Ndani pakati pathu sanayang'ane zojambula zazing'ono zomwe zimatchedwa bonsai? Ngati nanunso munagonjetsedwa ndi mitundu yokongola ya mtengo umenewu, ndiye kuti zidzakuthandizani kuti mudziwe chomwe chingafunike chomera cha bonsai kunyumba.
Kodi mungasamalire bwanji mtengo wa bonsai?
Boma la Indoor ndi losavuta kukula kunyumba, sikofunikira kwambiri kusamalira ndi kusamalira. Chinthu chachikulu ndi kusaiwala kudula korona nthawi ndi kutsatira zofuna za dothi ndikuziika. Ziyenera kukhala zowonongeka, zedi, za msinkhu wa acidity (mbewu iliyonse ili ndi zofunikira zake) sayenera kuiwalika. Kusakaniza kwa mchenga, peat ndi loam n'koyenera, mu chiŵerengero cha 2: 4: 4. Kwa kutentha kwa kufunika kwa zomera ndi zosiyana, koma nthawi zambiri ndi 10-18 ° C. Lamulo lalikulu lomwe liyenera kuwonedwa - pamene kuwala kuli bwino, zomera zimamveka kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha, kusiyana ndi kuunikira pansipa, kutentha kwakukulu kuyenera kukhala. Mu kasupe, pamene kutentha kuli pamwamba pa 10 ° C, chomeracho chikhoza kutengedwera ku mpweya wabwino. Ngati chomera ndi chikondi, ndiye kuti chiyenera kupeza malo abwino, mwachitsanzo, m'munda pansi pa mitengo. Kumapeto kwa chilimwe bonsai chiyenera kubweretsedwa m'nyumba kotero kuti chomeracho sichitha kutentha kwakukulu.
Mosasamala kanthu za mtundu wobiriwira, bonsai ayenera kutetezedwa ku malo omwe ali kutali ndi ma radiator. Dzuwa lowala silimapindulitsa mtengo, kotero ndibwino kutetezera ku kuwala kwachindunji.
Kuthirira mbewu kumafuna zambiri, koma pokhapokha ngati dothi lapansi liri louma. Kuthirira kumakhala bwino kuchokera kumadzi okwanira ndi bubu la sieve, kotero kuti nkutheka kuti muzitsanulira mwaulemu mbali ya mlengalenga ya chomera. Gwiritsani madzi ozizira kwa ulimi wothirira sikuloledwa.
Kusamalira kunyumba kwa chomera cha bonsai kumafuna kudulira panthawi yake. Ngati mumayiwala, ndiye kuti mumtengo wamtengo wapatali mungapeze mtundu wodabwitsa wa chitsamba. Kudulira kuyenera kuchitidwa kasupe, molingana ndi mawonekedwe a korona. Izi zikutanthauza kuti muyenera kufupikitsa mphukira zazing'ono ndikuchotsani nthambi zakale, zowuma kapena zofooka.
Bonsai ayenera kuikidwa chaka chilichonse kumapeto kwa nyengo yozizira. Pankhaniyi, nthaka imasinthidwa kwathunthu, kugwedeza ndi kutsuka ku mizu. Zotsatirazi kawirikawiri zimachepetsedwa. Ngati mumasankha mphika watsopano wopatsa, onani kuti ndi masentimita 2-3 kuposa kale, kuya kwake sikuyenera kuwonjezeka. Ngati chomeracho chibzalidwa mumphika wakale, ndiye kuti chiyenera kutsukidwa bwino. Pakuika, mizu ya mbewu iyenera kuikidwa pamzere. Pambuyo pake, bonsai ayenera kuthiriridwa. Mchere wapadera wamchere ndi microelements (5-10 g pa chidebe cha madzi) ayenera kuwonjezeredwa masiku 20 mutatha. Pa nthawi yomweyo, mutha kuchotsa masamba ndi nthambi.
Monga mukuonera, kusamalira bonsai sikuli kovuta kwambiri kuposa mbewu ina yamkati. Mtengo wotere umayenera kusamalidwa pang'ono pokhapokha mutapanga korona ndi kuika, koma chomera sichinthu chofunikira pa zomwe zilipo. Inde, zambiri zimadalira mtundu umene unapangidwa kukhala bonsai. Pachifukwa ichi, chisamaliro cha bonsai chiyenera kuchitidwa mofanana ndi chomera chachikulu. Zoonadi, kuika ndi kudula sikugwira ntchito.
Matenda ndi ophwanya zomera za bonsai
Ziribe kanthu kuti mumayesetsa bwanji kuyang'anira mtengo wa bonsai, chiopsezo cha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda chikadalibe. Choncho, ndi kofunika nthawi zonse kuyendera chomeracho, kumvetsera mosamala kwambiri m'munsi mwa masamba. Nthawi zambiri, bonsai amakhudzidwa ndi nsabwe za m'masamba, thrips, mealybug, nkhanambo, kangaude ndi whitefly. Mulimonsemo, chomeracho chiyenera kuchotsedwa ndi tizirombo. Zilonda zoopsa, mukhoza kutsuka mtengo ndi kukonzekera, koma muyenera kusamala ndi mlingo. Ndipo kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa bwino kumachitidwa kutalika kwa masentimita 40.
Komanso, chomeracho chingakhudzidwe ndi imvi zowola, zabodza kapena powdery mildew. Polimbana ndi matenda amenewa, fungicides amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Koma chifukwa cha mavutowa ndi kuthirira mozama komanso kosasintha, kotero nthawi yake iyenso iyenera kusinthidwa.