Zomera zonse za m'munda zimakhala ndi zofunikira zosiyana siyana kuti zisamalire komanso zisamalire. Mmodzi wa iwo amafunikira dzuwa lambiri ndi kuwala, ena amamvetsetsa makhalidwe a nthaka, ena amafunika kuthirira nthawi zambiri. Kuti chinyezi-chikondi zomera ndi okondedwa ndi nkhaka zonse. Ngati ndinu woyamba kumera masamba, ndiye musanabzala, muyenera kuwerenga nthawi zonse momwe mungasamalirire zomera zomwe munabzala. Timapempha kuti mudziwe kuti ndi kofunika kangati kuti madzi a nkhaka amere pang'onopang'ono , mutabzala nthawi ndi mtsogolo, nthawi ya maluwa ndi fruiting.
Kodi nthawi zambiri mumafuna kuthirira nkhaka?
Thupi la nkhaka ndilofunika kwambiri. Popanda izo, kuchuluka kwa zipatso za m'tsogolo kumakhala kuzunzika. Chifukwa cha kusowa kwa madzi, nkhaka zimakhala zowawa, ndipo nthawi zambiri zowola zimayamba. Ndichifukwa chake mukamwetsa zomera izi, muyenera kuyang'ana "golide" amatanthauza ".
Choncho, nkhaka za madzi ziyenera kukhala ngati dothi lakuda. Mwatsoka, sikutheka kumveka kawonekedwe kafupipafupi kawirikawiri (mwachitsanzo, masiku asanu ndi asanu), chifukwa zimadalira nyengo. Pa chifukwa ichi, m'pofunika kufufuza tsiku lililonse ngati nthawi yakwanirira madzi nkhaka: ngati nthaka pansi pake yayamba kale, ndi nthawi yamadzi. Ngati dothi lili mizu likadali lonyowa, ndi bwino kuyembekezera masiku 1-2, chifukwa madzi a m'madzi angatenge kachilombo ka mbeu ndi zowola kapena powdery mildew . Monga lamulo, mu kutentha, nkhaka ayenera kuthirira nthawi zambiri kuposa nyengo yozizira, mpaka madzi madzi tsiku lililonse.
Samalani zaka za zomera, komanso ngati zakula kuchokera ku mbewu kapena kupyolera mu mbande. Nkhuka zazing'ono zimafunika ulimi wothirira mobwerezabwereza kuposa anthu akuluakulu, koma kuchuluka kwa madzi kumagulu ziyenera kukhala zazikulu. Chotsatira ndi ichi: Kamodzi zikakwera, zimayenera kuthiriridwa kawirikawiri komanso pang'onopang'ono, pamene tchire akulu amafuna madzi okwanira (pafupifupi chidebe cha madzi pansi pa chitsamba chilichonse), koma mocheperapo.
Musanathe nkhaka, amamwetsa moyenera, osapitirira 4 malita a madzi pa mita iliyonse. M'tsogolo muno, kuchuluka kwa madzi ndi kofunikira kwambiri muzowona ngati zipatso zonse zomwe zafesedwa zimatha kukula pamaso pa masamba kusanduka chikasu. Zakudya zamadzimadzi zimapangitsa nkhaka pa mabedi athu yowutsa mudyo, yobiriwira, yowala bwino komanso yokoma!
Nkhaka zimakhalanso ndi madzi otentha kwa ulimi wothirira, zomwe siziyenera kukhala zosakwana 10-12 ° C, ndipo zimayenera kufika 23-25 ° C. Kuwawathira, komanso zomera zina m'munda, ayenera kukhala m'mawa kapena madzulo, makamaka ngati nyengo ikuyaka kunja. Ngati madzi afika pamasamba, ndiye kuti chomeracho chikhoza kutentha, koma izi siziyenera kuloledwa. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, munthu ayenera kupanga malo osungira: nkhaka yamaluwa isanakwanire m'mawa, ndipo panthawi ya misala fruiting ndi bwino kuchita madzulo.
Zimalinso momwe mumamwetsera mabedi anu: kugwiritsa ntchito madzi okwanira, kutsogolera mtsinje wa madzi mwachindunji ku dzenje, kapena kupyolera mu botolo la lita ziwiri ndi mabowo, omwe anaikidwa m'manda pafupi ndi muzu wa chomeracho.
Kuwonjezera pa ulimi wothirira, njira yaulimi, yotchedwa kukonkha, imathandiza kukula nkhaka. Mvula yomwe imapanga maluwa pamtengo wa nkhaka, imakhala ngati mvula yowonongeka, imatsitsa pamwamba pa zomera ndi mlengalenga pamwamba pa masamba. Mmodzi ayenera kukumbukira kuti sikuloledwa kupanga kukonkha nyengo ya nyengo - m'mawa kwambiri kapena dzuwa litalowa.
Pambuyo kuthirira nthaka dries, ndipo imapanga kutumphuka kolimba. Izi ziyenera kumasulidwa nthawi zonse kuti mizu ya mbeu ipeze mpweya wokwanira. Mukamasula nthaka pansi pa chitsamba chilichonse, mosakanika kukoka zikwapu pambali.