Kumwa ulimi wothirira - kumvetsetsa ziganizo zamtundu woterewu?

Anthu ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito ulimi wothirira kuti azithirira mbewu pa chiwembu chawo, ndipo akhoza kupanga bungwe pawokha. Icho chimapangidwa ndi zigawo zingapo, zomwe ziyenera kusankhidwa, zotsatiridwa ndi malamulo ena ndi zina. Ali ndi zofooka zingapo.

Kukonzekera kwa kuyamwa ulimi wothirira

Dzina limeneli limamveka ngati chipangizo cha nthambi zamadzi, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popereka madzi ku mizu ya zomera. Anthu ambiri amasangalala ndi momwe ntchito yochepetsera imadzichepetsera, choncho, ntchitoyi ndi yophweka: madzi amalowa m'mipope kuchokera ku chitoliro cha madzi kapena pompu kuchokera pachitsime, kenako amapita ku zomera. Ndikofunika kulingalira za ndondomeko ya ulimi wothirira ndi madzi, chinthu chachikulu ndichoti wiring ndi yosavuta, koma yothandiza.

Zida zothandizira kuthirira

Kuika ulimi wa ulimi uwu ndi ntchito yosavuta, ndipo aliyense angathe kuthana ndi vutoli ngati akufuna. Kupaka ulimi wothirira mu wowonjezera kutentha komanso kunja kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zidazi: pomp, tambala ya valve, lipenga, timer, tepi, zopangira, zowonongeka ndi zina zotero. Ndikofunikira kuyandikira kusankha kwa chinthu chilichonse moyenera, kuti chipangizocho chigwiritse ntchito molondola komanso mosasokonezeka.

Kuthira kwa kuyamwa ulimi wothirira

Pali zinthu zingapo zofunika zomwe muyenera kuziganizira pakusankha malo oyenera.

1. Ambiri akudabwa ndi mtundu wanji wa mapiritsi omwe alipo chifukwa cha ulimi wothirira m'madzi kutalika, ndipo motero, chigawochi chimalowa malire kuchokera ku 1.5 mpaka 100 mamita.
2. Mimbayi imadalira kupyolera. Kwa pulogalamu yaitali mumasowa lalikulu mwake. Mtengo wapatali ndi 13 mm.
3. Moyo wa utumiki wa payipi umadalira zinthu zomwe amapangidwa, choncho chotchuka kwambiri ndi vinyl PVC ndi mphira. Njira yachiwiri ndi yabwino kwambiri.
4. Pulogalamuyi ili ndi malire omwe amatha kupirira. Mwachitsanzo, mitundu yotsitsimutsa ndi ya 5-6 bar, ndi wosanjikiza - osaposa 2 bar.
5. Sankhani mapepala omwe sangasokonezeke osati kutentha kokha, koma ndi kuchepetsa kutentha, kuti asawonongeke m'nyengo yozizira. Bwino kugula zosankha zosavuta, chifukwa sizingatheke maluwa.

Tepizani kuti muchepetse ulimi wothirira

Ambiri amaluwa okonza ulimi wothirira amasankha tepi yomwe imapangitsa kuti ikhale yabwino komanso yabwino kwambiri. Dera lalikulu la zosankha zambiri ndi 22 ndi 16 mm. Mapaipi akhoza kukhala ndi makulidwe osiyana, okwana 15ml - abwino pa malo okhala miyala, ndi njira yotchuka kwambiri - 6 ml. Ndondomeko yothirira madzi ikhoza kukhala ndi matepi awa:

1. Labyrinth. Tepi yotsika mtengo imakhala ndi mawonekedwe ofanana ndi zigzag, zomwe zimachepetsa liwiro la madzi. Madzi mkati mwawo amawombera bwino, koma pali chinthu chimodzi chofunika - simungathe kukwaniritsa ulimi wothirira.
2. Chilengedwe. Baibulo lamakono, lomwe ndi losavuta kuyala ndipo limathandiza kuyendetsa ulimi wothirira. Kuti mugwire bwino, payenera kukhala madzi apamwamba, kotero muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mafyuluta.
3. Emitter. Njira yabwino kwambiri komanso yodalirika, yomwe imatsutsana ndi kuipitsidwa. Tepi ikhoza kubwezeredwa komanso yopanda malipiro. Muyeso yoyamba, kutalika kwa tepi sikukhudza madzi othamanga, ndipo kachiwiri, mosiyana.

Zipangizo zothandizira kuthirira

Pali chiwerengero chachikulu cha zinthu zosiyana ndi zigawo zomwe ziri zofunika kuti zisonkhanitse machitidwe ovuta kwambiri ndi zoperewera zochepa. Ndikofunika kumvetsetsa momwe ulimi wothirira umakonzedwa kuti udziwe kuchuluka kwa zinthu zofunika pa malo ena. Pali ziwerengero zambiri zomwe muyenera kuziganizira posankha.

