, zowonongeka, zamanyazi, kuchotsedwa. Malangizowo onse kwa makolo a ana ovutika amayamba ndi mfundo yakuti amamvetsa ndi kuvomereza nkhawa za mwanayo. Ayenera kumverera, kuthandizidwa, kusamalira amayi ndi abambo. Chothandiza kwambiri ndicho kuchotsa nkhawa kwa ana pa chitsanzo payekha - kusonyeza momwe angakhalire ndi mwana woopsa. Koma musatero osati mmalo mwake, koma ndi mwanayo! Zochita mu mawonekedwe a masewera ndizovomerezeka kwambiri. Ndizotheka ngati mwanayo akudziwiratu zomwe zidzachitike.
Chiyembekezo ndicho chinsinsi cha kupambana
Njira yabwino kwambiri yothetsera nkhawa ndiyo chiyembekezo. Ndi udindo wapadera umene mwana ayenera kumverera m'banja. Kupsompsona, kumangirira kwa amayi, dzanja limagwedeza dzanja la bambo - ndicho chimene chimapangitsa mwana kudzidalira. Ndipo musamafanizire izo ndi ana ena. Poyerekezera, mungagwiritse ntchito zomwe mwanayo anachita kale.
Thandizo la akatswiri
Ngati nkhaŵa ili ndi mizu yozama komanso kuthana ndi vuto la mwanayo yekha limalephera, thandizo la akatswiri ndilofunikira. Ana omwe ali ndi matenda ovutika maganizo ndi amalingaliro akulangizidwa kuti apite kuchipatala ndi mtundu wina wa mankhwala kuphatikizapo mankhwala oponderezedwa. N'zosatheka kutembenukira ku nkhawa, chifukwa m'tsogolomu mwana amakhala ndi zovuta pomanga ubale, umoyo wake umachepa.
Nthawi zina, kuchotsa nkhawa pakati pa ana kumachitika malinga ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zinayi zomwe zakhala zothandiza:
- kugwiritsa ntchito sertraline - wodetsa nkhaŵa (wosankha serotonin reuptake inhibitor);
- chithandizo chamaganizo chodziletsa, pogwiritsa ntchito chisankho cha ntchito za ana;
- kutenga placebo (mapiritsi a shuga);
- chithandizo chodziŵa khalidwe labwino mogwirizana ndi sertraline.
Chimodzi mwa mankhwala omwe ali pamwambawa amachititsa kuti ana azikhala ndi nkhawa nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa miyezi itatu kapena inayi. Mitengo yapamwamba kwambiri ya machiritso imakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu yowonjezera (zoposa 80% za milandu).
Njira yosasinthika yothetsera nkhaŵa kwa ana ndi hypnotherapy. Ndi chithandizo chake mungathe kusintha maganizo, kuchepetsa nkhawa, kupatula mwanayo kuchokera mumtima. Dokotala pa msinkhu wopanda chidziwitso amadziwitsa zomwe zimayambitsa nkhaŵa zakuya, kapena kuthetsa nkhawa, ndipo kuthetsa vuto ndi njira yeniyeni yothetsera vutoli. Zimakhulupirira kuti thunzi lachithupi lokha, lomwe mwanayo amalowetsamo, ndi mankhwala, chifukwa limathandiza kupumula, kubwezeretsa thupi. Kuonjezera apo, mu chiwonetsero, malo osungiramo chuma obisika mwa mwanayo amadzutsidwa.
Zirizonse zomwe zinali, koma kuthetsa mwana wamantha ndikofunikira, chifukwa matenda osalongosoka sangathe kuwononga kokha thupi la thupi, koma pazoopsa kwambiri amachititsa kuti adziphe.