Mabanja omwe amasankha kulandira ana saganizira kaye kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri ka magulu a magazi kuti abereke pathupi, makamaka ngati atatha kulandira zotsatira zabwino. Ndipo pokhapokha ngati pali zolephereka nthawi zonse, ndi nthawi yoganizira za zifukwa. Imodzi mwa zolephereka zoterozo ndi zosagwirizana ndi zibwenzi pa nthawi yogona. Kusagwirizana kwa okwatirana mu gulu la magazi ndipo Rh factor ndi lingaliro losavomerezeka, chifukwa ndi kugonana kulikonse komwe kuli kotheka. Chinthu china ndi chakuti kusakaniza magulu osiyanasiyana a magazi ndi rhesus kungapangitse kuti pakhale mimba.
Kulumikizana kwa magazi pathupi
Zachigawo zazikulu za magazi zomwe zimakhudza nthawi ya mimba ndi gulu la magazi ndi Rh factor (Rh). Kugwirizana kwa magazi panthawi yomwe mwanayo ali ndi pakati - magulu a magazi omwewo ndi Rh chifukwa cha onse awiri, koma izi si zachilendo. Chowopsa kwambiri kwa mwana wosabadwa ndi kusagwirizana kwa Rh factor panthawi yoyembekezera.
The Rh factor ndi mapuloteni (antigen) omwe ali pamwamba pa maselo ofiira a erythrocyte, ndipo anthu omwe ali ndi antigen amatchedwa Rh-positive, ndipo alibe Rh-negative. Ngati mayi ali ndi nthenda yoipa ya Rh ndipo mwanayo amakhala ndi kachilombo kameneka kamene kamakhala ndi Rhesus yabwino, thupi la amayi limayamba kupanga ma antibodies motsutsana ndi erythrocytes wa embryo (ma erythrocytes a fetus mosavuta alowa mkati mwa thupi la mayi kupyolera pamtanda wovuta).
Kusagwirizana kotere pakati pa mayi ndi mwana kungabweretse padera panthawi yoyambirira, imfa ya fetus m'kati mwake kapena kukula kwa matenda a hemolytic a mwana wakhanda. Mu matenda a hemolytic, erythrocyte wa fetus amawonongeka, kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi, chiwindi chakulitsidwa ndipo bilirubin mlingo wa magazi a mwana wakhanda umawonjezeka.
Kusagwirizana kwa magulu a magazi pamene ali ndi mimba ndi kochepa kwambiri ndipo kumawonetsa ngati matenda a hemolytic a mwana wobadwa.
Momwe mungatsogolere mimba ndi zosagwirizana ndi gulu la magazi ndi Rh factor?
Ngati amayi omwe alibe HIV akukonzekera kutenga mimba, ayenera kuyang'ana kuchuluka kwa maselo ena m'magazi ku Rh factor. Pambuyo pa kumayambiriro kwa mimba, kuchokera masabata 7 mwezi uliwonse muyenera kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa maselo a m'magazi musanafike. Pambuyo pa kubala, mkati mwa maola 72, m'pofunikira kufotokoza immunoglobulin antiresusive, yomwe imalepheretsa kupanga ma antibodies mu thupi la mayi pamene magazi a fetus amalowa m'thupi.
Kulumikizana kwa abwenzi pa pathupi
Chifukwa chosagwirizanirana ndi abwenzi angadziŵike ndi kuyezetsa kugonana, komwe kumatchedwa testco postcoital. Chiyesochi chimachitika mu gawo la ovulation, malinga ndi zofunikira izi:
- ndizofunikira masiku atatu kuti musiye kugonana;
- Asanayambe kuchita zachiwerewere amachititsa njira zowonongeka, ndipo asanati apite kwa dokotala kuti asapange sering'i;
- Musatuluke pabedi mukatha kugonana kwa mphindi makumi atatu, kuyika chophimba choyera kuti muteteze kuwonongeka kwa madzi;
- kwa mayi wa mayi sayenera kubwera msinkhu oposa maola asanu ndi limodzi ndipo pasanathe maola 12 mutagonana.
Pofuna kudziwa momwe angagwiritsire ntchito makondomu a pathupi, tengani nyemba kuchokera pachibelekero, muzigwiritse ntchito pakati pa zithunzi ziwiri ndikuyang'ana pa microscope. Ganizirani kusagwirizana kwa ntchentche, crystallization, extensibility ndi pH ya sing'anga.
Chiwerengero cha spermatozoa motility kuchokera pa "A" mpaka "G" chikuchitika:
- digiri "A" ikugwirizana ndi kuyenda bwino kwabwino;
- digiri "B" kuyenda ndizowonongeka, zowonongeka komanso zopanda malire;
- digiri "B" kuyenda osati yopita patsogolo;
- digiri "G" spermatozoa imatha.
Kugwirizana kwa omwe ali ndi zibwenzi zogonana sikuthekanso ndi motility ya spermatozoa "B" ndi "G"; wandiweyani, wamtundu, wa crystallizing kervical mucus ndi wowawasa mtundu wa sing'anga.
Ngati simukulephera kutenga mimba musataye mtima, chifukwa mankhwala amakono ali ndi zida zambiri zothandizira mabanja omwe alibe ana. Njira ngati intrauterine insemination kapena in vitro fetereza zidzathandiza mabanja osabereka kuthetsa vuto losagwirizana pa nthawi yomwe mwanayo ali ndi pakati komanso kupeza mwana amene akuyembekezera kwa nthawi yayitali.