Kodi nthawi zambiri timawona kuti masamba a nkhaka zathu mwadzidzidzi amatembenukira chikasu, amadetsedwa, opotoka ndi kugwa. Ndipo muyenera kudziwa chifukwa chake chodabwitsa chikuchitika bwino kuti mutengepo zoyenera. Nanga, ndi mitundu yanji ya matenda ndi tizilombo tokoma a nkhaka ndipo ndi njira ziti zomwe tingazigwiritsire ntchito?
Kodi mungapange bwanji nkhaka kwa tizirombo?
Nkhumba zambiri za nkhaka ndi kangaude wa kangaude. Amalumikiza pansi pa masambawo ndi nsalu yochepa kwambiri, amamwa masamba ndi kumwa madzi. Pofuna kuthana ndi kangaude, muyenera kuthyola masamba oonongeka ndikuwotchera, ndi kuthira zomera zokha ndi tizilombo kangapo pa nyengo. Mungagwiritse ntchito Carbophos, Agrovertin, Phosbicide, Phytoverm ndi zina zotero.
Matenda ena a nkhaka ndi aphid. Tizilombo ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono (2 mm) ndipo tiri ndi kuwala kofiira kwa ng'ombe. Amakhalanso pansi pa masamba, komanso pamaluwa ndi m'mimba mwake. Ndi ntchito yake yofunikira imayambitsa kupotoza ndi kuyanika kwa masamba ndi mbali zina za zomera. Pofuna kulimbana ndi kuteteza ndikofunika kuchotsa namsongole m'nthawi ndi kumaphatikizapo azimayi aakazi pamtunda kapena pamalo ena.
Whitefly yowonjezera kutentha ikhoza kuyambitsa nkhaka. Imayamwa madzi kuchokera m'masamba, ndipo nkhuku zowonjezera zimamera pa sugary excretions yomwe imachoka, zomwe zimachititsa kuti kuzizira ndi kuyanika kwa masamba. Nkhuka zokhudzidwa ziyenera kukonzedwa ndi madzi oyera ndi masamba opukuta, kenako kumasula nthaka ndi masentimita 2.
Kodi kuchiza nkhaka ku matenda?
Kuwonjezera pa tizirombo, nkhaka zimayambitsa matenda osiyanasiyana, ndipo amafunikanso kulimbana. Zowonjezereka mwa izi ndizovunda, zovunda zoyera, powdery mildew, mizu yovunda, maonekedwe a azitona ndi azitona.
Kuchokera ku matenda a nkhaka angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati wowerengeka mankhwala, ndipo anamaliza kukonzekera. Mwachitsanzo, ngati muwona mawanga pa masamba ndi maluwa - imvi zowola , ndiye mukudziwa kuti kuchotsa izo kumathandiza kuthandizira masamba ndi phulusa wamba. Kudiririra panthawi ya chithandizo chamankhwala kuyenera kuchitidwa kanthawi.
Vuto loyera limachitidwa ndi kukonkha ndi lime-pushenka. Pachifukwa ichi, malo owonongeka ayenera kuchotsedwa, ndipo monga kupewa kuteteza chinyezi chokwanira, kuphulika kwa zomera ndi mpweya wabwino.
Kuchokera powdery mildew, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi yankho la Mullein kapena colloidal sulfure limagwiritsidwa ntchito. Malo okhudzidwa akhoza kupangidwa ndi ufa ndi phulusa kapena kuwachotsa kwathunthu.
Pofuna kupewa chitukuko, muyenera kudyetsa nkhaka mu nthaka yomwe ilipo kale, osalola kuti madzi ndi kutentha zisinthe.
Makhalidwe apamwamba pa nkhaka zomwe zimakhala ndi kutupa pa masamba ndi zipatso ndi zotsatira za kufalikira kwa matenda kudzera namsongole ndi mbewu zowonongeka. Mitengo yowonongeka imafunika kuchotsedwa, ndipo zonse zowonjezera ziyenera kukhala zotetezedwa mwachitsulo mu bleach kapena potassium ya manganese.
Ngati malo a azitona akupezeka, muyenera kusiya kuthirira kwa masiku asanu, perekani zomera ndi "Oxihom" kapena Bordeaux fluid. Pofuna kupewa, musalole kutentha kwambiri, kuthirira ndi madzi ozizira ndi ma drafts.