Chomera chodabwitsa cha mbewu za mungbias, zomwe zili m'madzi a aquarium sizikusowa zaka zambiri, zimakongoletsera zokhazokha ndi zokomera zomera zina ndi zina zodyerako ziweto. Mbalame yake yobiriwira yamitundu yosiyanasiyana imapanga nkhalango yeniyeni mumzinda wa mzinda, wopeza aliyense.
Aquarium chomera anubias - ndondomeko
Zochitika zenizeni za maonekedwe a anubias zimadalira mitundu yamoyo. Zomera monga anubias poyamba zinakula m'madera otentha: ku Ghana, Guyana, Liberia, Nigeria, Cameroon ndi Guinea. Zomwe anthu ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito ndi:
- masamba ambiri;
- mapesi omwe amatha kuphulika minga yofewa;
- Masamba a lanceolate pazu (imodzi mwa mitundu yomwe ili ndi dzina lofanana - anubias lanceolate);
- Pamwamba masamba ali ovunda, ellipsoidal kapena katatu mu mawonekedwe;
- Mitsempha yamadzi yotchulidwa pa mphukira yaikulu;
- luso lokhala mumadzi komanso pang'onopang'ono.
Kodi anubias amakula bwanji?
Ndi zokongoletsera za masamba a hydrophyte, ndi maluwa ake okha omwe angatsutsane. Kuphulika kwa anubias kumachitika kamodzi pa mwezi pansi pa zinthu zabwino. Maonekedwe a maluwa ndi osangalatsa kwambiri:
- Amathandizira kudziwa dzina lenileni la zomera. Iwo amasiyana ndi mitundu, kotero amcherewa akuyesa kuphuka, kuti amvetse zomwe iwo adabzala.
- Inflorescence ili ndi "chimbudzi" ndi "chophimba". "Kufalikira" - mafelemu a petal stamen - "cob", kutalika kwake komwe kungakhale 3-4 masentimita.
- Malingana ndi mawonekedwe, kugonana kwa mbewu kumasiyana. Kuti mudziwe kuti ndizo ziti za kugonana, zomwe zili mu aquarium ziyenera kutenga nthawi mpaka maluwa oyambirira. Maluwa owalawo amasonyeza kuti pali "mnyamata" kutsogolo kwa nyanja yam'madzi, ndipo mzere wozungulira umaimira "msungwana".
Anubias - Mitundu
Mitundu yeniyeni ya mitundu yayikuluyi inalembedwa ndi Royal Botanic Gardens za Kew ku UK. Ndizitsamba, mitundu yonse yochokera kumadera otentha, omwe amatha kukhala pakhomo, inaganiziridwa. Pakati pa zomera za mtundu wa anubias mu aquarium, mukhoza kubzala izi:
- wosokoneza;
- mulungu;
- angustifolia;
- chithunzi;
- congensis;
- kafeine;
- pangolin;
- Hastiffolia.
Anubias lanceolate
Anubias lanceolata ngakhale amadziwa amadzimadzi amatha kusokoneza ndi bwalo la Anubias lopopatiza, chifukwa ali ofanana ndi kukula kwa masamba ndi mawonekedwe a masamba. Onse awiri amakula kumadzulo kwa Africa - Nigeria ndi Cameroon. Kusiyanitsa madzi a anubis lanceolate kumathandiza zizindikiro monga:
- kutuluka pamwamba kapena kuyandama pamwamba pa mphukira;
- masamba a iwo akukonzedwa mopitirira;
- Mmodzi wa iwo amawombera m'mphepete mwa mzere ndi matte, ngati kuti kuwala kwa petioles kumakhala kovuta.
Anubias amatsuka pang'ono
Anubias, zomwe zili mumtambo wa aquarium zidzakhala zotchipa kusiyana ndi kuswana kwa onse - Anubias barteri. Ana a masamba obiriwira amakula pamtunda wokwawa ndipo amatha kusweka mosavuta. Iyo imabzalidwa mu chidebe monga hydrophyte, yomwe imayeretsa madzi a ntchentche ndi zakudya za nsomba. Anubias m'mphepete mwa nyanja yomwe ili ndi masamba ochepa:
- dothi lotayirira, lodzaza ndi wosanjikiza la masentimita 5-6;
- Zakudya zamchere ndi potaziyamu zosachepera 1 cm;
- Malo okhala ndi zipilala ndi shrimp;
- mwapang'onopang'ono imafalitsa mtundu ndi mphamvu ya sing'anga.
