Mtundu wonga mtengo unali wotchuka nthawi zonse chifukwa choyambirira ndi wokongola kwambiri, chisamaliro ndi kulima maluwa amenewa ndi ntchito yosangalatsa komanso yokondweretsa. Kalekale, amaonedwa ngati chizindikiro cha mwayi wa akazi, omwe ankakonda kukongoletsa chipinda chogona cha amishonale achi China, ndipo tsopano ndi imodzi mwa zomera zotchuka kwambiri m'munda wamakono.
Kodi mtengo wonga mtengo umawoneka bwanji?
Mitundu ya anthu akuluakulu ndi amtundu wautali, kufika pamtunda wa mamita awiri ndi hafu mamita awiri kumadera otentha a nyengo ndi chisamaliro, ku Russia iwo sapitirira mita imodzi ndi theka. Maluwa angakhale obiriwira, ochepa-awiri, osavuta, globular. Mitengo yabwino kwambiri yamtengo imatha kukondweretsa maluwa ndi maluwa ochulukirapo mpaka masentimita 22. Pali nthawi pamene chitsamba chosatha m'nyengo yake, maluwa okwana 100 akuwonekera pansi pa zobiriwira zawo zobiriwira zimayambira.
Kuchokera ku mitundu yochepa ya udzu, mtengo wonga mtengo ndi wofunika, unamwino ndi kukula umakhala ndi maonekedwe okhudzana ndi dongosolo lapadera la ziwalo zamasamba ndi zochitika za moyo. Zimayambira ili ndi mtundu wamphamvu, wandiweyani, wolimba, wosafa m'nyengo yozizira. Kukula kwa lignified kawirikawiri kumalekerera chisanu, kotero zamoyo zamtunduwu, monga maluwa, zimakhala ndi zitsamba zam'mwamba. Mdima wamdima wofiirira ndi wokongola komanso wokongola, pamapeto pake maluwa amawoneka okongola komanso okongola m'munda.
Kodi mtengo wonga mtengo wa peony umakhala liti?
Mwanjira zambiri chiyambi cha maluwa chimadalira nyengo ndi zosiyanasiyana. M'madera ndi kumpoto, imagwa pa June ndi masiku oyambirira a Julayi, ndipo kumwera madera akuphulika kumapeto kwa May. Mu funso la kuchuluka kwake kwa mtengo ngati peony, gawo lalikulu limasewera ndi nyengo. Pafupifupi izi zimatenga masabata awiri, koma mu nyengo yozizira nthawi yabwino imatha masiku angapo motalika.
Peony mtengo - mitundu
Chiwerengero cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mitengo yamtengo wapatali imacheza theka la chikwi. Chifukwa cha kulimbikira kwathunthu, kabukhu kakang'ono kojambula kazithunzi kamayenera. Akatswiriwa anawagawanitsa mosavuta m'magulu akuluakulu malinga ndi zizindikiro zazikulu. Zest yake ili pafupi mtengo uliwonse-monga peony, chisamaliro ndi kukula kwa mbande za mitundu yosiyana sizimasiyana ndi miyeso yofunikira.
Mitundu ya pions ngati mtengo:
- Mtengo wa Sino-European-like peonies. Maluwa a zomera za gululi ndi olemetsa, owopsa, akhoza kukhala a mtundu uliwonse. Pakulemera kwake, iye amawombera.
- Mitundu yamapiri ya Japan. Kusiyana kwakukulu kwa gulu ili ndi maluwa ozungulira awiri omwe sali awiri. Iwo ndi olemerera kwambiri ndipo samayimitsa, atakhazikika molimba, okongola kwambiri pamwamba pa chitsamba. Kunja, zomera za gulu la Japan ndi zokongoletsera kwambiri.
- Mitundu yamakina. Gululi limaphatikizapo mitundu yomwe imapezeka podutsa pion wachikasu ndi pion yotchedwa Delaway ndi zomera zowirikiza. Amatchuka chifukwa cha mtundu wachikasu, umene umaoneka kuti ndi wochepa kwambiri.
- Ito hybrids. Mitundu ya gulu lotsatira ikhoza kukhala chifukwa cha mtundu wachitsulo. Iwo amasunga zinthu zina, zonse ngati mtengo ndi peysi yakuda. Mtundu wobiriwirawo umamwalira kunja kwa nyengo yozizira, koma masamba ndi okongoletsera ndipo amayambira kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yozizira. Kutalika kwa chiwerengero cha hybrids ndi kuchokera ku theka la mita mpaka 90 masentimita, mawonekedwe a chomera akungoyenda.
