Metaplasia ya squamous (squamous) ndi yopanda khansa ya epithelium ya ziwalo zamkati, zomwe zimateteza thupi kuti liwonongeke. Metaplasia ndi njira yokhayokha yomwe imakhala yosalala kamodzi, yojambula kapena yojambula epithelium imalowetsedwa ndi maselo olimba kwambiri a mapulogalamu a mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mapiritsi, omwe alibe kapena ophera khungu. Kaŵirikaŵiri maselo amtundu wa metaplasia amakhudza epithelium yamapapu (makamaka osuta fodya) ndi kachilombo ka HIV, koma amathanso kugwiritsira ntchito mucosa wa chikhodzodzo, m'matumbo, m'mitsempha ya mkati.
Mmene zimagwiritsira ntchito maselo ofanana kwambiri a metaplasia
Kukula kwa metaplasia, timalingalira chitsanzo cha chiwalo cha m'mimba, pamene malo omwe amatchedwa eplithelium amakhala otsika. Maselo otchedwa epatlium apamwamba samachokera ku maselo okhwima okhwima, koma kuchokera pachiyambi, chomwe chimatchedwa maselo osungira. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, m'munsi mwa makina a cylindrical epithelium, mumakhala maselo osungira madzi omwe amakula pang'onopang'ono. Pang'onopang'ono, pamwamba pake ya cylindrical epithelium imachotsedwa ndipo zotsatira zake zimapezeka. Kenaka akubwera siteji ya maselo ofufuza maselo a metaplasia, omwe maphunziro ake amapangitsa kuti asonyeze malire a magulu osungiramo maselo ndikupanga maselo angapo omwe ali ofanana ndi chipinda chopanda chipatala chomwe sichidziwika ndi epithelium.
Pa siteji ya kukula kwa maselo a maselo a metaplasia, maselo amakhala ofanana kwambiri ndi maselo apakati a epithelium, ndipo epitelium imakhala yosazindikiritsa kuchokera ku chilengedwe chapamwamba cha epithelium.
Kodi squamous metaplasia ndi yoopsa?
Metaplasia si nthendayi, koma kusiyana kwa ziwalo za thupi kumasinthidwa kuthupi kapena matenda opatsirana. Pogwirizana ndi nkhaniyi, squamous cell metaplasia siyi ndipo imapezeka kokha m'mafukufuku opangira ma laboratory, chifukwa chodziŵa maselo a flat flat epithelium mu smears, sputum, zinthu zina zofufuzira kapena kafukufuku wake.
Kawirikawiri, metaplasia imapangidwira motsatira ndondomeko yotupa yotupa, komanso zotsatira zosavulaza (kusuta fodya, kugwira ntchito pamalo ovuta, etc.). Ngakhale kuti palokha ndi njira yowonongeka, yowonongeka, koma kupirira kwa nthawi yaitali chifukwa cha zovuta kapena kusowa kwa chithandizo cha matenda omwe amachititsa kusintha, kungachititse kuti dysplasia ndi chonchi.
Zotsatira ndi chithandizo cha squamous metaplasia
Chofala kwambiri ndi squamous metaplasia ya chiberekero. Zingakhale zotheka ku:
- ndondomeko yotupa yotha;
- Kutaya kwa chiberekero ;
- matenda a hormoni;
- matenda opatsirana.
Maselo a squamous mapapu a metaplasia amayamba chifukwa cha kusuta, koma akhoza kuyambitsidwa ndi matenda aakulu (bronchitis, asthma , etc.). Metaplasia ya chikhodzodzo imayamba chifukwa cha kutupa, ndipo poyambirira pakati pa zifukwa ndi cystitis.
Popeza kuti maselo ofufuza metaplasia ndi osiyana ndi momwe thupi limayendera, silikusowa chithandizo chamankhwala. Pambuyo pochiza matenda oyambitsa matendawa kapena kutha kwa zotsatirapo za thupi la nkhawa, patapita kanthawi epithelium imabwereranso kuthupi. Mwachitsanzo, pofuna kuchiza matenda a squamous metaplasia a bronchial epithelium, okwiya chifukwa cha kusuta fodya, zatha kusiya chizoloŵezi ichi, ndipo mankhwala ena onsewo adzakhala owonetsa.