Anubias congensis
Anubias congensis ndi imodzi mwa madzi apamwamba otchedwa aquarium hydrophytes. Ndi mtundu wa rosette ndipo umakonda kuunika kokwanira. Apo ayi, fotokozani zomera zanubibi zikhoza kukhala mbali zotsatirazi:
- imakula pazingwe ndi pakati pa miyala;
- amachulukitsa pogawaniza rhizome;
- imakhala ndi mlingo wapatali wa acidity wa madzi;
- petiole ndilofanana ndi kutalika kwake kwa tsamba.
Anubias caffeolia
M'mabwato a Gabon ndi Cameroon, zomera zimakula, masamba awo amafanana ndi masamba a mtengo wa khofi. Bombe la Anubias coffeefolia chifukwa cha zomera zina zomwe zili pafupi ndi mitengoyi. Zitsamba zoterezi mumtambo wa aquarium, monga anubias caffeolia, amawoneka okongola:
- kukula kwa mbale ndi 5-6 masentimita m'lifupi ndi 10-12 m'litali;
- pa masamba obiriwira, mitsempha yosiyana ikuwoneka;
- ali ndi mtundu wofiira-wofiira ndipo amasiyana ndi ena hydrophytes;
- Mitundu yodzichepetsa ya anubias yomwe zili mumtambo wa aquarium imalola kuti oyandikana nawo nyama azidyera masamba.
Anubias pangolin
Mitundu imene inasankhidwa ku Italy inatulutsa dzina lake ku pmaolin ya armadillo. Panthawi ya ngozi, iyo imasanduka mpira: zomera za anubias za zosiyanasiyana, kuphwanya zinthu zabwino, zimakhala zofanana. Mukhoza kusiyanitsa ndi izi:
- kukula kwa pepala sikungakhale 2 cm;
- kukula kwa chitsamba chokha ndi chofanana ndi kutalika kwa bokosi la masewera, chifukwa amatchedwanso "anubias dwarfish";
- mphukira ya conical mawonekedwe bwino snugly motsutsana thunthu, zikumbutso mamba armadillo;
- woonda wofooka mizu.
Anubias Hastifolia
Anubias hastifolia, akukula ku Ghana ndi Congo, mwinamwake amatchedwa "anubias ngati mkondo." Iyo imakula mumthunzi, kuwala kwa dzuwa kumawotcha pamoto. Lili ndi mbali zingapo:
- nsonga ili ndi nsonga;
- Kukula bwino kumatheka pamene kumizidwa m'madzi kokha;
- anubias mu aquarium ali ndi rhizome yaikulu osachepera 50 cm yaitali;
- mu chomera chachikulu chimakula ziwiri zimayambira.
Aquarium chomera anubias - zokhutira
Minda yobiriwira ya aquarium imafuna chisamaliro chochepa kuposa nsomba zomwe zimakhala mmenemo. Zomwe zimasungira mabias a aquarium ndi zophweka kuposa zomera zambiri zam'madzi. Zikuwoneka kuti ndizopachiyambi ngakhale kwa wojambula zithunzi za dziko lapansi pansi pa madzi:
- Chitetezo cha kusintha kwachangu ndi kawirikawiri kutentha ndi nyengo mu thanki. Hi hydrophyte sangathe kulimbana ndi kuzizira ndi kuzizira.
- Mtundu woyenera kwambiri wokhutira ndi kubereka ndi 25-30 ° C.
- Kotero kuti kukulako sikuchedwa, madzi ayenera kukhala atsopano komanso osankhidwa.
- Anubias nana, zomwe zimaloledwa ku aquarium kokha m'malo otentha, zingayambidwe ndi kuwonjezera kwa vallisneria kapena elodea .
Kodi mungamange bwanji anubias mu aquarium?
Njira yobzala aquarium algae ndi hydrophyte zimadalira mmene shuga awo amadziwira. Aquarium anubias akhoza kuwononga zinyama zina ndi nsomba zazing'ono, choncho ndibwino kuti musagwirizane ndi magawo otseguka ndi madzi. Amachoka masamba ndipo amawombera muzitsulo pambuyo pake. N'zosavuta kuyembekezera izi, atasamukira ku mtsuko wa galasi. Pambuyo pa nthanga yatsopanoyo imakula pamadulidwe, m'pofunika kuyamba kubzala:
- Mizu imakonzedwa ndi lumo mpaka kutalika kwa dothi kuti sayenera kuikidwa m'manda mozama.
