Nthano zakale za Chigiriki ndi zowala kwambiri, chifukwa milungu yambiri ndi amunazi amaimira mmenemo. Mmodzi wa zodabwitsa oimira ndi wokongola blonde mulungu wamkazi Athena Pallada. Atate wake, palibe wina koma mulungu wamkulu Zeus, mbuye wakumwamba. Mufunika kwake, Athena si wotsika, ndipo nthawizina amaposa bambo ake amphamvu. Dzina lake silinamwalire mu dzina la mzinda wachi Greek - Athens.
Athena ndi ndani?
Maonekedwe a Athena ali ndi zinsinsi, kuchokera mu buku lakale la "Theogony" zikutsatira kuti Zeu adaphunzira: mkazi wake wanzeru Metida ayenera kubala mwana wamkazi wamkulu ndi mwana wamwamuna. Mtsogoleriyo sanafune kupereka ziwalo zake kwa wina aliyense, ndipo adameza mkazi wake woyembekezera. Pambuyo pake, atamva kupweteka mutu, Zeus anapempha Mulungu wa Hephaestus kuti amuphe ndi nyundo pamutu - choncho mulungu wamkazi wa nkhondo ndi nzeru anaonekera mu zida zake zonse. Pokhala ndi njira ndi njira zothandizira nkhondo zachilungamo, Athena anapambana ndipo adakhalanso woyang'anira ntchito zosiyanasiyana:
- Chikhalidwe cha anthu - Athena, mulungu wamkazi wa nzeru m'mabwalo a anthu, adakhazikitsa khoti lalikulu ku Athens;
- kutumiza bizinesi ndi kuyenda - okonza mapulani Ferekle, Arg ndi Danai, motsogoleredwa ndi Athena analenga zombo zawo, zomwe Argo anatumizidwa ndi mulungu wamkazi kumwamba;
- wotsogolera zitsulo - fano la Aphrodite limaonedwa kuti ndi ntchito ya Athena mwini;
- kupukuta ndi kupota zojambula - anadzipangira zovala ndi amulungu ena. Athena anatiphunzitsa momwe tingagwirire akazi. Kupota - chizindikiro cha Athena;
- nyimbo - lipenga ndi chitoliro chachiwiri choomba cha Athena;
- machiritso ochiritsidwa ndikuchiritsidwa ndi kuthandizidwa ndi mwazi wa gorgon's jellyfish;
- wolemekezeka - muzinthu zina zabwino. Athene amakondedwa kuti aperekedwe ndi thandizo la panthawi yake. Hercules, Odysseus, Perseus, Achilles, Jason, Telemachus amphamvu a nthano zakale zachi Greek, zomwe zimatchedwa nthawi zovuta kwa Athena.
Kodi Athena amawoneka bwanji?
Mkazi wamkazi wachigiriki Athena mwachizoloŵezi amajambula pa chovala chachida, chovala chachikulu m'dzanja lake mkondo umene umawala dzuwa. Homer, wolemba wakale wa ndakatulo ya Epic "Illyada," amafotokoza Athena ngati maso, ndi maso akuthwa, odzaza ndi zida za golidi, Virgin wokongola koma "wofatsa. Ojambula amawonetsera mulungu wamkazi ali ndi nkhope yolimba, yovala, mu mkanjo wautali (peplos) kapena chipolopolo.
Chizindikiro cha Athena
Mu nthano, chinthu chilichonse chovala, maziko ozungulira mulungu ali odzaza ndi zosiyana, zomwe ziri ndi tanthauzo lopatulika. Ma archetypes ndiwo mgwirizano pakati pa anthu ndi milungu. Kudziwa zizindikiro izi, m'makumbukiro a munthuyo , zithunzi zimawoneka, zomwe mungathe kuzindikira khalidwe. Zizindikiro za Athena zikudziwika mosavuta:
- helmete Athens - yopangidwa ndi chitsulo, yokongoletsedwa ndi mahatchi 4, kapena monster ndi mchira wa njoka;
- mkondo - umodzi wa ziboliboli za mulungu wamkazi adakongoletsa kale ku Acropolis ku Atene, mkondo wake wowala, chinthu choyamba chombocho anabwerera ku mzinda;
- aegis - chishango chopangidwa ndi zikopa za mbuzi, ndi chithunzi cha fishfish yofiira Gorgon;
- Nika ndi chifaniziro cha mulungu wamkazi wachigonjetso m'dzanja la Athena;
- kadzidzi ndi chizindikiro cha nzeru;
- njoka ndi mphatso yowoneratu.
Ana Athene
Mkazi wamkazi wachigiriki wakale wa Athena ankaonedwa kuti ndi namwali woyera, Eros mwiniwakeyo sananyalanyaze pempho la amayi ake a mulungu wa Aphrodite kuti alole Athena kutsitsa chikondi, chifukwa ankaopa ngakhale kuthawa chifukwa cha kuyang'ana koopsa kwa mulunguyo. Komabe, chisangalalo cha amayi chinali chosakhala chachilendo kwa Athena ndipo analeredwa ndi ana:
- Hygia - mulungu wamkazi wa thanzi, amawonedwa ngati gwero la mwana wamkazi wa Asclepius (mchiritsi) ndi Athena;
- Erichthony ndi mwana wa Gaia ndi Hephaestus, malinga ndi nthano Hephaestus adatsata Athena ndipo adagwetsa mbewu pansi, Gaia anaganiza kuti izi ndi zonyansa kwa iye yekha ndipo anakana kulera mwana wake. Athene anabweretsa mwachinsinsi Erichthony. Mkazi wamkazi Athena nthawi zambiri amawonetsedwa ndi njoka, ofufuza amakhulupirira ndi chizindikiro cha Erichthony.
Nthano ya mulungu wamkazi Athena
Nthano zakale zachi Greek zimatchula milungu yomwe ili ngati anthu: amakonda, amadana, kufunafuna mphamvu, amafuna kutchuka. Nthano yosangalatsa yokhudza Athena, pomwe Cecrops, mfumu yoyamba ya Atene, sakanakhoza kusankha yemwe angakhale woyang'anira mzinda. Athena ndi Poseidon (mulungu wa nyanja) adayamba kutsutsana, Cecrops anapempha milunguyi kuti ikathetse mkangano mwa njira iyi: kukhazikitsa chinthu chofunika kwambiri. Poseidon anajambula kasupe wamadzi ndi katatu, Athena anawombera mkondo pansi ndipo mtengo wa azitona unayambira. Akazi anavotera Athena, amuna a Poseidon, kotero Athens anali ndi abambo awiri.