Yogyakarta

Mzinda wakale wa ku Indonesia wa Yogyakarta ndi wokongola kwambiri kwa alendo. Kawirikawiri anthu apaulendo amabwera kuno omwe amasangalatsidwa ndi makoma a Borobudur ndi Prambanan - malo opambana a ku Indonesia ambiri komanso zilumba za Java makamaka. Chifukwa cha iwo, mzinda uwu ukuonedwa ngati chikhalidwe cha dzikoli.

Zosangalatsa

Musanayambe kuphunzira mudziwu wokha, timaphunzira kamphindi zochepa za kale komanso zam'tsogolo:

1. Mbali yosangalatsa ya Yogyakarta ndi dzina lake. Atangotchula dzina la mzinda: Yogya, ndi Jogya, ndi Jokia. Ndipotu, malowa amatchulidwa ndi mzinda wa Ayodhya, womwe umatchulidwa "Ramayana" wotchuka. Gawo loyamba la mutuwo, "Jokia" limamasuliridwa kuti "oyenerera", "woyenera", ndipo lachiwiri - "mapu" - amatanthawuza "kupindula." Mwachidule, "mzinda woyenera kuti ukhale wabwino" umatuluka - umene umadziwika bwino kwambiri ndi Jogjakarta yamakono.
2. Mbiri ya mzindawo imachokera ku nthawi zakale - kuzungulira zaka za m'ma 800 AD. Nthaŵi zosiyana apa panali ufumu wa Mataram, ufumu wa Majapahit ndi sultanate wa Yogyakarta. Pambuyo pake, Java inali pansi pa chitetezo cha Netherlands. Masiku ano dera lachigawo la Yogyakarta liri ndi dera lapadera ndipo limaimira ufumu wokhawokha m'madera a Indonesia wamakono, ngakhale kuti Sultan sanakhale ndi mphamvu kwenikweni kwa nthawi yaitali.
3. Gawo lina la mzindawo linawonongedwa mu 2006 pa chivomezi choyamba cha Javanese ndi mphamvu zisanu. Ndiye anthu 4000 anafera kuno.

Chidziwitso cha malo ndi nyengo

Yogyakarta ili pakatikati pa chilumba cha Java ku Indonesia, pamtunda wa makilomita 113 pamwamba pa nyanja. Dera la mzindawo ndi 32.87 lalikulu mamita. km, ndi anthu - anthu 404,003 (malinga ndi 2014).

Nyengo m'derali ndi yotentha komanso yambiri. Kutentha kumasinthasintha pakati pa + 26 ° C ndi 32 ° C pachaka. Kuyambira November mpaka February, chinyezi chimafika 95 peresenti, m'nyengo youma - kuyambira March mpaka October - kufika 75%.

Malo Odyera ku Yogyakarta

Pakati pa malo otchuka a mumzindawu muli:

1. Museum Sonobudoyo - amauza alendo za mbiri ndi chikhalidwe cha chilumba cha Java. Alendo amakopeka ndi zomangamanga za ku Javanese ndi zojambula zambiri: zowonjezera, mafano, ma bronzes. Ndiponso apa akukonzekera zojambula zokongola zojambulajambula mu Indonesian Shadow Vayang-Kulit.
2. Fredeburg ndi nyumba yosungirako zinthu zakale mumzinda wa 1760, kumene mungathe kuona zojambulajambula ndi zojambula zosangalatsa za mbiri yakale. Kuwombera kumanganso nyumba yachifumu yakale, yofanana ndi nkhwangwa mu mawonekedwe ake, pa "paw" iliyonse yomwe pali alonda.
3. Taman Sari ndi nyumba yachifumu ya Sultan yomwe ili pansi pano, yomwe imatchedwa kuti nyumba yamadzi. Uwu ndiwo makanema onse a ndime zovunda ndi mabheseni, osungidwa pang'onopang'ono.
4. Malioboro ndilo msewu waukulu woyendayenda mumzindawu. Pali mabitolo ambiri okhumudwitsa, makasitomala ndi mabungwe oyendera maulendo, komwe mungathe kukaona malo oyendera malo okawona malo.
5. Kraton Palace ndi nyumba yachifumu ya sultan, komwe amakhala ndi kugwira ntchito. Alendo amayendera nyumbayo ndi ulendo . Pano mungathe kukaona malo osungirako zachilengedwe operekedwa kwa magalimoto.

Maulendo ochokera ku Yogyakarta

Kufupi ndi mzinda muli malo ambiri osangalatsa - chifukwa cha iwo, alendo ambiri achilendo amabwera kuno:

1. Prambanan ndi mtunda wa makilomita 17 kuchokera kumudzi. Ndizovuta kwa akachisi achihindu. Ulendowu umatenga maola osachepera 2-3. Mtengo wa tikiti ndi $ 18.
2. Borobudur ndi yaikulu Buddhist complex kunja kwa Jogjakarta, kumene inu mukhoza kuona stupas, mapiramidi ndi mafano Buddha. Apa mukhoza kukwera njovu. Kawirikawiri, kachisiyo amatha maola awiri kapena asanu, tikitiyi imadola $ 20.
3. Kachisi Mendut - ali panjira yopita ku Borobudur. Pano inu mudzawona miyala yokongola ndi miyala ya Buddha ya mamita atatu.
4. Mtsinje wa Merapi - ukhoza kukwera kuti ukawone malo ozungulira kuchokera kutalika kwake ndikupeza kuthamanga kwa adrenaline kuchokera kumtunda wokhala ndi mapiri ambiri. Kupita kumatenga maola 4, kutsika - kawiri. Oyendetsa ali ndi zosankha ziwiri: kugula ulendo ku chiphalaphala, kapena kudzipezera kuti mutenge wotsogolere ndikukwera.

