Mpaka pano, njira ya PCR (polymerase chain reaction) ndi imodzi mwa njira zophunzitsira komanso zowona bwino zodziwira matenda m'thupi la munthu. Poyerekeza ndi zowonjezera zina, palibe malire othandizira, omwe amalola kuti DNA ya wodwala opatsiranayo ikhale ndi chikhalidwe chake.
PCR ndiyo mfundo ya njirayi
Chofunika kwambiri cha njirayi ndi kudziwa ndi kuonjezera mobwerezabwereza DNA gawo la tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe timalandira kuti tiphunzire. Kutuluka, njira zamakono ndi njira ya PCR, mukhoza kudziwa mosavuta DNA iliyonse ndi RNA ya tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Popeza aliyense wa iwo ali ndi kachilombo kaye kamene kamene kamakhala kameneka, kamene kachidutswa kakang'ono kamene kamapezeka muzitsamba zowonongeka, chimayamba kupanga mapepala ambiri. Pachifukwa ichi, njira yeniyeni ya njirayi imatsimikizira zotsatira zolondola, ngakhale ngati chidutswa chimodzi cha DNA cha kachilomboka chinapezeka mu chitsanzo.
Kuwonjezera apo, ma diagnosti a maselo pogwiritsira ntchito njira ya PCR ndi chidziwitso chake chotsatira chimaphatikizapo kupezeka kwa wodwala opatsirana ngakhale panthawi yopuma, pamene mawonetseredwe a matendawa sakupezeka.
Chikhalidwe chofunika kwambiri chochita PCR ndi kukonzekera koyamba ndi zitsanzo zabwino za nkhaniyi.
Njira ya PCR - Zimatengedwa bwanji?
Chinthu chimodzi chofunika kwambiri mwa njirayi ndi chakuti chosiyana kwambiri ndi zinthu zakuthupi ndi zoyenera kuphunzira. Zingatheke kumaliseche , ma smears kuchokera pachibelekero kapena urethra, mkodzo kapena magazi. Chilichonse chimadalira pa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi malo ake.
Kawirikawiri, kuti mudziwe njira zogonana pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya PCR, zobisika zapachibale zimatengedwa kuti muwone kuti chiwindi cha matenda a chiwindi kapena HIV chimatengedwa ndi sampuli ya magazi.
Mulimonsemo, madokotala amavomereza asanapereke chiwerengerochi:
- Masiku atatu asanafike tsiku lothandizira kukonza zida kuti musagonana;
- Asanadzipereke, palibe chiri m'mawa;
- madzulo, osati kusamba ndi sopo antibacterial , koma m'mawa chabe ndi madzi, osati douche;
- Maola 2-3 musanayese yesero, musamate;
- ndi bwino kuti ayambe kuyesa nthawi yomwe amatha msambo.
N'zoonekeratu kuti PCR ndi njira yowonjezera yowonjezera, yophweka komanso yogwiritsira ntchito zida zapamwamba. Kuwonjezera pa mankhwala othandiza, polymerase kayendedwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu za sayansi.