Broccoli - kukula ndi kudzikongoletsa pamtunda, malamulo osavuta okolola

Mukhoza kubzala masamba ambiri m'munda mwanu. Zothandiza komanso zokoma ndi broccoli, kulima ndi kusamalira pamalo otseguka kutsatira malamulo ena a zaulimi. Pali njira ziwiri zobzala ndi maonekedwe awo, omwe ndi ofunikira kuganizira, kotero zimayamba.

Kubzala kabichi broccoli panja

Kuti muthe kulima bwino, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti musankhe malo abwino okwera malo molondola. Chonde dziwani kuti mitundu ina ya kabichi ndi beets sayenera kukulira pa tsamba. Kubzala broccoli kuyenera kuchitidwa kumalo ounikiridwa, monga momwe chikhalidwe cha masambachi sichikusowa kumeta. Analangizidwa kuti awonjezere chinyezi, kotero chiwerengero chabwino cha mpweya ndi 85%, ndipo nthaka - 75%. Chofunikira kwambiri ndi chirengedwe cha mlengalenga.

Kubzala broccoli pamalo otseguka - mbewu

Kuyala zakuthupi kumaloledwa kusonkhanitsidwa nokha kapena kugula ku sitolo. Mbewu amafesa kuti achoke zitsanzo zazikulu zokha. Pali dongosolo linalake, momwe mungabzalitsire broccoli pamalo otseguka ndi mbewu:

1. Chofunika ndi kukonzekera koyambirira kubzala, kotero poyamba muyiike kwa mphindi 15-20. mu madzi ofunda (kutentha 50 ° C), ndiyeno, perekani kwa mphindi imodzi ozizira.
2. Kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndikuzaza mbewu ndi zinthu zothandiza, m'pofunika kuwachepetsa kwa maola 6 mpaka 12 kuti athetse madzi okwanira 1 litre, kutenga 0,3-0.5 g ya boric acid ndi 1 g ya potassium permanganate. Zilibe zothandiza kugwira mbeu mu mphulusa wa phulusa kwa maola asanu ndi asanu ndi awiri mphambu zisanu ndi ziwiri (6) Kuti muikonze mu madzi okwanira 1, onjezerani 1 tbsp. supuni ya phulusa phulusa ndikuumiriza musanagwiritse ntchito masiku awiri.
3. Pambuyo pa njira zonse, yambani nyembazo ndi kuwasiya iwo maola 24 pansi pa alumali pansi pa firiji. Kuti iwo amera, anawaika pa nsalu yonyowa.
4. Kudyetsa malo otseguka kumachitika mu nthaka yothira ndi umuna. Phimbani pamwamba ndi filimu kapena galasi kuti mupange zinthu zobiriwira. Ndibwino kuti muchotse pogona pomwe maonekedwe akukula ndi kutalika kwa 1-2 masentimita.
5. Pamene broccoli imabzalidwa, kulima ndi kusamalidwa pamalo otseguka kumaphatikizapo kuwonongeka kwa minda pambuyo pa 2-3 mapepala oyambirira apangidwa. Chifukwa chake, mtunda wa masentimita 40 uyenera kukhala pakati pa zomera.

Momwe mungamerekere broccoli pamalo otseguka ndi mbande?

Malangizo a kukula mbande kunyumba ndi ofanana ndi mbewu zina za masamba. Mwa kuika pamalo otseguka zidzakhala zokonzeka masiku 30-40, pamene pali masamba 5-6. Pali zifukwa zingapo za momwe mungabzalitsire broccoli pamalo otseguka:

1. Mlungu umodzi musanadzalemo, ndibwino kuti muwongolitse mbande, chifukwa cha masiku otentha, perekani matanki maola ambiri kunja.
2. Mu malo okonzeka kupanga mabowo, poganizira kuti pakati pawo ayenera kukhala mtunda wa 35-40 masentimita, ndi pakati pa mizere - 50-60 masentimita. Kutsika kumayenera kufanana ndi kutalika kwa mmera, ndipo izi ndi pafupifupi 20-25 masentimita. . phulusa ndi moisten nthaka bwino.
3. Kudyetsa kumalimbikitsa madzulo komanso bwino nyengo yamvula.
4. Kuyamba mbande za broccoli, kukula ndi kusamalira panja kumatanthauza kukulitsa mbande ku msinkhu wa tsinde, kotero kuti pamwamba pokha pali pamwamba. Onani kuti simungathe kudzaza nthaka ndi kukula. Ngati panthawi yopanga mbande palibe zopangidwa, ndiye kuti ikuchitika panthawiyi. Cholinga china - kukhala ndi mizu yabwino, mizu yayikulu iyenera kubweretsedwa.

