Cataract ndi matenda omwe amachititsa kuti khungu lawo kapena kapule yake isasokonezeke. Matendawa amawoneka ngati okalamba nthawi zambiri, koma matenda ena a maso omwe amaletsa kusungunuka kwa chinyontho m'kati mwa chipinda cham'mbuyo ndi kumbuyo amatha kuwatsogolera. Chinyezi ichi ndicho chitsime chokha cha zakudya zowonjezera, chifukwa iye alibe mitsempha ndi mitsempha ya mitsempha, chifukwa chake amakhoza kulandira zakudya zokha ndi magazi.
Zizindikiro za katemera wa diso
Zizindikiro zoyamba za nthenda zimakhala zochitika zaka 40 mpaka 50, pamene opacities amawonekera pamaliro, chifukwa cha kuwala komwe sikuwoneka ndi retina, ndipo motero, masomphenya afupika.
Za nthenda zonena zizindikiro zotere:
- kuchepa kwachithunzi;
- kumverera kwachisoni ndi kugwedezeka pamene akuyesera kuganizira pa phunzirolo;
- kusintha mtundu wa wophunzira (umakhala wowala kapena woyera);
- pamene gwero lowala kwambiri likuwonekera, aureole akhungu amawonekera;
- kukula kwa myopia.
Zizindikiro zomwezo zimakhalanso ndi vuto lachilendo chachiwiri, momwe kapangidwe kameneko kameneka kamakhala kosalala.
Njira zamakono zothandizira ana
Posachedwapa, mankhwala okhaokha a cataract akhala akuchitidwa opaleshoni, koma lero mankhwala ali ndi njira zingapo zomwe zingakhale zogwira mtima.
Kuchiza mankhwala opatsirana
Njira imodzi yamakono yopaleshoni masiku ano ndi matenda a kadoti ndi laser. Opaleshoniyi sichitenga nthawi yochuluka, ikuchitidwa ndi anesthésia yowonongeka, mmagulu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Pa opaleshoniyo, wodwalayo amalowetsedwa ndi disolo, kuchotseratu kusanayambe kumagwedeza (kutumphuka ndi phula la laser, yomwe ili ndi 1.44 microns). Masiku ano, opaleshoni imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati imodzi mwa njira zothandizira kuchiza matendawa, koma lero mankhwala ali ndi zofunikira zonse kuti ntchitoyi ichitike popanda chiopsezo ndipo ali ndi chitonthozo chokwanira kwa wodwala, zomwe zimapangitsa njira iyi kuti yandivomereze.
Njira ina yopaleshoni yamakono yoperekera nthenda yotchedwa cataract is ultrasound phacoemulsification. Chomveka chake ndikuti kupunduka kwa lens kumachitika motsogoleredwa ndi ultrasound, pambuyo pake zidutswazi zimachotsedwa mu diso ndi aspiration.
Mankhwala a Cataract ndi matenda a m'mimba
Njira zothandizira anthu odwala matenda a m'mimba zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kumayambiriro koyamba kwa chitukuko, ndipo zimangowonongeka. Mmodzi mwa iwo ndi silika Silicea, yomwe imadyetsa minofu malinga ndi homeopaths.
Mankhwala
Njira yothandizira, komanso matenda a m'mimba, satha kuchiza nthendayi, koma mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala omwe angathe kuchepetsa kukula kwa matenda. Pochita izi, gwiritsani ntchito mavitamini osiyanasiyana ndi madontho omwe amadyetsa lens. Mu September 2011, adadziwika kuti gulu la asayansi ochokera ku Australia, pogwirizana ndi Calpain Therapeutics, adalenga mankhwala omwe angathe kuchepetsa kukula kwa cataract, zomwe zimatsimikiziridwa poyesera mankhwala.
Njira za mankhwala a cataract malingana ndi siteji ya matenda
Kuchiza kwa matenda okhwima okhwima
Matenda otha msinkhu amayenera kuchotsedwa opaleshoni: panthawi ino, ulusi wa lensali ndi mitambo, ndipo ndi osiyana kwambiri ndi kapsule. Zingaganizidwe kuti iyi ndiyo njira yokhayo yomwe ingathetsere zofooka zonse zomwe zimakhala zochepa kwambiri pamapeto pake.
Kuchiza kwa nthendayi yosabadwa
Cataract, yomwe inakhazikitsidwa posachedwapa, ndipo ikutsatiridwa ndi kuchepa pang'ono m'masomphenya, mukhoza kuyesa kuchipatala ndi mankhwala, kutanthauza kuti nthawi zonse mumakhala mankhwala othandizira. Ngati kuyembekezera kwathunthu kutayika kwa masomphenya chifukwa cha cataract sikuvomerezeka, ndiye bwino kupanga opaleshoni ya laser, popeza imagwiritsidwa ntchito kugwira ntchito ndi mtima wolimba, mosiyana ndi ultrasound.