Ngati kulima mbewu, kubzala mbewu, kubzala - mafunso oterowo amadza kwa wamaluwa omwe akufuna kuona maluwa okongolawa mumaluwa awo. Chiwombankhanga cha ku Afrika chimawoneka ngati aang'ono, opangidwa ndi zofiira, za lalanje, zachikasu.
Ghatsania - kukula kuchokera ku mbewu
Wopambana gatsaniya - wodzichepetsa, koma kulima ndi kumusamalira ali ndi makhalidwe awo. Izi zimachokera ku nthawi yochepa yomwe imachokera ku kufesa, yomwe ikhoza kutenga miyezi inayi. Njira yowonjezera yowonjezera chamomile ya ku Africa ikubzala mbewu za mmera chifukwa cha mmera, mutatha kusamukira ku malo osatha. Ndiye chomeracho chimamasula kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe ndipo chimakondweretsa diso ndi chowala masamba mpaka woyamba chisanu. Alimi ena amanyamula zomera zokonzera zokhalamo m'nyengo yozizira, kuwasamalira kunyumba. M'chaka, gatsaniya kachiwiri ayenera kubzalidwa panja.
Kubzala mmera pa mbande
Mbalame za gazanii ndizosawerengera nthaka. Chikhalidwe sichinthu chokwanira kokha pa chophweka, dothi lolemera. Seeding wa mmera mbewu za mbande ingakhoze kuchitidwa mu sitolo iliyonse yoyambira yopanga kukula kwa maluwa. Mukhoza kupanga nthaka yosakaniza - kusakaniza mu mchenga wofanana, nthaka yamapiri ndi humus. Chomeracho chimakhala chabwino kwambiri kupyolera mu sieve yaikulu - idzakhala yowonjezereka komanso yowopsya.
Kodi ndi kofunika kuti muzitsitsa mbeu za kubzala musanadzalemo?
Mwachizolowezi chodzala mbewu za gatsaniya zogulidwa kuchokera kwa owonetsetsa, kutsimikiziridwa mwachindunji kumalo okonzeka nthaka osakaniza. Kusamalidwa kwa mbewu asanayambe kufesa sikofunikira. Koma ngati ubwino wa mbewu umapangitsa kukayikira, n'zotheka kupanga mavitamini awo - soak mu diluted potassium permanganate kwa mphindi 20-40, tsambani madzi oyera ndi owuma.
Kodi mungabzala bwanji gatsaniyu pa mbande molondola?
Bzalani gatsaniyu mosiyana pa njere iliyonse ya tangi kapena mapiritsi a peat , kotero kuti pamene kunyamula mopitirira sikuwononga mizu ya zomera. Ngati zatsimikiziridwa kugwiritsa ntchito chidebe chodziwika, ndiye kuti kusakaniza kwa nthaka kukonzedwa kumatsanulira mmenemo, mosakanizidwa wothira, ndi kupaka. Gatsaniya - ndibwino bwanji kubzala mbewu pa mbande:
- Mtunda pakati pa mbewu mu mizere ikhale 2-3 masentimita.
- Pamwamba, mbewuzo zimawaza mopepuka ndi 1 cm wakuda nthaka, sprayed ku mfuti.
- Zitsulo zomwe zili ndi mbewu zimaphimbidwa ndi chidziwitso cha cellophane ndipo zimayikidwa pamalo otentha otentha ndi kutentha kwa 18 ° C.
- Ventilate ndikupukuta condensate kuchokera ku cellophane mu wowonjezera kutentha kumene mumafunikira tsiku ndi tsiku.
Kodi kudzala gazaniyu pa mbande?
Pakubereka, kumera kuchokera ku mbewu, mutabzala pa mbande - nkhani yofunikira. Poona kuti maluwa akhala akukulirakulira kwa nthawi yaitali kuti awone masewera okongola m'chilimwe, mbewu ziyenera kudzazidwa mofulumira. Pofesa gatsanii pa mbande, nthawi yake imakhala yabwino - kuyambira kumayambiriro a March mpaka oyambirira a April. Kenaka mwezi wa Meyi, pamene nyengo imakhala ikulimbitsa, achinyamata akukula adzakhala amphamvu, olimba komanso okonzeka kusuntha. Mitengo imatha kuwona kumapeto kwa June - kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa July, idzatha mpaka kumapeto kwa autumn.
