Maholide achi Muslim si ochuluka kwambiri, koma okhulupirira amawalemekeza ndikuyesera kukwaniritsa miyambo yonse yovomerezeka kwa aliyense ndikuchulukitsa ntchito zabwino.
Maholide akuluakulu achi Muslim
Poyamba, malamulo okondwerera maholide achi Muslim adayikidwa ndi Mtumiki Muhammad mwiniwake. Iye analetsa Asilamu okhulupirika kuti azikondwerera kupambana kwa zipembedzo ndi zikhalidwe zina, chifukwa chikondwererochi chikanathandiza zikhulupiriro zolakwika. Munthu amene amachita nawo phwando lachikhulupiliro china, mwiniwake amalowa nawo ndipo amakhala gawo la chipembedzo ichi. Kukondwerera panthawiyi, Asilamu anapatsidwa masiku awiri pachaka, omwe adakhala maholide ambiri achipembedzo cha Muslim. Izi ndi Eid al-Fitr kapena Uraza-Bayram , komanso Eid al-Adha kapena Kurban Bairam.
Tiyeneranso kukumbukira kuti kalendala ya zikondwerero za Muslim ndikumangiriza kalendala ya mwezi, kuyambira kwa tsiku malinga ndi zomwe mu Islam zikuwerengedwa kuyambira madzulo. Choncho, maholide onse a Chiislamu samagwirizana ndi masiku ena, ndipo masiku a chikondwerero chawo amawerengedwa chaka ndi chaka malinga ndi kayendetsedwe ka mwezi kumwamba.
Uraza-Bayram (Eid al-Fitr) ndi imodzi mwa maholide akuluakulu achi Muslim. Tsiku lino likuimira kutha kwa mwezi, mwambo wa mwezi wachisanu ndi chinayi. Mweziwu umatchedwa Ramadan, ndipo kusala ndi Uraza. Uraza-Bayram imakondwerera tsiku loyamba la mwezi wa 10 - Shavvala - ndipo ndi tsiku losweka, kusiya Asilamu mofulumira.
Kurban-Bayram (Eid al-Adha) - osakhalanso tchuthi lachi Muslim. Amakondwerera masiku angapo ndipo amayamba tsiku lakhumi la mwezi wa khumi ndi umodzi. Ndilo tchuthi lopereka nsembe, lero tsiku lililonse Muslim Muslim ayenera kubweretsa nsembe yamagazi, mwachitsanzo, kugwa nkhosa kapena ng'ombe.
Maholide ena achi Muslim mu chaka
Kuwonjezera pa zikondwerero ziwiri zazikuru, panthawi yambiri, kalendala ya Muslim idakwaniritsidwanso ndi masiku ena a zikondwerero, zomwe poyamba zinkaganiziridwa kuti ndizosaiwalika masiku a anthu enieni achipembedzo.
Chofunika kwambiri pakati pawo chinali masiku monga:
- Chaka chatsopano pa Hijra (kalendala ya mwezi, chaka chatsopano cha Muslim);
- Ashura - tsiku lachikhululukiro cha Muslim Imam Al-Hussein ibn Ali, yemwe adali mdzukulu wa Mtumiki Muhammad; Mawlid - holide ya tsiku la kubadwa kwa Mtumiki Muhammad;
- Leylat al-Ragaib kapena Night Ragaib - kukumbukira tsiku la ukwati wa makolo a Mohammed, komanso kugona kwake;
- Miraj ndilo tchuthi kulemekeza ulendo wa Muhammadi kuchokera Makka kupita ku Yerusalemu, zomwe adazichita pa nyama ya ku Burak;
- Lailat al-Bara kapena Night Baraat ndi usiku wa chilengedwe, pamene Asilamu amapempherera machimo a machimo ndikukumbukira akufa;
- Laylat al-Qadr - usiku wa kukonzedweratu, pamene Mneneri Muhammadi "adatsitsidwa" ndi Qur'an;
- Tsiku Arafat - tsiku lomaliza la Hajj, ndiko ulendo wa ku Makka;
- Nauryz ndi tsiku lachilimwe lokhazikika , lilibe chiyanjano chokhazikika ndi chikhulupiriro, koma likukondwerera m'mayiko ambiri achi Islam.
Kuwonjezera apo, ziyenera kuzindikiranso masiku ofunika kwambiri muzomwe zimapangidwa chaka ndi chaka monga mwezi wa Ramadan kapena Ramazan, womwe umadziwika ndi kusala kudya, komanso Juma, mlungu uliwonse, womwe ndi Lachisanu.
Maholide achi Muslim amakondwereredwa osati ndi zikondwerero, chimwemwe ndi zokondweretsa. Kwa Muslim, holide iliyonse ndi mwayi wochulukitsa ntchito zabwino zomwe zidzafanizidwe ndi zoipa pa Tsiku la Chiweruzo. Chikondwerero chachisilamu ndicho, choyamba, mwayi wopembedza mwakhama komanso kukwaniritsa mwambo wonse woperekedwa ndi chipembedzo. Kuwonjezera apo, masiku ano Asilamu amapereka mphatso zachifundo, yesetsani kusangalatsa anthu onse ozungulira, kuphatikizapo alendo, kupereka mphatso kwa achibale ndi abwenzi, yesetsani kusakhumudwitsa aliyense.