Sayansi imagwirizana ndi kuthetsa kusamvana pakati paumwini ndi chiyanjano. Pamene vuto likufotokozedwa kumayambiriro kwa chitukuko chake, vuto limathetsedwa ndi phindu la maphwando onse. Akatswiri a zamaganizo amachititsa akatswiri komanso kufufuza zambiri pankhaniyi.
Kodi conflictology ndi chiyani?
Pogwirizana ndi maphwando angapo ophatikizana, kukangana kungabwere chifukwa cha malingaliro osiyana pa zochitika zomwezo, kusiyana kwa zofuna ndi maudindo. Conflictology monga sayansi yophunzira njira zowonekera za mikangano, mphamvu zawo ndi njira zothetsera. Zinthu zomwe mukuphunzira ndizosemphana maganizo, mikangano yokhudza maganizo. Zophunziridwa ndi anthu, magulu ndi mabungwe. Nkhani ya phunziroli ndi khalidwe lawo mukumenyana.
Zolinga za mgwirizano
Kuti mupeze chidziwitso chodalirika ponena za chikhalidwe cha mkangano, kuyanjana kwapadera kukuchitika ndi nthambi zokhudzana ndi sayansi: zokhudzana ndi zachuma, sayansi ya ndale, psychology, social etiology. Izi zimatithandiza kuti titsimikize molondola chiyambi ndi machitidwe a chitukuko cha mikhalidwe imene mikangano imayambira. Ntchito zazikulu za mgwirizano ndi:
- Kuphunzira za mikangano monga zochitika za chikhalidwe zomwe zikukhudza tsogolo la munthu, magulu a anthu komanso dziko lonse.
- Kugawidwa m'magulu a anthu odziwa za maphunziro a mgwirizano.
- Maphunziro a luso la chikhalidwe pazoyankhulana ndi ntchito zamalonda.
Njira za Conflictology
Kukula mwakuya ndi kubwezeretsanso kwachinsinsi, kulingalira mwatsatanetsatane wa chidziwitso, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zochitika za sayansi pakuchita - izi ndizo maziko a mpikisano, zomwe zimalola kudziwa njira ndi njira zothetsera mikangano. Chidziwitso chokwanira ndi chodalirika asayansi amalandira pogwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyana za sayansi. Mwachitsanzo, kusonkhanitsa uthenga, kufufuza, mayesero, ntchito za masewera zomwe zimakhudzana ndi njira zofufuza za maganizo zikuchitidwa. Njira zina zotsutsana pazomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa data:
- kuwunika;
- phunziro la zolemba;
- kufufuza;
- Kuwonetseratu zochitika za mikangano.
Pamene chidziwitso chaching'ono chikusonkhanitsidwa, conflictology imapenda mosamalitsa mwatsatanetsatane wa mbiri ndi kuyerekezera. Chidziwitso chimagwiritsidwa ntchito, chiwerengero cha chiwerengero cha kuchuluka kwa makhalidwe ndi chikhalidwe chimakhazikitsidwa (ziwerengero). Kusamvana kwamakono masiku ano kumayambitsa chitukuko cha mikangano yeniyeni m'magulu osiyanasiyana a moyo, kumathandiza kuti pakhale mgwirizano pakati pa magulu omenyana chifukwa cha kugwirizana kwawo.
Conflictologist - kodi ntchitoyi ndi yotani?
Zomwe zimafunikanso kuti anthu azitsutsana nazo zikufotokozedwa ndi mfundo yakuti panthawi yomwe akatswiri amakumana ndi mavuto osiyanasiyana amakangana kuti pangakhale mikangano yovuta pakati pa mapikisanowo. Ngati mgwirizano wa banja ukhoza kuthetsa mkangano pakati pa mamembala awo, ndiye pamsinkhu wa boma, akatswiri amatha kuletsa mikangano yovuta yomwe yakhazikitsidwa ndi ogwira ntchito zogwirira ntchito.
Udindo wa mgwirizano wamatsutso unayambika m'madera a dziko lonse m'ma 60s m'ma 1900. Pakali pano pali mabungwe onse omwe ntchito yawo yaikulu ndi kuthetsa kusamvana kwa zovuta zonse m'magulu osiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, akatswiri othandizira alimbikitsana kuthetsa mikangano m'maboma a boma kunja kwa khoti, zomwe zimachepetsa nthawi yowonongeka ndi suti. Conflictology ndipadera yomwe imaphatikizapo kugwirizana kwambiri ndi akatswiri a maganizo, apolisi, ogwira ntchito zamagulu ndi anthu.
Kodi magulu a zamaganizo akugwira ntchito ndi ndani?
Kugwirizanitsa ntchito kumagulu a mabungwe osiyanasiyana, komanso m'mabungwe apadera otsogolera. Omaliza maphunziro a mayunivesite akuitanidwa kukagwira ntchito payekha ndi m'malo onse, mu mautumiki a HR. Amalangiza anthu pa mizere "yotentha", "kupewa zinthu zovuta komanso zoopsa. Pakati pa ndale, awa ndi akatswiri odziwika bwino omwe amathandiza kuthetsa mikangano kudzera muzokambirana.
Mabuku abwino pa conflictology
Zovuta komanso nthawi yomweyo njira yosangalatsa yodziwira sayansiyi imakhudza ziphunzitso zonse zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito komanso zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mabuku ophatikizako ndi mabuku, mabuku, komanso malangizo othandiza. Mabuku amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi akatswiri ndi anthu wamba omwe amadziwa luso lokhazikitsa mikangano tsiku ndi tsiku. Kuwerenga kwabwino kwa owerenga:
- Grishina N.E. "Psychology of conflict (2nd edition)".
- Emelyanov SM "Ndemanga pazokambirana."
- Carnegie D. "Mmene mungapezere njira yothetsera vuto lililonse."