Kodi kudzala kabichi broccoli pamalo otseguka?

Ngakhale kuti masamba a chikhalidwe amatha kulekerera kutentha kwa jumps, koma osati pa siteji ya kubzala, nkofunikira kuyembekezera kuti kutentha kufike. Kufesa mbewu mwachindunji kunthaka akulimbikitsidwa pasanafike masiku oyambirira a May. Ngati mukuganiza kuti mungayese bwanji broccoli pambali ndi mbande, ndiye kubzala mbewu kunyumba ayenera kuyamba mu theka lachiwiri la mwezi wa May pogwiritsa ntchito mitundu yoyambirira. Pokolola m'chilimwe, fesa mbewu za mbande kuyambira kumapeto kwa April mpaka pakati pa June. Kufesa kwa mitundu yochedwa kumachitika kumapeto kwa June.

Broccoli kabichi - kulima

Chifukwa cha mchitidwe wa ndiwo zamasamba, malo ozungulira ndi khalidwe la nthaka ayenera kuganiziridwa. Ndikofunika kunena kuti mwazinthu za mitundu iyi zimasonyezedwa kuti zimatha kulimbana ndi chisanu panthaka, kotero kufika pa -7 ° C ndi kutentha kwakukulu. Zomwe zimasangalatsa kwambiri ndi 18-20 ° C. Kupeza momwe mungamerekere broccoli panja, ziyenera kuwonetsa kuti mutatha kukolola chomera sichileka kukula, kotero simusowa kuchotsa tchire. Pambuyo pa masabata 2-3 pa mphukira zowonongeka, mosamala, mazira atsopano amapangidwa, koma zindikirani kuti mbeu yachiwiri idzakhala yaying'ono komanso yosasangalatsa.

Kukula broccoli panja - dothi

Chomera chabwino cha maluwa amenewa ndi dongo kapena nthaka ndi mchenga. Kupititsa patsogolo agrotechnical maonekedwe a malo osankhidwa, ndi bwino kuti manyowa ndi humus kapena nkhuku zigwe pansi. Asanayambe nyengo yozizira, tikulimbikitsidwa kukumba. Onani kuti kukula kwa broccoli kunja kunayenera kuchitidwa pa nthaka yamchere, ngati acidity yowonjezera, kenaka yikani katsabola kakang'ono.

Kubzala pamodzi ndi broccoli

Odziwa bwino wamaluwa amanena kuti pamene mukubzala mbewu za masamba, muyenera kuganizira momwe zimagwirizanirana. Pamene mukukula broccoli, kumbukirani kuti imakula bwino pafupi ndi mbatata, kaloti, aubergine, dzungu, tsabola ndi nkhaka. Kusagwirizana, zodabwitsa ambiri, amadziwonetsera ndi kolifulawa. Koma zipatso, broccoli imakula bwino ndi strawberries, mavwende ndi currants.

Kusamalira broccoli kumtunda

Kuti mupeze wokolola zokolola, m'pofunika kutsatira zingapo zoyamikira zokhudza chisamaliro cha masamba chikhalidwe. Njira zovomerezeka zimaphatikizapo kuthirira ndi kuthirira feteleza nthawi zonse, komanso kumasula nthaka ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Kusamalira broccoli pamalo otseguka kumatanthawuza kuti mwezi mutabzala tchire, ndiye mapiri ndikumasula nthaka m'madera ozungulira. Dziwani kuti kumayambiriro kwa chitukuko mbande zimawopa dzuwa, choncho ziphimbe iwo ndi lapnika kapena ndowa.

