Monga momwe zimadziwira, magazi a munthu ali ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu ziwiri: plasma ndi zinthu zooneka ngati - erythrocytes, leukocytes, mapulateletti. Kupanga mayeso a magazi ambiri kumakulolani kuti muweruzire zaumoyo wa maselo a magazi ndi zigawo zake, kuti mudziwe zambiri zomwe zimachitika kuti anthu azidwala. Makamaka, chizindikiro cha mavuto omwe ali m'thupi angakhale ngati kuchuluka kwa mapulogalamu m'magazi.
Platelet amagwira ntchito ndi kachitidwe kawo m'magazi
Magalasi ndi ang'onoang'ono, maselo a denuclearized (mbale zamagazi), zomwe ndi zidutswa za cytoplasm ya maselo enaake a mafupa - megakaryocytes. Mapangidwe a mapiritsi amapezeka m'mafupa, kenako amalowa m'magazi.
Maselo a magazi amenewa ali ndi udindo wofunikira - amapereka magazi (kuphatikizapo mapuloteni ena a m'magazi). Chifukwa cha mapuloteni, pamene makoma a zombozo awonongeka, zinthu zimatulutsidwa, kotero kuti chombo choonongeka chimazembedwa ndi chovala. Motero, kutuluka kwa magazi kumayima ndipo thupi limatetezedwa ku kutaya magazi.
Posakhalitsa, zakhazikitsidwa kuti mapuloletsiti amatengapo mbali pakukhazikitsanso kwa minofu yokhudzidwa, kutulutsa zomwe zimatchedwa kukula zomwe zimayambitsa kukula kwa ma makina.
Platelets amakhala masiku 7 mpaka 10 okha, osinthidwa mosavuta. Choncho, njira yogwiritsira ntchito mapulogalamu akale ndi kupanga zatsopano ndizochitika nthawi zonse mu thupi la munthu wathanzi. Zakudya zomwe zimapezeka m'magazi a lita imodzi zimakhala zosiyana pakati pa 180 ndi 320 × 109 maselo. Pamene mgwirizano pakati pa mapangidwe a maselo atsopano ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zinyalala zimasokonezeka, zimachitika.
Mapaleti apamwamba m'magazi - zimayambitsa
Kuwonjezeka kwa mapiritsi m'magazi kumapangitsa kuwonjezeka kwa thrombosis ndi kutseka mitsempha ya magazi. Matendawa amatchedwa thrombocytosis ndipo amagawidwa m'magulu awiri - oyambirira ndi apamwamba.
Thrombocytosis yapadera imakhudzana ndi kufooka kwa maselo a mafupa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuwonjezeka kwa chiwerengero cha mapulogalamu a magazi m'magazi. Kusanthula kwakukulu kwa magazi kungasonyeze kuti mapulanetiwa amakulira 800 - 1200 × 109 maselo / l ndi zina zambiri. Monga lamulo, primary thrombocytosis amapezedwa mwangozi, chifukwa Nthawi zambiri, matenda samakhala ndi mawonetseredwe owonekera. Nthawi zina zizindikiro zotsatirazi zikhoza kuchitika:
- mutu;
- kuchizira;
- magazi (mchere, uterine, etc.);
- khungu lachikopa kamvekedwe, ndi zina zotero.
Mipiritsi yowonjezera m'magazi ndi yachiwiri ya thrombocytosis ingayambidwe ndi zifukwa zonse za thupi ndi zovuta. Monga lamulo, ndi kachilombo kawiri kawiri, chiwerengero cha mapiritsi sichiposa 1000 × 109 maselo / lita.
Zomwe zimayambitsa chiwerengero cha mapiritsi m'magazi angakhale:
- thupi;
- kuwonjezera adrenaline m'magazi;
- mimba.
Zomwe zingatheke kuti zikhale zovuta zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pulogalamu yapamwamba yowonjezera m'magazi ikhale yotsatira:
- Matenda opatsirana ndi opweteka omwe amayamba ndi mavairasi, mabakiteriya, bowa, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda (hepatitis, chibayo, meningitis, thrush, encephalitis, etc.).
- Kutuluka magazi mkati.
- Zochita zopaleshoni ndi kuwonongeka kwa chiwalo.
- Sarcoidosis ndi matenda omwe amachititsa kuti thupi likhale ndi ziphuphu zomwe ziwalo ndi machitidwe (omwe nthawi zambiri mapapu) amakhudzidwa ndi mapangidwe a granules.
- Kuchotsa mpeni - chiwalo chomwe chimagwiranso ntchito poika mapaleti akale, ndipo amasungira pafupifupi 30% mwa mapulogalamu a magazi.
- Kuwonongeka kwa minofu yowonongeka mu chiwopsezo kapena minofu ya necrosis.
- Kuperewera kwa iron mu thupi.
- Matenda a zamoyo.
- Kulandira mankhwala ena.