Nyanja

Iwo ali kumwera kwa mzindawu. Komabe, m'mphepete mwa nyanja simukuyenera kusambira chifukwa cha mphepo yamkuntho ndi mafunde. Oyendayenda amabwera kuno kudzakondwera ndi nyanja, mapiri okongola, okwera kavalo kapena kuyenda basi. Kuphatikiza apo, pali malo ambiri ochititsa chidwi pano: Gumbirovata Upland, Pango lamatabwa ndi nyanja za pansi pa nthaka, akasupe otentha a Parangvedang ndi matope a Gumuk. Mtsinje wotchuka kwambiri wa Jogjakarta ndi Krakal, Glagah, Parangritis ndi Samas.

Hoteli ku Yogyakarta

Mzindawu umapereka mwayi wochuluka wa hotelo ndi malo ogonera (kutali ndi pakati, otsika mtengo iwo ali). Pakatikati - otchuka kwambiri - chigawo cha mtengo, oyendera alendo adawona ndemanga zabwino za malo awa:

• Bamboo Bamboo Homestay;
• Gallery Prawirotaman Hotel;
• Lalikulu;
• Jogja Maloto Bed and Breakfast.

Maofesi onsewa ali patali kwambiri, m'dera lamtendere la Danunegaran, ndipo ali ndi chiŵerengero cha mtengo wabwino.

Kodi mungadye kuti?

Pali njira zingapo zopangira chakudya kwa alendo:

• mu lesitilanti ku hotela, ngati pali imodzi;
• zakudya zochepetseka zapafupi (kuchokera $ 1 pa mbale);
• makasitomala ndi malo odyera alendo - pali ambiri a iwo ku Malioboro msewu;
• makhoti akudyera m'magulu akuluakulu ogula zinthu - ambiri mwazovomerezeka.

Zogula Zamalonda

Amabweretsa kuchokera ku Yogyakarta kawirikawiri za batik, zibangili ndi zithumwa, masikiti, zopangidwa ndi matabwa ndi zowonjezera. Malo ogulitsira alendo omwe ali abwino kwambiri ali m'masitolo ku Malioboro msewu. Apa akuchokera kuzilumba zonse za Java, kotero zosiyana ndi kusankha zinthu zamakumbukiro .

Kutengerako kwanuko

Mitundu iwiri ya mabasi imayendayenda mumzindawu:

• Kuthamanga kwambiri kwa TransJogja kumagwira ntchito kuyambira 6:00 mpaka 22:00. Okonzeka ndi mpweya wabwino, imani kokha pamalo okonzeka. Mitengo imagulidwa pa checkout (3000 rupees = $ 0.23). Pali njira 6: 1A, 1B, 2A, 2B, 3A, 3B. Amadutsa m'malo ofunika kwambiri okaona malo okaona malo ndi zojambula za Yogyakarta;
• msewu wamba wamtunda. Ntchito kuyambira 6:00 mpaka 17:00. Mtengo wa chitonthozo ndi wochepa. Tikitiyi imapereka makilomita 2500 ($ 0.19).

Kuwonjezera pa mabasi, taxi, mototaxi, pedicabs komanso ngolo zokokedwa ndi akavalo zikuyenda mozungulira mzindawo. Zotsalirazi zimayendera alendo ndipo zimakhala ndi alendo 4-5.

Kodi mungapeze bwanji?

Yogyakarta ndi yosiyana ndi mizinda ikuluikulu ya chilumba cha Java - Surabaya ndi likulu la chilumbacho, Jakarta . Mukhoza kuwatenga kuno m'njira zingapo:

1. Ndege zapanyumba za ku Indonesia zimakhala zotchipa, makamaka ngati mutagula matikiti kuchokera ku ndege yotsika mtengo AirAsia. Pa 8 km kuchokera ku Jogjakarta ndi Adisukjipto Airport (Adisutjipto International Airport). Kuchokera pamenepo kupita kumzinda ndibwino basi 1B.
2. Pa sitima, monga mawonetsero, mungapeze kuchokera ku Jakarta kupita ku Yogyakarta ndi sitima. Ulendo umatenga maola 8. Mukamagula matikiti ku ofesi yaikulu ya bokosi, mungathe kusankha chonyamulira ndi kutonthozedwa kwa sitimayi.
3. Pa basi kuchokera ku Jakarta kupita ku Yogyakarta, mungathe kufika. Ngakhale kuti njirayo sichilonjeza kukhala yophweka ndi yochepa, mudzakhala ndi mwayi wowona chilumba chonse cha Java kuchokera pawindo. Givangan Bus Terminal amalandira ndege kuchokera ku Bandung , Medan , Denpasar , Mataram ndi Jakarta. Wachiwiri-Jombor - amakumana ndi mabasi ochokera ku likulu la Indonesia, komanso mizinda ya Bandung ndi Semarang.