Kuwaza broccoli panja

Mitundu yonse ya chikhalidwe ichi, kuphatikizapo broccoli, ikufuna ulimi wothirira, koma chinyezi chochulukirapo cha chikhalidwe cha masamba sichivomerezeka. Ngati dothi liri lonyowa kwambiri, ndiye kuti zowononga tizilombo tosiyanasiyana ndi matenda othetsera matenda ndi zotheka. Kusamalira kabichi wa kabichi kumatanthauza kuthirira moyenera, koma kuyanika kwa nthaka sikuletsedwa. Nthaŵi zambiri, ulimi wothirira pa sabata ndi wokwanira, koma pamadzi otentha mtengowo uyenera kuwonjezeka. Ngati kutentha kumatuluka panja, tsambulani zomera madzulo.

Kupaka zovala za broccoli pamalo otseguka

Kuti apange mitu yayikulu, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tizikhala nawo nthawi zonse kudyetsa.

1. Nthawi yoyamba feteleza imayamba masabata awiri mutabzala mbande. Gwiritsani ntchito yankho la mullein , poti 1 tbsp. organic ayenera kugwera pa chidebe cha madzi. Ikani supuni 1 ya urea mu njira. Mmalo mwa mullein, manyowa a nkhuku angagwiritsidwe ntchito, kusakaniza ndi madzi pafupifupi 1:20. Ngati nyembazo zafesedwa pakhomo, ndiye kuti feteleza iyenera kuyambitsidwa patatha masabata atatu chitatha.
2. Kulima ndi kusamalira kumatanthawuza kuti wachiwiri amadyetsa patatha masabata awiri mutatha kubereka. Gwiritsani ntchito nitrate, yonjezerani makina owonetserako bwino ku chidebe cha madzi.
3. Chakudya chachitatu cha kabichi wa broccoli pamalo otseguka ndi potash-phosphoric. Tengani 20 g wa superphosphate, 10 g wa ammonium nitrate ndi 5 g wa potaziyamu sulphate pa 5 l madzi.
4. Pamene mutu wapakati umadulidwa, pofuna kulimbikitsa kukula kwa phokoso losakanikirana, gwiritsani ntchito njirayi mosamala: 5 malita a madzi, tengani 5 g wa ammonium nitrate, 10 g wa superphosphate ndi 20 g wa potaziyamu sulphate. Aliyense chitsamba kutsanulira 1 lita imodzi yomalizidwa yankho.
5. Kuti chitukuko chabwino cha broccoli, kukula ndi kusamalidwa pamtunda ndikuphatikizapo feteleza ndi phulusa, zomwe ziyenera kufalikira kuzungulira malowa, kupatsidwa kuti mamita 1 lalikulu ayenera kudyedwa pamtunda umodzi.

Tizilombo ndi matenda a broccoli

Zolephera za msikawu zikuphatikizapo kuti ndizovuta kwambiri ku matenda osiyanasiyana ndi tizirombo. Mavuto ambiri ndi awa:

1. Pakulima mmimba, mwendo wakuda umawonekera, choncho sizowonjezeka kuti uzibzala pamalo pomwe zikhalidwe za cruciferous zimakula. Kuti vuto silikuwoneka, sikoyenera kubzala minda. Chotsani matendawa, broccoli nthawi zambiri sungathe kuchotsedwa ndi mbande.
2. Mukakukula kumalo otseguka, n'kotheka kuyambitsa slugs ndi kupulumutsidwa kwa iwo ngati mutayaza nthaka ndi dzira losweka la dzira.
3. Mitundu yonse imadwala ndi mbozi, yomwe pamapeto pake imakula kukhala agulugufe. Pofuna kuteteza mawonekedwe awo, ndibwino kuti tiyime pafupi ndi broccoli marigold. Ngati iwo akuwoneka, ndiye ayenera kuchotsedwa pamanja.
4. Tizilombo toopsa kwambiri tikadali aang'ono ndi zomera za sacral. Mukhoza kumenyana nawo ndi tsabola kapena phulusa, zomwe zimayambidwa ndi kubzala.