Penicillin ndi imodzi mwa ma antibiotic otchuka m'mbiri ya anthu. Malinga ndi kafukufuku wa London Science Museum, kufotokozedwa kwa penicillin ndi malo achiŵiri pa mndandanda wa mndandanda wa zochitika zazikulu kwambiri za anthu. Zakafukufukuzo zinachitika kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1900, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito penicillin ngati mankhwala anayambitsidwa pa nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse.
Penicillin ndi chipatso cha moyo wa nkhungu ya Penicillium mold. Zotsatira zake zowonongeka zimaphatikizira pafupifupi makina onse a gram-positive ndi mabakiteriya ena a gram (staphylococci, gonococci, spirochete, etc.).
Kugwiritsa ntchito penicillin
Kulekerera bwino kwa penicillin kumathandiza kuti zikhale ndi matenda ambiri:
- sepsis;
- mpweya;
- matenda a meningococcal ;
- zilonda zazikulu za khungu chifukwa cha kuvulala;
- nkhope;
- kupuma kwa ubongo;
- Matenda opatsirana pogonana (gonorrhea, syphilis);
- kutentha kwakukulu (3 ndi 4);
- cholecystitis;
- chifuwa chachikulu ndi chifuwa chachikulu;
- feteleza;
- kupweteka kwa ophthalmic;
- matenda a khutu;
- Matenda opatsirana m'mwamba.
Pa matenda a ana, mankhwala ndi penicillin akhoza kulamulidwa ndi:
- septicopyemia (mtundu wa chipsinjo ndi mapangidwe a ziphuphu zogwirizana pakati pa ziwalo zosiyana);
- septicemia ya umbilical m'mimba mwa makanda;
- otitis, chibayo mwa ana obadwa kumene ndi ana aang'ono;
- purulent pleurisy ndi meningitis.
Maonekedwe a penicillin kumasulidwa
Penicillin amapanga mawonekedwe a ufa, omwe musanayidwe jekeseni ndi mankhwala apadera. Majekeseni amatha kupangidwira mozama, pansi pang'onopang'ono. Mankhwala a penicillin angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati inhalation ndi madontho (makutu ndi maso).
Kukonzekera kwa penicillin gulu
Chifukwa cha zotsatira zake pa maselo a bakiteriya (kuponderezedwa kwa kusintha kwa mankhwala komwe kumafunika kuti moyo ndi kubereka kwa maselo a bakiteriya), mankhwala ophera penicillin amadziwika mu gulu losiyana. Kukonzekera kwa gulu lachilengedwe la penicillin ndi:
- Procaine;
- Bicillin;
- Yambitsanso;
- Ospen;
- benzylpenicillin sodium salt;
- benzylpenicillin potaziyamu mchere.
Mankhwala a penicillin amadziwikiratu m'thupi kwambiri. M'kupita kwanthaŵi, mabakiteriya anayamba kugonjetsedwa ndi penicillin zachilengedwe ndipo makampani opanga mankhwala anayamba kukhala ndi vuto la penisillitis:
- Ampicillin;
- Oxycellin;
- Ampiox.
Zotsatira za mankhwala osokoneza bongo zimatchulidwa kwambiri:
- matenda okhudza m'mimba;
- dysbiosis;
- khungu;
- anaphylactic mantha.
Pakali pano, mbadwo wachinayi wa kukonzekera ndi penicillin wapangidwa.
Kukonzekera kwa penicillin, pafupifupi onse amawonongedwa ndi chapamimba cha asidi ndipo samapereka mankhwala oyenera. Koma pali mankhwala omwe ali ndi penicillin, opangidwa m'mapiritsi. Kuwongolera kwa mankhwalawa kunapangitsanso mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amachepetsa zotsatira za timadziti tam'mimba. Kwenikweni, mankhwalawa ndi amtengo wapatali:
- Amoxicillin m'mapiritsi;
- Amoxyl - CMS;
- Ospamox;
- Flemoxin.
Monga lamulo, kulandila penicillin kukonzekera m'mapiritsi kumaperekedwa mosasamala kanthu kwa masiku asanu ndi awiri.
Mitundu ina ya kumasulidwa kwa mankhwala a penicillin
Mafananidwe ena a penicillin m'mapiritsi amapezeka ngati mawonekedwe a granules pokonzekera kuimitsidwa kapena makapulisi:
- Ospen;
- Hiconcile;
- Ospamox;
- Amoxiclav ;
- Bactox.
Fomu yotereyi ndi yoyenera kuti azitha kuchiza matenda a ubwana. Iwo akhoza kusungunuka mu timadziti, mkaka, tiyi ndi zina zamadzimadzi.