Mibadwo yakale - chidziwitso chachinsinsi ndi cholowa cha anthu akale

Chitukuko chikhoza kutchedwa sitepe yeniyeni ya chitukuko cha mtundu wa anthu, chomwe chimadziwika ndizokhazikitsana, zolemba, zomangamanga ndi ntchito zina. Akatswiri a mbiri yakale amakhulupirira kuti zinsinsi zimabisika m'mbiri yakale, zomwe zambiri sizinapezeke.

Mibadwo yakale ya dziko

Kuwonetsa koyamba kwa chitukuko, malinga ndi kafukufuku, kunawuka zaka mazana ambiri zapitazo ku gawo la Asia, Africa ndi Europe. Ngakhale kuti zamoyo zakale zapadziko lapansi zinakhazikitsidwa nthawi zosiyana, njira zomwe amapangidwira ndi chitukuko zimakhala ndi zinthu zambiri. Iwo anakhala maziko a zowunikira zofunikira, zomwe zinapangika patsogolo kuti anthu apite patsogolo ndi chitukuko cha chikhalidwe.

Chitukuko cha Asumeri

Akatswiri ambiri a mbiri yakale amakhulupirira kuti Asumeri ndiwo amitundu yoyamba padziko lapansi, yomwe inapezeka ku Mesopotamia zaka zoposa 6,000 zapitazo. Akatswiri a mbiri yakale adatha kuzindikira mfundo zotsatirazi:

1. Anthu a ku Sumeri ndizo chitukuko choyamba pa dziko lapansi kugwiritsira ntchito machitidwe a ternary ndikudziwa nambala za Fibonacci.
2. M'nthano za anthu awa, kufotokoza koyamba kwa kapangidwe ndi chitukuko cha dongosolo la dzuŵa kumaperekedwa.
3. M'mipukutu ya ku Sumeri imanenedwa kuti anthu amakono adalengedwa chifukwa cha njira zogwirira ntchito zakale zikwi zitatu zapitazo.
4. Iwo anali atakhazikitsa maziko, panali khoti ndi mabungwe osiyanasiyana a boma omwe anasankhidwa ndi anthu
5. A Sumeri analipo kwa zaka 2,000.

Chitukuko cha kale cha Mayan

Mmodzi mwa anthu osamvetsetseka, omwe amadzikumbutsa okha ngakhale masiku ano, omwe ali kalendala yotchuka ya Mayan, akulosera mapeto a dziko lapansi . Chidziwitso cha chinsinsi cha miyambo yakale chikupitilizidwa ndi asayansi, ndipo adatha kuzindikira mfundo izi:

1. Amaya ankagwira ntchito yomanga mizinda yamwala ndi mapiramidi akuluakulu, omwe anali malo oikidwa m'manda kwa anthu olemekezeka. Anakula dzungu, thonje, zipatso zosiyanasiyana, nyemba ndi zina zotero. Anthuwa adagwidwa mchere.
2. Kwa anthu awa, chipembedzo chinali chofunikira kwambiri, ndipo kupembedza milungu kunali chipembedzo. Amaya anapereka nsembe osati nyama zokha komanso anthu.
3. Zakale zam'tsogolo zakhala ndi chidziwitso chachikulu pa zakuthambo, mwachitsanzo, kalendala ya Maya yafika masiku athu ndipo kulondola kwawo sikungadabwe konse.
4. Maya mwachinsinsi adachoka pa dziko lapansi, ndipo chinachitikadi mpaka zinatheka kukhazikitsa.

Anthu ambiri akale a Inca

Mkulu kwambiri pa malo ndi anthu, ufumuwo, womwe unali ku South America. Chifukwa cha olemba mbiri, zambiri zokhudza anthu awa zinadziwika ndi anthu:

1. Asayansi sakanatha kupeza umboni woti anganene za Inca, koma iwo amaonedwa ngati mbadwa za chitukuko choyamba cha Andean.
2. Zinsinsi za zitukuko zakale zimasonyeza kuti ufumuwu unali ndi magawo otsogolera olamulira ndi chuma chokhazikitsidwa bwino.
3. Zidziwika bwino kuti m'masiku amenewo panalibe ziphuphu, panalibe milandu yokhudza kupha ndi kuba.
4. Miyambo yambiri yakale inali ndi makalata, ndipo a Incas anali ndi malo okwana 5-7,000.
5. Anthu awa anali ndi dongosolo lawo loyesa, kalendala, zomangamanga ndi chikhalidwe cha nyimbo. Kulemba kwa a Incas amatchedwa kalata yopita ku mulu.

