Aliyense wa ife amadziwa bwino chikhalidwe monga mphesa. Mphesa ndi mabulosi abwino kwambiri omwe aliyense amakonda, kuchokera kwa ana aang'ono mpaka akuluakulu. Koma, kuwonjezera apo, ndi chomera chokongola kwambiri chomwe chimakongoletsa ndi kumapanga malo onse, osatchuka kwambiri. Pa chifukwa ichi, ambiri amamera mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mphesa pa malo awo. Koma sikuti aliyense amadziwa kulima mphesa pa dacha yawo.
Kubzala ndi kusamalira mphesa m'dzinja
Ziyenera kunyalidwa m'maganizo kuti n'zotheka kudzala mphesa m'dzinja kokha mu nthaka yosungunuka bwino. Nthaŵi yabwino kwambiri yobzala mphesa mu kugwa imakhala pakatikati pa mapeto a Oktoba, mungathe kubzala ndi mtsogolo, koma muyenera kukhala ndi nthawi isanakhale yoyamba chisanu.
Konzani chodzala cha mphesa m'dzinja
Pofuna kubzala mphesa m'dzinja, m'pofunika kukonzekera maenje pasanapite nthawi yobzala. Ndibwino kuti tipeze maenje pakati pa chilimwe kuti dziko likhoza kukhazikika bwino. Kukula kwa maenje ayenera kukhala pafupifupi masentimita 80-100 pa 80-100 masentimita. Pamene mutsikira pansi pa dzenje, muyenera kutsanulira masentimita 15 a zong'amba, muyeso ndi kuwononga.
Kenaka muyenera kukhazikitsa ngalande ya ulimi wothirira. Timatenga chitoliro cha pulasitiki chokhala ndi masentimita asanu, timachimangirira mumphepete mwa kum'mwera kwa dzenje kuti masentimita 10 apakati, ndi masentimita 10 pamwamba pa nthaka.
Kenaka timagona m'magawo: nthaka yakuda (masentimita 15), humus (2 zidebe), 200 g superphosphate ndi 150 g potaziyamu feteleza (mofanana anabalalitsa mu dzenje), kachiwiri wakuda lapansi. Ndipo ife kubwereza ndondomeko: chernozem, humus, fetereza ndi kachiwiri chernozem. Zonsezi ndizotsika kwambiri, izi ndi zofunika kuti mthunzi wa padziko lapansi usasokoneze mizu ya mphesa. Pambuyo pa njira zonsezi tili ndi dzenje la pafupifupi 40-45 cm.
Kenaka, pakati pa dzenje, phokoso laling'ono la nthaka yobzala limatayika ndi lopanda madzi, madzi sayenera kukhala oposa malita atatu. Koma kumbukirani - ngati mumakhala m'madera ouma, madzi amatha kukula ndikufika ku zidebe ziwiri.
Kenaka, timatenga mmera, yomwe mizu yake idalumikizidwa ndi "boltushke" ya dongo ndikuyiyika pansi pa dzenje, yokutidwa ndi nthaka (pafupifupi masentimita 15). Mukamabzala, nkofunika kwambiri kufalitsa mizu yonse, mmerawo uyenera kufalitsidwa ndi impso kumpoto, ndipo chitsulo chiyenera kukhala kum'mwera (komwe madzi akumwa).
Ndi kubzala uku, mizu ya mphesa ili pamtunda wa 30-40 masentimita. Izi ndi zokwanira kuteteza kambewu kakang'ono kuti kadzakhale mazira pa chisanu.
Malamulo obzala mphesa m'dzinja ndi osiyana kwambiri ndi kasupe kubzala. M'dzinja, ndikofunikira kupanga mbeu ya mbande. Pochita izi, kuzungulira mmera, muyenera kutsanulira phiri pafupifupi 23 masentimita.
M'dzinja, simungakhoze kubzala mbande zokhala ndi mphesa, komanso kuika chitsamba chachikulu. Kuika kumatheka pambuyo pa tsamba lakugwa.
Pachifukwachi, chitsambachi chiyenera kusungidwa mosamala, kuti chisawononge tsinde lake ndikuyesa kusunga mizu yambiri mumasungidwe ake. Kenaka, timadula mizu ndi 20-30 masentimita, ndipo ena (okhala ndi mawotchi amawononga), kudula kuti achotse gawo lomwe lawonongeka.
Pazitsamba mutuluke manja awiri ali ndi zizindikiro zotsatilapo pazigawo ziwiri, ngati mizu ili bwino kwambiri, koma ngati mizu yayipa kwambiri, ndiye kuti mphukira yapamwamba iyenera kudulidwa ku "mutu wakuda". Kenaka ife timasintha chitsamba molingana ndi sayansi ya kubzala mbewu.
Kubzala kwa chibouks (cuttings) wa mphesa m'dzinja sikuchitika konse. Mu autumn ndizotheka kukonzekera cuttings kwa dzinja yosungirako, ndipo mu kasupe iwo akhoza kubzalidwa.