Frost ikuyandikira, zikutanthauza kuti ndi nthawi yosankha malaya a nkhosa.
Kusankha malaya a nkhosa amtengo wapatali, simukudziwa malamulo oyenera okha oti musankhe, koma mungapewe mayesero okhutira ndi 50% otchedwa "maso okongola," komanso mutha kukana zovuta zowonjezereka za malaya a nkhosa. Tidzakambirana mwatsatanetsatane zomwe tiyenera kuziganizira posankha malaya a nkhosa.
Mtengo
Mwatsoka, mtengo wamtengo wapatali siwotsimikizirika wa khalidwe lapamwamba, koma pali mtengo wotsika mtengo wa malaya abwino a khungu. Kodi mungagule chovala cha chikopa cha nkhosa popanda kuchipilira malipiro komanso osagwidwa ndi nyambo zachabechabe?
Mtengo wotsika wa zikopa za nkhosa umaphatikizapo mtengo wa zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, mtengo wa ntchito, kayendedwe ndi zolemba za sitolo (sizikutheka).
Mwachibadwa, chovala cha nkhosa chamtengo wapatali sichingakhale chotchipa kusiyana ndi mtengo wa zikopa zabwino.
Pamene wogulitsa akukupatsani "mwayi wodabwitsa" wogula malaya abwino a nkhosa ku chikopa cha nkhosa cha ku Spain pamtengo wa 330 y. e., ndibwino kuganizira, zomwe zimagwira. Zovala zazing'ono kuchokera ku Spanish zipangizo sizidzapitirira zosakwana 650 y. e., ngakhale atapangidwa ndi munthu wotchuka wa ku Turkey, ndipo makamaka ngati atsekedwa ku France kapena ku Spain mwiniwake. Ngati chikopa cha nkhosa chimaikidwa mu Italy, uyenera kulipira kawiri kapena katatu.
Chimodzi mwa zipangizo zamtengo wapatali kwambiri ndi khungu la nkhosa la Tuscan. Sungasokonezeke ndi chirichonse: ubweya ndi wofewa, kuwala, ndizosangalatsa kuupakira. Nkhaniyi imakhala mwaulemu ndipo imapanga chikondwerero chokwanira. Ndi khungu la nkhosa ya Tuscan yomwe imakhala ndi mulu wandiweyani komanso wautali, choncho zotsalira zake zimakhala zotentha kwambiri. Chifukwa cha kukongola konseku ayenera kulipira osachepera 1300 y. e. (ngakhale kuganizira malonda).
Malaya amkati otsika mtengo amapangidwa ku Russia, China ndi Turkey - kwa 460-530 y. e) Mungagule chovala chabwino kwambiri cha nkhosa cha wopanga nyama. Mwachibadwa, sizingakhale zophweka komanso zokondweretsa monga zitsanzo kuchokera ku European manufacturers, koma otentha.
Kutsirizitsa ndi ubweya kumabweretsa mtengo wogulitsa ndi 150-500 y. e (malingana ndi kuchuluka kwa ubweya wake). Makamaka msewu umakongoletsedwa ndi ubweya wa mink: pakuti khungu limodzi la kuswana laching'ono lopanga wopanga ayenera kupereka 70 cu. Pa nthawi yomweyi, munthu sangathe kuchita ndi khungu limodzi pomaliza malaya a nkhosa.
Fur
Kodi mungasankhe bwanji chovala cha nkhosa chamtengo wapatali popanda kugwiriridwa ndi nthano zofanana? Pali malingaliro ochuluka a momwe ubweya uyenera kuyang'ana mkati mwa malaya a chikopa. Zomwe anthu ambiri amakhulupirira zimanena kuti: Tsitsi la chikopa cha nkhosa liyenera kulunjika chimodzimodzi ndipo liyenera kukhala chimodzimodzi mkati mwa mkati mwa mankhwala.