Aztec chitukuko

Anthu ambiri a ku India omwe amakhala ku Mexico ndi Aaztec. Mbiri ya mibadwo yakale imadziwika ndi izi:

1. Aaztec ankakonda masewera ndi zojambula, mwachitsanzo, amadziwika ndi ziboliboli zawo.
2. Chofunika kwambiri kwa anthu awa chinali maphunziro omwe ana adalandira kuchokera kwa makolo awo, komanso ku sukulu.
3. Akatswiri a mbiri yakale amakhulupirira kuti chitukuko chakalecho chinatheratu osati chifukwa cha nkhondo zambiri, koma chifukwa cha nthomba imene inapha anthu oposa 20 miliyoni.
4. Ndikoyenera kuzindikira kukhalapo kwa dongosolo lapamwamba lolemba ndi kusunga deta: msonkho, mbiri, chipembedzo ndi zolemba zina.
5. Amuna a anthu awa adaloledwa mitala , ndipo mabanja osauka anagulitsa ana ku ukapolo, ndipo izi sizinali zachilendo.

Chitukuko chakale cha Mesopotamiya

Chifukwa chakuti Mesopotamiya anali kudera lalitali pakati pa mitsinje iwiri: Euphrates ndi Tigris, imatchedwanso Mesopotamiya. Akatswiri ena amakhulupirira kuti anthu oyambirira okhala kumadera akum'mwera anali a Sumerian, koma kale kuti dzikoli silinakhalepo ndi mafuko ena.

1. Zakale zamitundu yakale zikusonyeza kuti kunali midzi yambiri yambiri ku Mesopotamiya.
2. Anthu a m'dera lawo anali ndi malingaliro achipembedzo ambiri komanso miyambo yamatsenga.
3. M'masiku amenewo Mesopotamiya anali ndi zizindikiro zonse za chitukuko, kupatula pa kulembera, koma izi zinasintha dzikoli litakhala anthu a ku Sumeriya.

Chitukuko chakale Babulo

M'masiku amenewo Babulo anali mzinda wolemera kwambiri komanso wamphamvu kwambiri, womwe unkaoneka ngati luso laumunthu. Sizinthu zonse zokhudzana ndi zitukuko zakale zathetsedwa, koma asayansi adatha kuphunzira zambiri zosangalatsa:

1. Chofunika kwambiri ku Babulo chinali malonda, ndipo zopangidwa ndi anthu awa zinatchuka kwambiri. Mzindawu ukuonedwa kuti ndi "trendsetter".
2. Ngati dokotalayo atapanga matenda osokoneza bongo, ndiye kuti manja ake anadulidwa, ndipo uhule unali ngati ntchito yabwino.
3. Chizindikiro chotchuka kwambiri pa nthawiyi ndi minda ya Babeloni.
4. Katswiri wamakono akale analola kumanga nyumba zodabwitsa, zomwe zimangokhala malo otchuka a Tower of Babel, omwe anali pakati pa mzinda wakale.

Mibadwo yakale yodabwitsa

Padziko lapansi, pali zinthu zambiri zosiyana kwambiri zomwe zimachokera kuzinthu zenizeni, popeza palibe zotheka kuti zifotokoze zomwe zinachokera. Zinsinsi za zamoyo zomwe zawonongeka zikupitirizabe kudodometsa asayansi ambiri amene akuyesera kufika pansi pa choonadi. Psychics ndi anthu ena ogwira ntchito ndi mphamvu ndikukhala ndi mwayi woyang'ana m'mbuyomo amatsimikizira kuti mibadwo yakale inaliko.

Chitukuko cha Hyperborea

Chitukuko chimenechi chakale chili ndi dzina lina - Arktida. Zimakhulupirira kuti zinatha, komanso Atlantis, omwe amadziwika ndi ambiri, chifukwa cha Chigumula. Imfa ya mibadwo yakale ilibe umboni wotsimikizirika, koma zambiri zambiri zimadziwika kuchokera kwa anthu osiyanasiyana, zomwe ziri zowonjezereka.

1. Pali lingaliro lakuti Hyperboreans wakale anali amatsenga ndi zaka zikwi makumi awiri zapitazo kunali nkhondo yayikuru ndi anthu a Atlantis, chifukwa cha Ural chinakhazikitsidwa.
2. Anthu a Hyperborea anali ndi mphatso, ndipo anachita zonse zomwe akanatha kuti azipanga.
3. M'ncyclopedia, ma Hyperboreans amatchedwa anthu opambana omwe ankakhala m'dziko la paradaiso. Anthu akhala akukhala kosatha, osadwala komanso osangalala.