1. Kupanga mafakitale apamwamba a polyethylene, omwe angakhale apamwamba ndi apamwamba. Njira yoyamba ndi yapamwamba kwambiri, ndipo ikukwaniritsa miyezo yonse ya boma.
2. Zonse zazomwezi ziyenera kukhala zosalala ndipo zisakhale ndi zovuta.
3. Lamulo lina lofunikira pakusankha zoyenera - mapeto a nkhope zoyenera ziyenera kukhala zogwirizana kwambiri ndi zogwirizana.

Kupaka ulimi wothirira kumapangitsa kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zosiyana, ndipo katundu wambiri ndi woyenera phala diameters ya 3/4 ". Nazi zina zodziwika bwino:

1. Choyamba chaching'ono. Amagwirizanitsa chitoliro chachikulu ndi tepi yotaya. Zisindikizo zowonjezera sizimayenera kuzigwiritsidwa ntchito.
2. Yoyambira ndi ntchentche. Kuonjezera kuchulukitsa kwa kupopera chitoliro cha ulimi wothirira kuli kupanikizika kwapadera, ndipo tepiyo imayikidwiratu mwachizolowezi.
3. Kutseka kwa tee. Gwiritsani ntchito njirayi yoyenera kutsimikizira matepi a dongosolo, malingana ndi malo a mabedi. Ikugwirizanitsa matepi atatu mu dongosolo limodzi.
4. Adapita. Kuyenerera kumaikidwa kuti agwirizane tepi ndi chitoliro. Nkhuta imasindikizidwa.
5. Yambani kugwedeza ndi kulumikiza. Onetsetsani motere pa chitoliro chachikulu cha pulasitiki, ndipo kupopera kumateteza chisamalirocho.

Sakanizani chifukwa cha ulimi wothirira

Posankha fyuluta, muyenera kuganizira chiwongolero ndipo chizindikiro ichi chikuwonetsa fyuluta yokha. Chigawochi chimalowa malire kuyambira 3 mpaka 100 mamita ³ / h. Dziwani kuti kupyolera kwa fyulutayo kuyenera kukhala kwakukulu kuposa kuchuluka kwa madzi omwe mpope ikhoza kupereka. Kupaka ulimi wothirira kwa nyumba zazing'ono kungaphatikizepo mitundu iwiri ya fyuluta:

1. Zosungidwa. Zokwanira kusamba madzi kuchokera ku madzi kapena chitsime. Iwo ali ndi gridi yomwe imagwira zochepa zazing'ono zamchere, mwachitsanzo, mchenga, dothi, ndi zina zotero.
2. Disk. Chophimba chotsegulayi ndi njira yabwino kwambiri, yomwe ndi yokwera mtengo, koma imakhala yothandiza komanso yodalirika. Zosefera zazitsulo ndizozungulira, ndipo zimachedwetsa zosafunika zonse za organic ndi mineral. Kuwonjezera kwina - iwo ndi osavuta kuyeretsa.

Malire kwa ulimi wothirira

Kuti muwongole dongosolo, mukhoza kukhazikitsa timer, yomwe mungathe kuyendetsa bwino njirayo. Njira yothirira madzi ya wowonjezera kutentha komanso malo otseguka ingakhale ndi nthawi yotere:

1. Buku kapena makina. Ntchito ya timer iyi imafuna kuyang'aniridwa nthawi zonse. Iwo ataya kufunikira kwawo ndi kubwera kwa chipangizo chodzidzimutsa.
2. Mwachangu. Kupaka ulimi wothirira kumachitika malinga ndi ndondomekoyi. Chipangizochi chikhoza kulamulira kuchulukitsa kwa madzi omwe adzathere pa ulimi wothirira. Njirayi ndi yothandiza kwambiri wowonjezera kutentha.

Pampu wothirira madzi

Gulani pampu ngati mukufuna madzi kuchokera ku gombe kapena dziwe. Ndikofunika kuti madziwa asungidwe usanayambe ulimi wothirira. Kuwombera mmunda kumatanthawuza kugula mpope, zomwe ziyenera kudziwa kukula kwake, kutalika ndi mtunda umene madzi adzadyetsedwa. Mitundu yayikulu ya mapampu:

1. Kutulutsa madzi kapena mbali. Kutalika kwazitali ndi 1.2 mamita. Zili ndi zolemera zochepa, zowonongeka mu fyuluta ndi olamulira.
2. Kunena zoona. Zimagwira ntchito mozama mamita 10. Pakuika mapampu oterewa, sangathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito, chifukwa chifukwa cha kukakamiza, makoma a payipi amatha kuchepetsa ndi kulepheretsa kupeza madzi, zomwe zingayambitse kuperewera.
3. Kusamba. Gwiritsani ntchito njirayi pamene madzi amachokera ku matupi a madzi owonongeka, ndipo ndi oyenera kudzaza matanki omwe madzi amatha kudyetsa mu ulimi wothirira madzi ndi mpweya wina kapena kuthamanga. Ili ndi mutu waukulu.
4. Kusungunuka. Mapampu awa akhoza kukhala centrifugal ndi kugwedeza. Ntchito yawo yaikulu ndi mwayi wopereka madzi kuchokera mozama. Kwa centrifugal chizindikirocho ndi mamita 50, ndipo zimagwedeza - mamita 200.

