Mapiri okwera m'mapiri a Caucasus ndi Elbrus. Ikuwonedwanso kuti ndipamwamba kwambiri ku Russia ndi Ulaya yense. Malo ake ndi oti kuzungulirako kumakhala anthu angapo, omwe amatchulidwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Choncho, ngati mumamva maina monga Alberis, Oshhomaho, Mingitau kapena Yalbuz, mukudziwa kuti amatanthauza chinthu chomwecho.
M'nkhaniyi, tidzakudziwitsani ndi phiri lalitali kwambiri ku Caucasus - Elbrus, kamodzi kogwira ntchito pophala chiphalaphala, ndikukhala pamalo asanu pa dziko lapansi, pakati pa mapiri opangidwa mofanana.
Kutalika kwa mapiri a Elbrus ku Caucasus
Monga tanena kale, phiri lalitali kwambiri ku Russia ndi phiri lopanda mapiri. Izi ndizomwe zimakhalapo chifukwa chakuti pamwamba pake sichikhala ndi mawonekedwe, koma amawoneka ngati timadontho tawiri, pakati pa malo omwe pali chingwe pamtunda wa makilomita 200. Mipamwamba iwiri yomwe ili pamtunda wa makilomita atatu kuchokera mzake ndi osiyana: kum'maŵa 5621 mamita ndi kumadzulo - 5642 m M. Nthawi zonse nthawi zonse imasonyeza kufunika kwake.
Mofanana ndi mapiri onse oyambirira, Elbrus ali ndi zigawo ziwiri: malo ozungulira, pamtunda uwu ndi mamita 700, ndipo kondomu yaikulu imakhala ikuphulika (1942 m).
Kuyambira pamtunda wa mamita 3,500, pamwamba pa phiri muli chipale chofewa. Choyamba chophatikizidwa ndi miyala yamtengo wapatali, ndikudutsa mu chivundikiro choyera chofanana. Madzi otchuka kwambiri a Elbrus ndi Terskop, Bolshoy ndi Maly Azau.
Kutentha pamwamba pa Elbrus sikunasinthe ndipo kuli 1.4 ° С. Kuno kuli mvula yambiri, koma chifukwa cha kutentha kumeneku, nthawi zambiri chipale chofewa chimakhala chisanu, choncho madzi oundana samasungunuka. Popeza chipale chofewa cha Elbrus chikuwonekera chaka chonse kwa makilomita ambiri, phirili amatchedwanso "Malaya Antakartida."
Zitsulo zamaluwa zomwe ziri pamwamba pa phiri zimadyetsa mitsinje yayikulu kwambiri ya malowa - Kuban ndi Terek.
Kukwera phiri Elbrus
Kuti muwone malingaliro okongola, kutsegula kuchokera pamwamba pa Elbrus, muyenera kukwera. Izi ndi zophweka, chifukwa pamtunda wa mamita 3750 mukhoza kufika kumtunda wakumwera pa pendulum kapena chairrift. Pano pali pogona kwa oyenda "Mapiritsi". Zimayimira magalimoto 12 osungira anthu 6 ndi khitchini yosungira. Iwo ali okonzeka kuti athe kudikirira nyengo iliyonse yoipa, ngakhale kwa nthawi yaitali.
Chotsatira chotsatira nthawi zambiri chimapangidwa pamwamba pa 4100 mamita ku hotelo "Kupititsa khumi ndi chimodzi." Malo oyimirira apa adayikidwa m'zaka za zana la 20, koma adawonongedwa ndi moto. Ndiye, m'malo mwake, nyumba yatsopano inamangidwa.
Kenaka okwerapo amapita ku Pastukhov miyala (4700 mamita), kenaka pamunda wachisanu ndi scythe. Kuwoloka nsalu yonse, imakhalabe kukwera mamita 500 ndipo iwe uli pamwamba pa Elbrus.
Kwa nthawi yoyamba Elbrus anagonjetsedwa mu 1829 ndi kum'maŵa ndi 1874 kumadzulo.
Tsopano okwera mapiri amadziwika ndi massifs a Donguzorun ndi Ushba, komanso magombe a Adylsu, Adyrsu ndi Shkdada. Mowonjezereka, misa ikukwera pamwamba ili yokonzedwa. Kum'mwera ndi malo odyera masewera "Elbrus Azau". Zili ndi maulendo 7, kutalika kwa makilomita 11. Iwo ali oyenerera ovala masewera ndi oyamba kumene ndi odziwa masewera. Mdima wosiyana wa njira iyi ndi ufulu kuyenda. Pa misewu yonse chiwerengero chochepa cha mipanda ndi ogawanitsa amawonetsedwa. Kuyendera izo zikulimbikitsidwa kuyambira October mpaka May nthawi ino ndi chisanu cholimba kwambiri.
Elbrus, panthawi yomweyo, ndi phiri lokongola komanso loopsa. Ndipotu, malinga ndi asayansi, pali kuthekera kuti m'zaka 100 zotsatira phirili lidzuka, ndipo madera onse oyandikana nawo (Kabardino-Balkaria ndi Karachaevo-Cherkessia) adzavutika.