Civilization ya Lemuria

Ngati mutadalira nzeru kuchokera ku chinsinsi, ndiye kuti chitukuko choyamba chakale chinali pa dziko lonse lapansi, lomwe limatchedwa Lemuria. Dzina lina limadziwika - Mu. Zotsatirazi zikudziwika pa chitukuko ichi:

1. Iyo idakhalapo kwa zaka 52,000.
2. Anthu a ku Lemurian akale anali ataliatali mamita 18 ndipo anali ndi mphamvu zapadera .
3. Chifukwa cha kutha kwa chivomezi ndicho chivomezi chachikulu chomwe chinachitika chifukwa cha kuchoka kwa lamba la dziko lapansi.
4. Cholowa cha zitukuko zakale chimakhala mu sayansi yomanga, chifukwa chake anthu amamanga nyumba zamwala.

Hittide Civilization

Malinga ndi nthano zomwe zilipo ku Indian ndi Pacific Ocean zinali dziko lalikulu - Hittida. Zimakhulupirira kuti zinakhala ndi makolo a anthu amakono. Akatswiri a mbiri yakale apeza mapiritsi, omwe anawathandiza kuti atsegule zina mwa zinyengo zakale:

1. Mvula padziko lapansiyi inali yabwino kwa moyo wa munthu, nyama ndi zomera.
2. Dzikoli linakhazikitsidwa ndi anthu okhala ndi khungu lofiirira, lofiirira, lakuda ndi loyera. Iwo anali ndi mphamvu zauzimu, akhoza kuwuluka ndi teleport.
3. Kwa anthu, kunali kofunika kugwirizanitsa ndi chilengedwe, chomwe chinawapatsa mphamvu.
4. Mitundu yambiri yakale inamwalira chifukwa cha kuwonongeka, kotero Hittid anawonekera pambuyo pa kugunda kwa dziko lapansi ndi asteroid.
5. Malinga ndi buku lina, dziko lapansili linakhala ndi miyoyo yomwe imakhala ndi matupi oonda thupi.

Pacifida yamakono akale

Asayansi ena amakhulupirira kuti Nyanja ya Pacific ili ndi zinsinsi zambiri, pali vesi limene continentali linatayika. Kukhalapo kwake sikukambidwa kokha ndi ausotericists, komanso ochita kafukufuku amene amapeza zochitika za anthu akale.

1. Amakhulupirira kuti dzikolo linali ndi zimphona zenizeni, zomwe kukula kwake kunkafika mamita asanu, kapena kupitirira. Tsimikizirani kapena kutsutsa mfundoyi tsopano sitingathe.
2. Umboni wa kukhalapo kwa Pacifides ndi mafano akuluakulu a miyala ya moai, omwe ali pachilumba cha Easter. Asayansi sakanakhoza kudziwa zomwe zatsopano za miyambo yakale inaloledwa kuti apange mafano aakulu kwambiri.
3. Pali mabaibulo ambiri omwe akufotokozera chifukwa cha kutha kwa dzikoli komanso malinga ndi zomwe zili zodalirika pa nkhaniyi pa kayendetsedwe ka mbale zamtunda, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti Pacifida idumphire pansi. Zimakhulupirira kuti chilumba cha Isitala ndi gawo lomwe linasiyidwa ndi chitukuko chakale.

Mitundu yakale - Atlantis

Kuyambira m'masiku a ku Girisi wakale, chinsinsi cha Atlantis chiri ndi nkhawa yaumunthu ndipo asayansi ochulukirapo kwa zaka 2,5,000 adayesa kudziwa komwe kuli malo ndi mbiri ya moyo. Munthu woyamba amene analemba za Atlantis anali katswiri wafilosofi dzina lake Plato, amene mabuku ake amachokera kwa akatswiri amakono.

1. Wofoserafi ananena kuti mizinda ya chitukuko chakale inali yolemera, ndipo iye ankaganiza kuti Atlantanti kukhala mbadwa za Poseidon.
2. Miyambo yakale yomwe inkapezeka kale inali yopindulitsa, choncho kachisi wa mulungu wa Poseidon anali ndi golidi, siliva ndi zitsulo zina. Kugawo la Atlantis kunali mafano ambiri a Ambuye wa nyanja ndi mkazi wake, opangidwa ndi golidi.
3. Anthu okhala kumtunda ankasangalala ndi akavalo. Iwo ankakonda Atlante kuti azisamba madzi otentha, chifukwa panali malo ozizira ndi otentha m'deralo.
4. Atlantis anatayika chifukwa cha chivomezi chachikulu ndi kusefukira kwa madzi.
5. Kafukufuku wochuluka anachitidwa, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti azindikire nyumba ya mipingo, nyumba zosiyana ndi zinthu zina. Kuchokera pansi kunakulira makristasi omwe amatha kuwonjezera mphamvu zomwe zidutsa mwa iwo.