Mitundu yothirira madzi

Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ulimi wothirira mowa, womwe uli ndi maonekedwe awo komanso mfundo zawo. Mutha kukhazikitsa ulimi wothirira mozemba osati mwadzidzidzi, koma njira yoyamba ndi yabwino kwambiri.

1. Pulogalamu yamapiritsi. Chinthu chachikulu ndicho chitoliro cholimba chomwe chingathe kulimbana ndi mphamvu ya 3 atm. Chifukwa cha izi, n'zotheka kuyendetsa madzi kutalika. Emitters kapena droppers amaikidwa pafupipafupi. Nthaŵi zambiri, kuthamanga kwake ndi 1-2 l / h.
2. Chojambulira tepi. Tepiyi imamangirizidwa pa payipi yaikulu. Kutalika kwa mzere wothirira kumatha kufika mamita 450. Pogwiritsa ntchito njirayi, imatha kufika 500 l / h.
3. Zida zamkati zamkati. Kudiririra kumachitidwa mothandizidwa ndi madontho ndi ma jets, omwe mphamvu zawo zingathe kulamulidwa. Mankhwalawa amaikidwa kunja kwa mapaipi kapena nthambi zowakwiriridwa.

Momwe mungapangire ulimi wothirira?

Gwiritsani ntchito ulimi wothirira madzi pamtunda ndi manja awo. Poyamba ndi bwino kuwapanga pamabedi angapo, ndikuwonjezeranso kale m'munda wonsewo. Pali langizo losavuta, momwe mungapangire ulimi wothirira nokha:

1. Pulogalamuyi imagwirizana ndi madzi. Ndikofunika kuyika fyuluta yomwe imasunga dothi.
2. Pogwiritsira ntchito awl mu payipi, mabowo ang'onoang'ono amapangidwa, ndipo pamapeto pake pulasitiki imayikidwa.
3. Otsitsa kapena emitters ayenera kuikidwa mwa iwo.

Kuipa kwa kuthirira ulimi wothirira

Chotsimikiziridwa ndi chisankho cha ulimi wothirira, m'pofunika kuganizira osati ubwino wokha, komanso kuipa.

1. Ndondomeko ya ulimi wothirira movutikira imatha kusungunuka ndi zinthu zowonongeka za mankhwala ndi mankhwala, komanso mbali zina za zomera.
2. Ngati kuyerekezera ndi njira yosakanikirana, mtengo wa kuthirira madzi okwanira ndi wapamwamba.
3. Mapapu ndi mapepala a ulimi wothirira zimakhala zovuta kwa tizirombo, mwachitsanzo, makoswe ndi nkhumba zakutchire.
4. Kawirikawiri moyo wa machitidwewa sapitirira zaka ziwiri. Pamene zikutayika, ziwalozo ziyenera kusinthidwa, zomwe zimafuna ndalama.

Kugwiritsa ntchito madzi pa nthawi yothirira

Powerengera zizindikiro za dongosolo, nkofunika kulingalira za chinyezi kwa nthawi yochepa. Chiwongolero cha kuthirira madzi ayenera kutsogoleredwa ndi kufunika kwa chikhalidwe mu chinyezi, mtundu ndi mtundu wa dothi, liwiro ndi kuchuluka kwa madzi akumwa kuchokera ku gwero ndi kutalika kwa galimoto. Malingana ndi mtundu wa madzi otuluka, pali mitundu itatu ya emitters:

1. 0,6-0,8 l / h. Njirayi ndi yoyenera kwa mizere yayitali ndipo mkati mwake madzi akudya mofanana. Sankhani zikhale zomera zomwe zimafuna kuchepetsa kuchepetsa. Mtengo woterewu ukulimbikitsidwa kuti zitsimikizidwe zochepa zochokera ku madzi.
2. 1-1.5 l / h. Mtundu womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito pa nthaka yowonongeka. Ndalama zambiri.
3. 2-3,8 l / h. Ikani njirayi pamtunda wa mchenga ndipo ili yoyenera zomera zomwe zili ndi mizu yamphamvu. Uku ndiko madzi ambiri.