Mfundo ndi yakuti palibe zikopa zofanana! Mwachibadwa, pakupanga chogwirira, ambuye amasankha zofanana kwambiri mu ubweya ndi ubweya wa ubweya, koma ngakhale pakhungu la nyama imodzi kutsogolo kwa nap kumasiyana. Ndipo izi sizikutanthauza kuti ana a nkhosa opangidwa ndi chikopa cha nkhosa sali bwino. Zili zenizeni, zachirengedwe. Ubweya wokongoletsera wokhawokha ukhoza kukhala chimodzimodzi m'madera onse.
Nthano ziwiri: kuchokera ku chikopa cha nkhosa sayenera kusiya tsitsi limodzi, ngakhale pa masokosi. Apo ayi, pali chifukwa cholankhulira za ubweya wakale wa nkhosa wodwala, katundu wamtengo wapatali kapena kupanga mwakabisira.
Mwachidziwikire, ngati, atavala chovala chako cha nkhosa, zovala zako zimakhala zochepa kwambiri, sungathe kunena za mtundu wa mankhwalawo. Koma simukufunika kupita patali kwambiri ndi ndodo. Mu ubweya uliwonse umene umakhala ndi mulu wautali ndi wautali, tsitsi lochepa limatha: pamene zikopa za nkhosa zimapangidwa kuti zinyamulidwe, tsitsi limatha kukhala litakwinya. M'tsogolomu, pamene kukhudzana ndi zovala za wogula, tsitsi lodulidwa lingagwe. Kuonjezerapo, popanga nsalu za nkhosa, gawo la ubweya umene udzasulidwa uyenera kumeta (iyi ndiyo njira yokhayo yomwe mungapezere msoko wamtengo wapatali), ndipo mbali yaing'ono ya tsitsi lovekedwa kale ikhoza kukhalabe pamtengowo ngakhale atangoyamba kuyeretsa ndi kutuluka panthawi yoyenera.
Kumayima
Azimayi onse amadziwa momwe ubweya wa nkhosa umakhalira pazigawozi: ma seams ayenera kukhala ngakhale, yunifolomu mu makulidwe. Koma sikuti aliyense amadziwa kuti zigawozo ziyenera kukhala zowirikiza ziwiri ndikupita ku chikwama - ichi ndi msoko wotchedwa furrier, ndipo ndilo chizindikiro chachikulu kuti chovala cha nkhosa chinapangidwa ndi akatswiri, osati kudziphunzitsa okha mu mafakitale apansi.
Kuphimba
Kuti tiyankhe funso la momwe tingasankhire chovala cha nkhosa chomwe chidzatha ngati momwe tingathere, tipitanso khungu la mankhwalawa.
Mitundu yonse ya zikopa za nkhosa ingagawidwe mu malaya a nkhosa ndi zotsekemera komanso zotchedwa velor cover.
Zojambula zamoto ndizopukutidwa popanda chophimba. Kuonetsetsa kuti zikopazo zimangogwira ntchito yokhala ndi "zachilengedwe" zokhazokha
Koma chisankho cha mtundu woterechi chiyenera kutengedwa moyenera monga momwe zingathere: ngati pamwamba pake pamakhala kuwonjezeka tsitsi, ndiye kuti sikununkhidwe mokwanira. Mtundu woterewu umakhala wamyera.
Utoto uliwonse wa ubweya umafuna kusamaliranso mosamalitsa komanso mtima wosamala.
Chophimba choteteza chitetezo chidzakulitsa moyo wa chikopa cha nkhosa. Kuphimba kungakhale kokongola, kokhala ndi mamba, "pansi pa khungu". Kuphimba kulikonse kudzakhala ndi pores zazikulu zomwe zidzalola kayendetsedwe ka mpweya pakati pa kuvala ndi khungu la chikopa cha nkhosa.
Chinthu chokha chimene chiyenera kukumbukira mukamagula malaya a nkhosa: alangizi onse amanena, palibe chobvala chomwe chimapangitsa kuti madzi asamadzike. Nkhumba sizingakhoze kukhala ngati mvula, ndipo ngakhale "pansi pa khungu" kuvala sikusungunula mankhwalawo poyamwa chinyezi.