Mmene mungamere mphukira mu dacha - zinthu zofunika kuti mukolole bwino

Mtsinje umakhala wosangalatsa, komanso umathandiza thupi. Ndikofunika, choncho ndi bwino kudziwa momwe mungamere mitengo yamchere m'dziko, kuti mutenge zokolola zanu pa tsamba lanu. Pali zinthu zingapo zofunika kuziganizira kuti chomera chimakula bwino komanso chimakula.

Ndi m'mayiko ati omwe zomera zimakula?

Dziko lachimwenye la chipululu ndi South America. Malinga ndi kafukufuku wamabwinja, kumayambiriro kwa zaka 1,000 zapitazo BC. e. Amwenye anali kugwira ntchito yamaluwa. M'zaka za m'ma 1600, mtedza unabweretsedwa ku China, Europe, kenako adafika ku America ndi West Africa. Ngati mukufuna kusonkhanitsa nyemba pakati pa bulu, kulima kuli koyenera kutsatira malamulo, monga kutentha kumene kuli koyenera. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, posachedwapa asayansi atulutsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nthanga yosazira, yomwe inathandiza kufalitsa malo ake.

Zomwe zimakhalira kumanga nyemba

Pofuna kubzala zipatso zabwino, muyenera kusankha bwino malo omwe ayenera kubzalidwa. Palinso mbali zina zomwe zimakula m'munda wamaluwa:

1. Sankhani madera a dacha anu, ndipo ndi bwino kupewa mthunzi wambiri. Samazindikira mvula ndi mphepo yamphamvu.
2. Ponena za nthaka, ndi yabwino kwambiri kwa nthaka yowonongeka, yomwe imapangidwanso ndi mchenga-loamy. Chomera chabwino chidzala ndi mankhwala a magnesium ndi calcium. Zimayenderana ndi mkulu wa acidity ndi salinity.
3. Kumvetsetsa funso la momwe mungamere mphukira mu dacha wanu, ndi bwino kudziwa kuti okonzekera bwino kwambiri ndi kabichi, tomato ndi mbatata.
4. Ndikofunika kukonzekera nthaka m'chaka, chimene nitrofoska imayambira 50 g pa 1 sq. M. M'dzinja, wamaluwa amalimbikitsidwa kudyetsa nthaka ndi mchere ndi organic.

Nkhuta - njira zokula

Pali njira zingapo, monga momwe mungathere pa webusaiti yanu kuti mukhale ndi mandimu yokoma. Ponena za njira yomwe ikugwiritsire ntchito mbeu kumalo otseguka, tidzakambilana pansipa, koma tsopano tiye tikambirane za kukula kwamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mbeu. Zili ndi phindu lofunika - mukhoza kukolola zambiri kumapeto kusiyana ndi kulunjika kwa mbewu. Pali malamulo angapo ofunika momwe mungamere mitengo yam'munda m'munda mothandizidwa ndi mbande:

1. Ndi bwino kutenga miphika ya peat, koma ngati palibe, ndiye kuti makapu opangidwa ndi makatoni kapena pulasitiki adzachita.
2. Njirayi ndi yofunika mu April. Chotsalira chosankhidwa chiyenera kudzazidwa ndi gawo lotayirira ndi lopatsa thanzi, kuphatikiza nthaka ndi malo okhala ndi mchenga wofanana ndi humus.
3. Choyamba perekani mbeuyi mu njira yothetsera potassium permanganate, yomwe ingachepetse chiopsezo cha matenda ogonjetsa matenda. Pangani maenje, kuya kwa masentimita 3-4, ikani mbewu ndikuzidzaza.
4. Kuti mphukira ipite mwamsanga, muyenera kuwatseka ndi filimu kapena galasi. Ikani chidebe pamalo otentha, koma dzuŵa liwoneke.
5. Kusamalira mbande n'chimodzimodzi ndi mbewu zina, ndipo kuika pamalo otseguka kumachitika mwezi wa Meyi, pamene kutentha kwa nthaka m'dzikoli kuli kwakukulu.