Kodi mungabzala bwanji mtengo wonga mtengo?
Ndibwino kuti tipeze malo abwino omwe ali ndi chitsamba chatsopano, kumene angathe kuphuka popanda vuto kwazaka makumi angapo. Zosakaniza, zamchere, ndi nthaka yabwino. Kubzala mitengo ngati mtengo kumapeto kwa chiyambi cha kuwombera kukula ndi koopsa komanso kosafunika, nthawi yabwino yobzala imachokera ku theka lachiwiri la August mpaka khumi ndi khumi zapitazo. Ngati, chifukwa cha zifukwa zosiyanasiyana, mbeuyo inabwera kwa iwe kumapeto kwa nyengo yopanda chisanu, kenako imakhala yozizira mu chidebe kutentha kwa 5-10 ° C. Peony imabzalidwa mwamsanga chivundikiro cha chisanu chagwa.
Chinthu chofunika kwambiri ndi nthaka yomwe mumabzala mtengo monga mtengo, kusamalira ndi kukula kwa maluwa makamaka kumachitika padziko lapansi, ndipo mchenga, organic ndi mineral zimapangidwa bwino. Konzani mozama dzenje la masentimita makumi asanu ndi limodzi (70 cm) pansi, muike miyala yakuda kapena njerwa zosweka ndi masentimita 20-30. Ngati dziko liri losavomerezeka, ndiye likuwonjezeredwa ku lotayirira laimu 30 g.
Kodi mungasamalire bwanji pion yamtengo?
Mitengo ya peony yamtengo imakhala yosasamala, kubzala ndi kuyamwitsa sizitenga nthaŵi yambiri ndi khama. M'nyengo ya chilimwe, kuyesetsa konse kumayendetsedwa ndi weeding ndi kumasula nthaka, kudyetsa nthawi zonse. Ngati masambawa atha kale, ndipo palibe mvula, ndiye kuti mukuyenera kuthirira madzi nthawi zonse, kusungunula nthaka bwino. Malo apamwamba ogona zomera zothandizira. Pa tchire tating'onoting'ono, masamba oyambirira ayenera kuchotsedwa, kuti asamasule.
Kudulira kwa pion ngati pion
Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, ndi nthawi yokonzanso kudulira. Imeneyi ndi njira yofunikira kwambiri kuti mtengo uliwonse wofanana ndi mtengo ukhale wolimba komanso wolimba. Mphukira zazikuluzifupi zimachepetsanso ku Mphukira yoyamba, yomwe imayambitsa kuwuka kwa impso za adnexal pafupi ndi maziko. Masamba aang'ono a peonies achinyamata amadulidwa pamtunda wa masentimita 10 mpaka masentimita 15.
Kujambula kwa pion ngati mtengo
Zovuta nthawi zina zimachitika ndi kuziika kwa zomera zakale ndi mphamvu mizu. Pachifukwa ichi mukusowa dzenje lomwe lili ndi masentimita 80 pamtunda, ndi lofanana ndi theka ndi lalikulu ngati kukula kwake. Mu funso la momwe angasamalire pion ngati pion, wina sayenera kuiwala za nthaka. Zimapangidwa kuchokera ku chisakanizo cha peat, humus, fupa chakudya (mpaka 400 g), superphosphate (mpaka 200 g). Mu nthaka yamchenga, timatsanulira chidebe cha dongo m'dzenje limodzi, ndikuwonjezera ndowa ya mchenga ku nthaka. Pakati pa zomera timachoka mu danga la 1.3 mamita, ndikukhala pansi pamtunda, timakula pamapiri ambiri.
Pamwamba pa mtengo wonga mtengo
Pankhaniyi, zonse zomwe zimakonzekera mchere ndi zinthu zomwe zimapezeka pa dacha zili zothandiza. Zaka zingapo zoyambirira zothandizira kwambiri kukula kwa peony sizikufunika, kuyambitsidwa kwa zinthu zopweteka kungapweteke pakulima. Manyowa a mtundu uliwonse amawonekera kuchokera zaka zitatu pambuyo pa kuchepa kochepa, kuti asawotche maluwa.
