Sikuti aliyense amadziwa kuti chotupa cha nthaka, chomwe chimadziwika bwino komanso chofala monga chiweto, chili mu Bukhu Loyera. Kukhala mwini wa zosavuta zachilengedwe m'chigawo chapakati cha Asia chakumpoto ndi udindo waukulu. Muyenera kudziwa zambiri zokhudza kuchoka ndi kusamalira bwino, zakudya ndi zina. Zolakwitsa za anthu ambiri okhala ndi nguluwe zimatha kumvetsa chisoni kwambiri.
Mitundu yamtundu wamtundu
Kawirikawiri, pokambirana za zithunzithunzi za nthaka, munthu sayenera kukumbukira osati mwapadera kwambiri m'nyumba zathu, Asiya aku Central. Mu chilengedwe, pali mitundu 37-oyimira a banja lino. Ambiri a iwo - okhala ku Africa. Ambiri omwe timakhala ndi timitengo tawo, mitundu yofala yomwe yakhala pansi monga ziweto izi:
- Kamba la Mediterranean. Zing'onozing'ono (kufika pa 28 cm), ndi chipolopolo champhamvu kwambiri, zishango zomwe zimapanga chitsanzo chovuta ndi mphete zosasintha, mdima pambali pambali. Wokonda chakudya chomera, mwachilengedwe nthawi zina amadyetsa zinyama ndi nkhono. Ali ndi zaka zing'onozing'ono, ziphuphu zotere sizikhala pakhomo, kotero nkofunikira kutenga kale anthu akuluakulu.
- Kamba (khungu lofiira) kamba. Kutalika kwa kutalika kwake ndi masentimita 55. Pamene kusunga nyumba yake, nthaka yopanda mchenga ndi mchenga ndi kusamba kosadziwika kwa kayendedwe ka madzi n'kofunika. Katundu wa mitundu iyi ndi omnivorous - imadya zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba, nkhuku kapena nyama ya nyama. Mavuto apadera - kutentha kwa mpweya wamkuntho (osati poyerekeza ndi + 27 ° С) ndi kutentha kwakukulu.
- Kambuku ka kambuku. Amakula mpaka masentimita 60 m'litali. Chigoba chake ndi chofiira kwambiri, ndi malo amdima. Mukakhala pakhomo, muyenera kudyetsa udzu wokhawokha, mwinamwake osapatsa zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba. Malo otenthawa ayenera kukhala ndi malo ogwiritsira ntchito komanso nyali yotentha.
- Kamba wamkulu. Chimodzi mwa zikopa zokongola kwambiri. Zimakhala zazikulu (mpaka masentimita 40), ndipo zimakhala ndi chida chokwera kwambiri, chomwe chimakhala chakuda kapena chakuda ndi chikasu chofanana ndi nyenyezi ndi miyezi yambiri. Amadyetsa nkhuku zotere ndi zakudya zamasamba - zimamera ndi masamba obiriwira.
- Chikopa cha ku Central Asia. Tonsefe timadziwika bwino, tili ndi chigoba cha mtundu wofiirira wachikasu ndi mawanga. Nkhumba zimenezi zimakula mpaka masentimita 20 m'litali (amuna ndi ang'onoang'ono kuposa akazi). Mu chilengedwe, zimagwera mu hibernation kawiri pachaka, panyumba, ndibwino kupeŵa zodabwitsa izi, kuwapatsa chakudya chokwanira ndi kutentha mpweya kwa 25-28 ° C.
Kodi mungasunge bwanji nkhono?
Phokoso lapanyumba pakhomo limafuna kukhala ndi mtima wodalirika ku zikhalidwe zomangidwa. Ambiri amachimasula molakwika "pa mkate wopanda ufulu" mnyumba yonseyo. Izi ndizolakwika kwambiri ndipo sizilandiridwa. Choyamba, mukhoza kuyendetsa ndi kuvulaza. Chachiwiri, nkhumba iyenera kukwera kumalo a mdima, ikhale ndi pfumbi, yomwe idzavulaza mapapu anu. Chachitatu, ngati simukupeza malo ake ogona, iye adzakhala pansi njala. Chachinayi, pansi nthawi zambiri "amayenda" mazenera, ndipo mafunde amayenera nyengo yozizira ndi yozizira. Choncho, amafunikira nyumba yake - terrarium.