Nthanga za mbewu - kukula

Kupambana kumadalira makamaka kugula kwazinthu zakutchire kumalo owonetseredwa. Mukhoza kutenga mbewu zabwino kuchokera ku mbewu zatsopano. Ndikofunika kuti mitima ikhale yosasunthika komanso yosamalidwa. Pali malingaliro okhudza chisamaliro ndi kubzala mitengo yamtundu m'dziko, mosasamala kanthu kuti kukolola kochuluka sikugwira ntchito:

1. Nkhono ziyenera kuchotsedwa ku zipolopolozo ndi kuziyika m'magawo angapo a gauze mosamala kwambiri mu sauvu.
2. Mukhoza kuwonjezera madontho angapo a nthumwi yapadera pamadzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kukula.
3. Pamene msana umayikidwa ndipo kutalika kwake ndi 1-1.5 mm, n'zotheka kuzifera pansi. Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito mapiritsi a peat.

Kodi mungabzala bwanji mandimu m'dzikoli?

Pali malamulo angapo ofunikira omwe muyenera kulingalira ngati mukukonzekera kukula kalulu pa tsamba lanu.

1. Zitsamba zomwe zimayikidwa njere ziyenera kukhala ndi masentimita 6 mpaka 8, ndipo ngati nthaka yayuma pa 8-10 masentimita, ikanipo kuti pakati pa mizera ikhale kutalika kwa masentimita 70, pakati pa tchire 15-20 cm.
2. Kupeza momwe mungamere mitengo yamakono mu dacha, ndibwino kuti muwonetsetse kuti pena paliponse kuyika nucleoli zitatu, zomwe ziyenera kukhala zazikulu.
3. Mbeu itatsekedwa, mosamala kutsanulira mabedi pansi pa kupanikizika kochepa, pogwiritsa ntchito mutu wosamba kuti nthaka isasambe.
4. Ngati nyengo ili yabwino, ndiye mphukira idzaonekera patatha masiku 10 mutabzalidwa, ndi maluwa pakapita masiku 25-30.

Nthawi yolima nyemba mu dziko

Popeza kutentha kwakukulu n'kofunika kuti mbewuyi ikhale yabwino komanso yabwino, tikulimbikitsanso kuti tiyimere pamene kutentha kwa dziko lapansi kufika pa 12-14 ° C, ndipo izi sizinayambe pakati pa May. Ndikofunika kuganizira kuti popanga nthanga za mandimu, nyengo ya chisanu ndi yoopsa. Taganizirani izi, monga kutentha kumasintha chaka chilichonse.

Chisamaliro

Kuti nkhanu ikule bwino ndikupereka zokolola zabwino, nkofunika kusamalira bwino. Pali ziwerengero za zida zowonongeka ndikukula m'dzikoli:

1. Pamene phesi likutsika pansi, tchire timagwedezeka, monga momwe timachitira ndi mbatata.
2. Ndikofunika kuti nthaka iume, koma kusungirako madzi kumakhalanso kovulaza, choncho pangani madzi okwanira. Pa maluwa ayenera mochuluka madzi zomera, chifukwa onse maluwa ndi mizu ngati chinyezi. Chitani izi 3-4 pa mwezi. Nthawi yamaluwa ikatha, kuthirira mphukira kumalimbikitsidwa pokhapokha chilala chokhalitsa.
3. Kumvetsetsa momwe mungamere nkhuku m'dzikoli, tiyenera kuzindikira kufunika kokhala ndi nyemba nthawi zonse nthaka ndikuchita bwino mutatha kuthirira kapena mphepo.
4. Pambuyo pa kuphuka kwa mbeu, ayenera kutetezedwa ku malungo, chifukwa akhoza kuwononga mbewu zonse.
5. Nkhuta zimayankha bwino kwa feteleza zamchere , zomwe zimapangidwa katatu pa nyengo: Pakukolola masamba, mapangidwe a zipatso ndi masamba.
6. Masamba achikasu ndi tsinde louma adzachitira umboni kuti nthanga zapsa.