Matenda a Creutzfeldt-Jakob ndi matenda omwe sagwirizana kwambiri ndi kuwonongeka kwa ubongo chifukwa cha kuoneka kosavomerezeka kwa puloteni m'mapuloteni ndipo amatchulidwa kuti asayansi omwe adalongosola poyamba. Ambiri mwa anthu omwe ali ndi zaka 65 mpaka 70.
Zifukwa za matenda a Creutzfeldt-Jakob
Zakhazikitsidwa mwasayansi kuti matenda a Creutzfeldt-Jakob ndi matenda opatsirana. Zikudziwika kuti m'maselo a ubongo a ubongo ndi maselo ena a thupi la munthu palipirinanti yoyamba yamapuloteni, omwe ntchito zake sizikudziwika lero.
Mapuloteni osadziwika opatsirana, omwe alowetsa thupi la munthu, amalowerera mu ubongo ndi magazi, kumene amapezeka m'matumbo. Kuwonjezera apo, chifuwa chachikulu, chokumana nacho ndi mapuloteni achibadwa a maselo a ubongo, chimayambitsa kusintha kwake, monga momwe zotsatirazi zimasinthira pang'onopang'ono kukhala mawonekedwe a tizilombo tofanana ndi matenda opatsirana. Zithunzi zosavomerezeka zimapangika ndi imfa komanso neuronal imfa.
Kutenga ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tingathe kuchitika motere:
- pamene amachiza matenda (kachikopa, khungu la diso, chipolopolo cholimba cha ubongo);
- kupyolera mu zipangizo zosavomerezeka zosamalidwa;
- ndi kuika magazi;
- ndi kuyambitsa mankhwala osokoneza bongo (gonadotropin ya munthu, somatotropin);
- pamene mukudya nyama ya odwala kapena odwala matenda (ng'ombe, mbuzi, etc.).
Komanso, chimodzi mwa zifukwa zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ndizoyimira zamoyo zomwe zimagwirizana ndi kusintha kwa majini. Matenda ena a matendawa ali ndi chiyambi chosadziwika.
Zizindikiro za matenda a Creutzfeldt-Jakob
Matenda a Creutzfeldt-Jakob amakhala ndi nthawi yaitali yowonjezereka, yomwe imakhudzana ndi nthawi yomwe mavitamini opatsirana amatha kulowa m'magulu a ubongo ndi kusintha kwa majeremusi m'zinthu zamakono zimapezeka. Kodi njirazi zatha nthawi yaitali bwanji zimadalira njira ya matenda. Choncho, pamene matenda a ubongo ali ndi zida zopanda matenda, matendawa amatha patapita miyezi 15 mpaka 20, ndipo mankhwalawa amayamba, patapita zaka 12.
Ambiri mwa matenda a Creutzfeldt-Jakob akupita patsogolo pang'ono. Pali magawo atatu a matendawa, omwe amadziwika ndi zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana:
1. Gawo la zizindikiro zowonjezereka:
- kukwiya;
- kuvutika kuika;
- mutu ;
- chizungulire;
- zovuta za kugona;
- kuchepa kwachithunzi;
- kusintha kwa mayankho a khalidwe;
- mantha a mantha;
- zochitika zozizwitsa;
- kusakhazikika kwachinyengo;
- kuphwanya kuwerengetsa ntchito, kuwerenga.
2. Gawo la mawonetseredwe am'chipatala omwe amapezeka:
- spastic paralysis (ya m'munsi kapena m'mapazi apamwamba, theka la thupi);
- chisokonezo cha kugwirizana kwa kayendetsedwe kaufulu;
- matenda a khunyu ;
- kupweteka kwa minofu;
- chisokonezo; athetosis;
- myoclonus;
- mavuto;
- zovuta zokhudzidwa.
3. Pakati pachithunzi - chodziwika ndi dementia yozama, imene odwala ali mu chiwerewere, osagwirizana. Pali mphamvu ya atrophy yolimba, hyperkinesia, kumeza matenda, kuthekera kwa hyperthermia ndi matenda a khunyu.
Chithandizo ndi zotsatira za matenda a Creutzfeldt-Jakob
Matendawa nthawi zonse amapha imfa. Chiyembekezo cha moyo wa odwala ambiri sichiposa chaka chimodzi kuchokera pamene matendawa ayamba. Pakadali pano, njira zothandizira ena ndizo zowonjezereka, ndipo odwala amalandira chithandizo chokhalitsa.