Kujambula

Popeza mphesa ndi zomera zosatha zomwe sizikula mofulumira, pakuwoneka kwa mitundu yatsopano yatsopano mu viticulture, ndondomeko monga kuumizitsa zida zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, koma sikuti aliyense amadziwa chifukwa chake, nthawi yoyenera mphesa komanso momwe angameretsere mphesa.

Zolinga zothandizira:

• kusinthidwa kwa zosiyanasiyana;
• Kufulumizitsa kubwezeretsa tchire pambuyo pa kuwonongeka;
• kubereka;
• chitetezo ku tizirombo .

Mitundu (njira) zosonkhanitsira mphesa

Kawirikawiri, katemera ukutengedwa kumtunda wakale wa mphesa (ngati chitsa) ndi kudula wobiriwira (monga scion). Kulembera uku kumatchedwa wobiriwira (chifukwa cha zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito panthawiyi). Palinso mitundu yina yotsinthanitsa: gwiritsani ntchito zobiriwira zamtengo wapatali ndi zowonongeka, ndi katundu, kapena mosiyana - koma sizothandiza.

Kuphatikizidwa kobiriwira kumachitika m'njira zingapo:

• kubowola - pamene wodulidwa ku 5-7 masentimita chitsa chaikidwa m'mphepete mwazitsulo;
• mu cleavage - pamene mdulidwe umadulidwa pakati ndi 1 kapena 2 cuttings amalowetsedwa mmenemo;
• kugwirizanitsa - pamene udzu wobiriwira suli wolekanitsidwa ndi tchire la amayi ukugwirizana ndi kudula malo ndi kugwirizana;
• kusungunula - pamene impso imodzi yokha imalowetsedwa muzitsulo pamtengo monga scion;
• kukulitsa - pamene tsinde lobiriwira liphatikizidwa pa mphukira yobiriwira mwa kudula kawiri ndikudziphatikizana nawo.

Ndiponso, malingana ndi malo omwe katemera umapangidwira, amapatsidwa mobisa ndi pansi.

Katemera wa mtundu uliwonse amachitidwa bwino mvula yamtambo kapena m'mawa, posankha njira yokhayo yokhala ndi thanzi labwino komanso losungidwa pambuyo pa nyengo yozizira.

Kodi mphesa zimagonjetsedwa liti?

Kuti katemera mphesa pafupifupi chaka chonse, nyengo zosiyana zokha zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyana.

1. Kuphatikizidwa kwa mphesa mu kasupe: kukopera, kubowola ndi kugawanitsa, monga mphukira zimakula bwino mumkhalidwe wa mkulu chinyezi isanayambe kusuntha kwa timadziti kupyolera mu chomera. Ndi bwino kuthera mu March kapena kale kumapeto kwa April - kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa May.
2. Kuphatikizidwa kwa mphesa m'chilimwe: oculization, monga nthawi imeneyi njira zonse za moyo zimakhazikika mwamphamvu ndipo kuphatikizidwa ndi muzu bwino coalesce. Koma mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito mphukira pafupifupi 6 mm m'mimba mwake. Ndibwino kuti tigwiritse ntchito pakati pa chiyambi cha June ndi pakati pa August.
3. Mphesa sizimamangirizidwa m'dzinja, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito nyengoyi kukonzekera cuttings wobiriwira. M'dzinja, kokha katemera wobisala angakhoze kuchitidwa muzu wazu, chifukwa udzatetezedwa ku kuzizira ndi kuzungulira kwa dziko lapansi.
4. Zimazizira (mphesa zowonjezera) za mphesa: zikhoza kuchitika m'nyengo yozizira, koma kuti mmera ndi kusinthanitsa zikhoza kuphatikiza nyengo isanafike masika, mwa njira yowonjezera bwino (mwachitsanzo, kupanga oblique ndi lirime).

Chisamaliro cha kusinthanitsa

Mwa njira iliyonse katemera, ndiye amafunika kusamala:

1. Chotsani mphukira zonse pa zomera (1 nthawi pa sabata), mpaka ikukula bwino. 2. Pitirizani phindu, kuti lisaswe.
2. Patapita mwezi ndi theka la zomangirira, ndipo patapita sabata kuchotsedwa kwathunthu.
3. Chitani chithandizo chodziletsa matenda ofala kwambiri.
4. Kumayambiriro kwa autumn, chotsani pakati pa maluwa akuluakulu, kuti mpesa waukulu uphuke bwino.
5. Asanayambe kuzizira nyengo (mochedwa October - kumayambiriro kwa November), katemera ayenera kuphimbidwa : wosanjikiza wa dziko lapansi kapena chophimba chilichonse.

Mothandizidwa ndi katemera, mungathe kusunga nthawi yobzala, kukonza zowonongeka kapena kupeza mitundu yatsopano ya mphesa m'munda wanu.