Kodi mungadyetse bwanji mtengo wonga mtengo?
- Amathandizira kusamalidwa kwa phulusa, zomwe zikulimbikitsidwa kupanga masabata awiri.
- Pambuyo pa kugwa kwa masamba, ndi zofunika kuti mulch pansi pafupi ndi chomera ndi peat.
- Kuyambira ali ndi zaka zitatu, mitengo yamtundu ngati mitengo imadyetsedwa pakukula Nitrophus mpaka 100 g pamtengo ngati peony pamene maluwa akuphulika.
- Pambuyo pa mapeto a maluwa m'nthaka, yikani galasi la superphosphate ndi phulusa.
- Kukula ndi kusamalira mtengo wofanana ndi mtengo ndi chinthu chosakhwimitsa, kudwalitsa kwa mchere kumayambitsa matenda ndi kuwotcha mu ziwalo za zomera.
Matenda a peonies a mtengo
Kuopsa kwa kusamalira pion ndi kuvunda kwakukulu . Matendawa amakhudza kwambiri pa chinyezi, nayitrogeni wambiri, kukula maluwa mumthunzi. Amathandizidwa ndi April kubwezeretsa kudulira mpaka 10-15 masentimita, njira zothandizira (mankhwala ndi mkuwa sulphate), kuziika kumalo a dzuwa. Nthaŵi zina florists amadzifunsa kuti chifukwa chiyani mtengo wonga mtengo sukuphuka, wotaya phokoso, momwe angathandizire chiweto chake. Izi zikhoza kuchitika ndi imfa ya impso kuchokera ku chisanu, zakudya zoperewera, rootlets zowola.
Kuphwanya ma pions ngati mitengo
Ambiri timagula mitengo yothandizidwa ndi mitengo mumalonda a malonda, njira imeneyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mafakitale, monga njira yodalirika yoberekera. Monga chitsa, muzu wa udzu wambiri wa peony watengedwa. Mu August, timaphatikiza zowonjezera za scion, kudula malo a mphukira pamphepete kuchoka pa impso ziwiri. Tinadula muzu wa chitsa cha chitsa ndikuika mkati mwake mzere. Ikani zowonjezera zowakulungidwa ndi filimuyi, okonzeka okonzeka kuyika yosungirako mvula yamtambo kwa mwezi. Mbeuzo zimabzalidwa mu greenhouses kuti masentimita 7 masentimita, timakula ndikusamalira ma pion aphatikizidwa chaka ndi theka.
Kodi mungayenge bwanji mtengo wonga mtengo?
Kwa pions zamtundu wamtengo muli kuwonjezeka m'njira zingapo. Njira zonse zosamaliranso bwino zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pakukula kunyumba, ngati mutha kugwira ntchito ndi kubzala. Pamaso pa chitsamba chachikulire, zotsatirazi zimathandiza mwamsanga kupeza mbande zapamwamba pamtengo wokwanira.
Njira zobalera za pion ngati mtengo:
- Kuphatikizidwa ndi kumtumikizanitsa ndi njira yovuta koma yogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popeza kuchuluka kwa mbande.
- Mbeu yobzalidwa ndi mbeu ndi ntchito yobereketsa yomwe imafuna kuleza mtima. Mbewu zimamera kwa nthawi yaitali - mpaka zaka 2-3, ndipo maluwa amatha zaka 5 kapena 7.
- Kubalana ndi zigawo - perekani njirayi kuyambira May, kukaniza ndi kuwaza pansi mphukira pansi. Pofika m'dzinja mukhoza kupeza mmera wokonzeka kusamalira ndi kulima.
- Kubalidwa ndi kufalitsa kwa cuttings - mphukira zoyenera zotsalira ndi masamba ndi chidendene, zomwe zimamera mu mchenga wa peaty, zimadulidwa mu July. Pambuyo pa miyezi itatu mbeu zimakonzeka kubzala mu miphika m'nyengo yozizira, m'chaka chimapangidwira pansi.
- Kubalana kwa pion ngati mtengo kupatula chitsamba chachikulu ndiko kugawanika kwa mizu kulowa muzitali zazitali ndi mphukira 3 kapena kuposa. Njira imeneyi ndi yosavuta komanso yodalirika kwambiri yamapanga okwezedwa kunyumba.