Terrarium ya tortoise yamtunda
Zilibe kanthu mtundu wa zamoyo, nkhuku zowomba padziko lapansi ziyenera kukhala zazikulu kuti nyama ikhale yosasunthika momasuka, iyenera kukhala ndi gawo la mchenga, miyala, udzu, udzu wolemera wa 5-7 masentimita.Pakuti akalulu amakhala m'malo otentha m'deralo, kutentha Mphepete mwa mpweya sayenera kugwa m'munsimu + 25 ° C. Ndikofunika kukhala ndi tray yozama mu terramuum ndi madzi, kotero kuti nthawi zina phokoso la nthaka lingathe kupanga madzi.
Nyumba kwa torto
Popeza kuti timvine akugona nthawi zambiri ndipo amasankha malo amdima ndi osakanikirana chifukwa cha izi, ndikofunikira kuwamangira chinthu ngati nyumba. Zitha kukhala poto losandulika la maluwa, ndi bokosi la matabwa loikidwa pansi-kapena ngakhale kakhadi lakuda lopangidwa ngati malo ogona. Zokonda zabwino zimaperekedwa kwa zipangizo zomwe zingathe kutsukidwa, chifukwa zomwe zili m'thumba la nthaka zimaphatikizapo kuyendetsa ukhondo wa malo ake.
Chingwe cha torto
Pamwamba pa terrarium, nyali yowunikira ndi kutentha ndi mphamvu yosapitirira 60 watts, ndi nyali ya fulorosenti kuti ipeze ultraviolet yofunikira, iyenera kuyatsa. Kamodzi pa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi mu nyali ya ultraviolet muyenera kusintha malo atsopano. Kukonzekera kwazitali zamtunda popanda nyali kungayambitse mavuto ndi thanzi la pet. Ultraviolet ndizofunika kuti kashiamu ndi khungu lolimba likhale lodziwika bwino, ndipo nyali yowonongeka imagwiritsidwa ntchito kutentha mpweya wofuna kutentha.
Kusamalira kototi
Nkhumba iliyonse ya malo imayenera kusamalidwa bwino, komwe kumaphatikizapo kusunga ukhondo wa nyumba yake, mwiniwake, kutsimikizira njira yoyenera ya moyo. Kotero, momwe mungasamalire thumba lamtunda:
- nthawi zonse komanso kudyetsa moyenera mogwirizana ndi chakudya chimodzi chokha;
- Kusamba m'madzi otentha mlungu uliwonse - Kumapatsa mphukira zabwino kwambiri, kuphatikizapo, kumawonjezera chilakolako chabwino ndi ubwino wabwino;
- kuti asamalire zida - ali mu ukapolo alibe nthawi yokupera pamene akukula, kotero muyenera kuzidula nthawi ndi mphako yapadera;
- Kuthamanga mumlengalenga - pamasiku otentha ndi dzuwa ndiwothandiza kwambiri kuti mphutsi ipite patsogolo, ndiko kungoyang'ana kuti ikhale yosasokonezeka, chifukwa imatha kupezeka muzitsamba zozama zomwe zingathe panthawi yochepa kwambiri.
Kodi kudyetsa kamba?
Funso lachilengedwe loyamba kamba - kodi mungadyeko nkhono kunyumba? Chakudya chawo chachikulu ndi chakudya cha zipatso - zipatso, zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba, udzu. Njira yabwino ndikudyetsera iwo zosakaniza zosiyanasiyana - kotero chakudya chawo chidzakhala chosiyana ndi choyenera. Mukhoza kuika chakudya pa saucer wapamwamba, chinthu chachikulu ndichoti kamba ikhale yabwino. Zamasamba ndi zakudya zam'nyengo m'chilimwe zimatha ndipo zimayenera kukhala zosiyana ndi clover, dandelions, sorelo, zinamera oats, masamba a mtola.
