Padziko lapansi pali mitundu yoposa 290 ya madzi ndi mavota. Zinyama zamoyo zamoyo zakalezi zakhala zikukonzekera zaka mazana ambiri ndikuphunzira kupulumuka muzosiyana. Iwo anayamba kukhala ndi chitetezo chamatenda ku matenda ambiri, kukhala zamoyo zovuta kwambiri padziko lapansi. Nyama zokhala ndi mafupa zimatha kuthera nthawi yaitali popanda chakudya. Ndipo "zida" zawo ndizovuta kwambiri.
Nkhanza zapang'onopang'ono zimakhala zochepa kwambiri, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti kusakanizika kwa nthawi yayitali ndi kuchepetsedwa kwa njira zonse zamoyo. Ngakhale kuti simuyenera kukhulupirira zikhulupiriro zokhudzana ndi chiphuphu.
Tiyeni tiwone kuti ndi nkhumba zotani, ndi angati omwe amakhala. Ndikuganiza kuti ndondomeko ya ndende zapamtunda zili pafupi kwambiri ndi ife.
Ndi nkhuyu zingati zomwe zimakhala moyo?
Pali umboni wochuluka wosonyeza kuti zaka za tortozi zatha zaka 100. Mitsuko yofanana ya Central Asia ndi chitsanzo chabwino cha izi. Ndipo zolemba zambiri za zochitika m'mabusa a ku Yerusalemu amatiuza kuti zinyama zina zafika zaka 120.
Zitsanzo za moyo wautali zimawonetsedwa mu zojambula. Mwachitsanzo, nkhono za njovu zinapitirira zaka 150, ndipo shpornose inakwanitsa zaka 115. Buku la "Guinness Book of Records" limasonyeza zaka 152.
Chikopa cha ku Central Asia
Ndi anthu angati omwe akuyimira zida za ku Central Asia? Takhala tikuyimika monga chitsanzo, kukambirana za matope. Choyamba, tiyeni tizinena kuti uwu ndiwo mtundu wamba. Nyama yambiri ya nyamazi imakhala zaka 40. Koma pali turtles, yaitali-livers. Mwachitsanzo, marion, yemwe adadziwika kuti mmodzi wa oimira mtundu wawo anafika zaka 152. M'zilumba za Galapagos, zikopa zazikulu zimatha kukhala zaka 200. Koma kuthengo, akazi a ku Central Asia amakhala zaka 20 mpaka 30.
Ndi kovuta kuyankha funso la mavotolo angapo omwe amakhalamo. Zonse zimadalira zikhalidwe zomangidwa. Ngati mutha kukhazikitsa zinthu zabwino pafupi ndi chilengedwe, zidzakusangalatsani zaka 30, kapena zowonjezera.
Nkhuku zamoyo zingati?
Tidzaphunziranso kuti nkhumba zina zokongoletsera zimakhala bwanji. Mwachitsanzo, mtsinje.
Nkhandwe ya ku Ulaya ikukhala m'madera onse a Kum'mawa kwa Dziko Lonse. Ngakhale poyamba kwawo kunali Europe, kumene, kwenikweni, dzina. Amakhala mumadzi abwino. Ngakhale kuti inali kupezeka kuthengo mumchere wa Vityazevsky ndi Kizeltashsky. Kunyumba mosamala, kamba ikhoza kukhala ndi zaka 30, koma kuthengo panali zolemba zolembedwa pamene nyamayo inkafika ku 120.
Kodi nkhumba yofiira imakhala moyo zaka zingati?
Mofanana ndi nkhuku zina, zofiira zimakhala zaka zambiri - zaka 30. Koma mbuye wosadziwa akhoza kufikitsa mawu awa. Kumbukirani kuti munthu wokongoletsera uyu amakonda madzi komanso malo. Musati muphwanyenso pa izi.
Nkhumba zingati zimakhala moyo?
Kawirikawiri kuyembekezera moyo ndi zaka 80. Koma nkhuku zambiri sizifika pa msinkhu uwu: zina zimafa ngakhale mphukira mu dzira chifukwa chochepa kwambiri kapena kutentha.
Nkhumba zingati zimakhala popanda madzi?
"Kunyumba" kavalo nthawi zambiri "amataya". Amatha kufika pamalo osayembekezereka ndipo samatuluka nthawi yaitali. Sikofunika kulankhula za hibernation. Choncho, eni ake amayamba kuda nkhawa. Koma pachabe. Pachiweto chanu sichidzapita kutali ndi madzi. Ndipo ngati mukufuna kumuchotsa mwamsanga, yikani mbale ya madzi pamalo olemekezeka, nyamayo idzawoneka bwino, ngakhale idzapulumuka popanda madzi kwa masiku awiri kapena atatu. Mphamvu imeneyi imathandiza panthawi yopititsa akalulu.