Amaluwa ena amakonda kubzala mbewu khatsaniya kumayambiriro kwa February. Pankhaniyi, komanso, ngati kasupe kanali mvula, m'pofunika kuunikira mphukira ndi nyali ya ultraviolet. Apo ayi, iwo adzayamba pang'onopang'ono. February mbande mu madera ofunda angathe kubzalidwa molimba mtima kumayambiriro kwa May.
Pambuyo pa masiku angati, kodi kunjenjemera kumayamba?
Kuti zimere mbewu, ndikofunikira kulenga zinthu zazing'ono-wowonjezera kutentha. Kuti muchite izi, nkofunika kuonetsetsa kuti kutentha sikudutsa pansi + 18 ° C, kumatsitsimutsa nthaka, kumenyera munthuyo, kuchotsa condensate ku filimuyo ndikudikirira. Pa funso lomwe gancanium imatuluka, yankho lake ndi losavuta - ndi 18-20 ° C, nthawi yoyamba ya mphukira yayamba kale kumapeto kwa sabata yachiwiri. Amafunika kuwala kwambiri, kubisalamo kuti mbeu zisatalike komanso zochepa.
Kodi ndi liti kuti muthamangire mphukira?
Patadutsa mwezi ndi theka mutabzala mbewu, kukolola mbande kumachitika ku ganzanie mu miphika yodzaza ndi nthaka ya peat-humic. Chitani ichi pambuyo pa maonekedwe a tsamba lachinayi. Miphika imayikidwa pamalo ozizira - ndi kutentha kwa + 16 ° C. Pachifukwa ichi glazed loggia ndi yabwino. Sankhani chithandizo kuti mupewe kuvulala kwa mizu pamene mutsegula chitsamba kupita kumunda. Pamene mapiritsi a peat ankagwiritsidwa ntchito kulima, kuziika kale kwachitika kale pamunda wamunda.
Musanabzala mbewu pamtunda kwa masiku angapo, m'pofunika kudzala zomera pamsewu kuti muumitse kapena kutsegula mawindo pa loggia. Sankhani dothi la ku Africa likufuna dzuŵa lotentha ndi dothi losalala, mphepo yomwe saopa. Ghatsania - kukula kwa mbewu, mukamabzala mbande panja, momwe mungasamalire:
- Pakatikati mwa mwezi wa May, pakutha masiku otentha (pafupifupi 12-16 masabata mutabzala mbewu), gatsaniyu adalowa m'munda.
- Panthawi imodzimodziyo, nthaka imamasulidwa, nkhonozi zimakumba mumabowo omwe amadziwika bwino kwambiri pafupipafupi 15-20 masentimita.
- Kuika mkati kumachitika mwachikondi, kuyesera kuti asawononge mizu. Dziko lapansi mumphika limapangitsa kuti maluwawo asungunuke popanda kuwononga chilengedwe. Kuchokera ku mapiritsi a peat sichifikira, ndi kuyika pamodzi nawo pansi.
- Chitsimecho chimazaza dziko lapansi ndi kompositi.
- Mbewu imakula mofulumira, sizingafunikire kuisamalira: ndi kofunika kupanga nyemba nthawi, kumasula, kuchotsa masamba osweka.
- Kuthandizira pa chitukuko cha chitsamba chophimba nsonga yake - kumathandizira kwa kanthaŵi kuiwala za namsongole ndikusunga nthaka mu chinyezi chabwino.
- Madzi kawirikawiri - pamene kulibe mvula kwa nthawi yayitali, choncho zomera zimakhala ndi chinyezi chokwanira kuchokera mvula.
- Maluwa amayamba msangamsanga atangofika pamtunda.