Mavitamini kuti ayambe kuzungulira padziko lapansi
Mavitamini a mavitamini ndi othandizira pakudya zakudya zapansi zomwe zimakhala pakhomo. Monga mchere zowonjezera zingathe kuchita carbonate, fupa chakudya, nthaka eggshell, glycerophosphate. Muyenera kuwapatsa pa mlingo wa 100 mg pa 1 kg kulemera kwake kwa nyama. Mavitamini, kanyumba ka Central Asia amafunikira mavitamini A, B12 ndi D3. Musamupatse mafuta okonzekera ndi vitamini D2. Ayenera kupeza zonse zomwe akusowa chakudya.
Kodi mungadziwe bwanji za kugonana kwa torto?
N'zotheka kudziwa molondola kugonana kwa kamba pamene kunali zaka 1.5-2, ndiko kuti, panali kukula. Pano pali mbali zingapo zosiyana zomwe munthu angaweruze kugonana kwa reptile:
- Maselo. Amuna ndi amodzi komanso ovuta kwambiri. Izi ndi zofunika kuti akonze thupi lawo panthawi yomwe akukhalira. Mphetete yazimayi ndi yaifupi komanso ya dumber.
- Chigoba. Mu amuna, mbali ya pansi - plastron - ali ndi mawonekedwe a concave, kuwonjezeranso, m'chuuno awo amachiza (kukula kwa khungu). Zonsezi ndi chifukwa chofunikira kukhalabe pazimayi pa nthawi ya kukwatira. Maonekedwe a chipolopolo amakhalanso osiyana: mwazimayi ndi ozungulira, mkati mwazimuna amawombera.
- Mchira. Nkhumba zoberekera ndi mchira. Amunawa ndi aakulu, otsika m'munsi, pamene mkazi ali ndi mchira wautali ndi woonda.
- Ukulu wa nyama. Nkhumba yamtunda kunyumba imadziwika ndi kugonana komanso chifukwa cha kukula kwake. Chilengedwe chapanga mkazi wamkulu, chifukwa amafunikira kubala ana. Pamene aquarium imakhala ndi anthu angapo a zaka zofanana, kusiyana kumeneku ndi koonekeratu.
- Mtundu wa diso. Mayi ali ndi chikasu maso, amuna ali ndi bulauni maso.
Matenda a torto
Nkhumba yamtunda pakhomo ikhoza kukumana ndi matenda ofala kwambiri:
- Miyeso. Chifukwa cha kusowa kwa vitamini D3 ndi ultraviolet, nthawi zambiri nkhanza zimayamba kuchepa, kenako chipolopolocho n'chopunduka. Poyambirira, muyenera kuyambiranso zakudya zake ndi kugula nyali ya UV kuti iwonongeke. Mafupawa amapita patsogolo amafuna jekeseni wa cholera chamatenda, ndipo komabe kupindika kwa chipolopolo sikungatheke.
- Kuvala, kupweteka, kupweteka kwa maso ndi chizindikiro cha kusowa kwa vitamini A. Ngati muwona vutoli, yambani mderalo ndi yankho la chamomile, madontho a madontho a Albucide kapena Sofrax. Kuwonjezera apo, mavitanidwe a multivitamin amafunikira.
- Kugonjetsedwa kwa majeremusi. Glistov amathamangitsidwa ndi mankhwala owona Zachilengedwe a Albendazole .
- Nkhuku, chibayo. Zimasonyeza ngati mphuno komanso mpweya wochepa. Mphungu zimakhala zotumbululuka, ndi kuvala koyera, thovu, phula zimakhala zovuta. Matenda oterewa amachiritsidwa ndi antibiotics.