- Mitengoyi imapangitsa mizu yaitali kwambiri ya zomera ndikumira pansi.
- Zomwe muli anubias mu aquarium zidzakuthandizani kukumba bwino mizu. Pamodzi ndi zizindikiro zomwe zimawombera, ndiye chidacho chimachotsedwa.
- Ngati anubias akuphulika kapena madzi akuwopsya mizu mu mphindi zingapo, kubwerera kudzayenera kubwerezedwa.
Kodi mungatenge bwanji anubias?
Mzu wolimba wa chomera chotentha cha m'madzi uli ndi tsinde limodzi, pomwe masamba amphamvu ndi mphukira zimakula. Kubalana kwa anubias kumachitika makamaka kudzera mwa iwo, koma palinso njira yina yokhalamo. Ndipotu, pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mizu yobiriwira:
- Njira yotsatira. Pamene kutalika kwake kufika pa masentimita 4 mpaka 5, iwo akhoza kuthyoledwa bwino ndi kuikidwa m'munda wathanzi. Pazomwe mungathe kuchita muyenera kukhala osachepera masamba 5-6.
- Chigawo cha muzu. Mwachitsanzo, Anubias, mochepa, amalekerera kudula muzu mu magawo 2-3 ndikuwombera pamwamba pa gawo lapansi.
- Pepala lalikulu. Ikhoza kukhazikika pa siponji yokhala ndi peat kapena mchenga wosakanizika ndi nthaka, ndipo kenaka imalowetsedwa mumtsinje wa aquarium.
Matenda a anubias mu aquarium
Thanzi la hydrophyte limadalira pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana, kuchokera ku ubwino wa gawo lapansi lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito panthaka ya rooting, kuti imwetse kuuma. Pafupipafupi 1-2 pa mwezi muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa maso anu kuti mudziwe bwino nthawi yanuyo. Mavuto ambiri omwe eni eni a chomera ndiwo ali:
- Kusintha kwa masamba osapitirira dzuwa. Zomwe muli anubias mu aquarium mwatsatanetsatane zidzawononga kwambiri masamba. Amakhala okonda mthunzi, kutentha kwakukulu kumayambitsa maonekedwe a mphukira zazing'ono.
- Kuwonongeka kwa kukula kwake. Chitsamba chachikulu, chimene korona wa chomeracho chimachoka, chikuphimbidwa ndi ntchentche ndi algae pamene boma likutsutsa, zomwe zimayambitsa ndondomeko yakufa.
- Mphukira ikufalikira. Anubias yaikulu ndi dothi laling'ono la nthaka ya aquarium silingakhoze kuzika mizu bwino, ndipo thunthu limatha kulandira mndandanda woyenera wa zinthu zofufuzira.
- Kutupa. Pamene hydrophyte imatsanuliridwa pa zitsamba zamadzi, madzi amatha kuchepa, kapena malo osungirako nsomba, mawanga a dzimbiri amawonekera pa zimayambira ndi masamba, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti apangidwe ndi mabowo.
Feteleza kwa anubias
Pofuna kupewa chitukuko cha matenda komanso kufa kwa masamba m'munda wa aquarium, pamafunikira feteleza nthawi yake ndi feteleza. Anthu ena ogwira nsomba amasocheretsedwa ndi kugwiritsira ntchito gawo lokhala ndi michere: amadza ndi lingaliro lakuti zinthu zomwe zimachokera mmenemo ndi zokwanira kuti mbewu iliyonse ikhalepo, kuphatikizapo anubias variegated. Pambuyo pa miyezi 2-3 pambuyo pa kuwonjezera kwa gawolo, palibe zida zothandiza zomwe zimakhalabe mmenemo. Choncho, anubias amafunikira zovala zotere monga:
- Chithandizo cha Iron chelate. Zimakhudzadi mkhalidwe wa zomera zowonongeka, zomwe zimakakamizika kuchotserana chakudya. Chelate ya Iron imapangitsa kuti dzuwa lisayambe.
- Mavitamini a feteleza. Zomwe muli anubias n'zosatheka popanda kuvala pamwamba ndi microelements. Kupezeka kwa nayitrogeni kumapangitsa masamba kugwa.
- Potaziyamu zosakaniza. Mavitamini opangidwa ndi potaziyamu - njira yokhayo yopezera maonekedwe a masamba ndi mabala a bulauni.
- Boron amadziwika ndi calcium. Ngati sagwiritsidwe ntchito, kukula ndi chitukuko cha hydrophyte sichidzatha.