Kuchokera ku maphunziro a sukulu za geography timadziwa kuti Japan ndi dziko lachilumba. Koma sikuti aliyense amakumbukira momwe zilumba zambiri ku Japan, monga chilumba chachikulu cha dzikoli zimatchulidwira, komanso pachilumba chomwe chili likulu la Japan.
Choncho, m'gawo la boma muli zilumba zoposa 3,000 za m'nyanja ya Pacific, zomwe zimapanga malo okongola kwambiri ku Japan. Kuwonjezera apo, kuyang'aniridwa ndi dzikoli ndizilumba zazing'ono zosawerengeka, kutali ndi zilumba za makilomita zikwi zambiri ndikupanga katundu wanyanja.
Zilumba zazikulu za dzikoli
Tiyeni tilingalire chilumba chachikulu cha dera la state:
- Chilumba chachikulu kwambiri ku Japan, chomwe chili ndi pafupifupi 60 peresenti ya dera lonselo ndipo ndizilumba zambiri zinayi - chilumba cha Honshu , chomwe chimatchedwanso Hondo ndi Nippon. Ndilo likulu la dzikolo - Tokyo ndi mizinda yofunika kwambiri ya dziko monga Osaka , Kyoto , Nagoya ndi Yokohama . Dera la chilumba cha Honshu ndilo lalikulu mamita 231,000. km, ndipo chiwerengero cha anthu ndi 80% mwa anthu onse a boma. Chilumbachi chimakhala ndi zinthu zambiri zokondweretsa alendo. Pano pali chizindikiro chachikulu cha Japan - phiri lopambana la Fuji .
- Chilumba chachiwiri chachikulu ku Japan ndi Hokkaido , yemwe poyamba ankatchedwa Jesso, Edzo ndi Matsumae. Hokkaido imasiyanitsidwa ndi Honshu ndi mliri wa Sangarsky, dera lake ndi lalikulu mamita 83,000. km, ndi chiwerengero cha anthu 5.6 miliyoni. Pa midzi yayikuru pachilumbachi, mungatchule Chitose, Wakkanay ndi Sapporo . Popeza nyengo ya ku Hokkaido imakhala yozizira kwambiri kuposa onse a ku Japan, a Japan amachitcha chilumbachi "kumpoto kwakukulu". Ngakhale kuti nyengo ilipo, mtundu wa Hokkaido ndi wolemera kwambiri, ndipo gawo limodzi la magawo khumi mwa magawo asanu ndi awiri a malowa ndizitetezedwa.
- Chilumba chachitatu chachikulu pazilumba za Japan, chomwe ndi dera losiyana la zachuma ndi chilumba cha Kyushu . Malo ake ndi mamita lalikulu zikwi makumi awiri. km, ndi chiwerengero cha anthu pafupifupi 12 miliyoni. Posachedwapa, chifukwa cha makampani ambiri osungirako ma microelects, chilumba cha Kyushu ku Japan chimatchedwa "silicone". Palinso makampani ogulitsa zitsulo komanso mankhwala, komanso ulimi, kubereka ng'ombe. Mizinda ikuluikulu ya Kyushu ndi Nagasaki , Kagoshima, Fukuoka , Kumamoto ndi Oita. Pali mapiri okwera panthaka pachilumbachi.
- Zotsiriza pa mndandanda wa zilumba zazikulu za Japan ndizochepa kwambiri - chilumba cha Shikoku . Malo ake ndi mamita 19,000 lalikulu. km, ndi chiwerengero cha anthu pafupifupi 4 miliyoni. Mbiri ya dziko la Shikoku inabweretsedwanso ndi mipingo 88 ya maulendo. Mizinda yambiri ya chilumbachi ili kumpoto kwa chilumbachi, pakati pa otchuka kwambiri ndi Tokushima, Takamatsu, Matsuyama ndi Kochi. M'dera la Shikoku, zomangamanga zovuta, zomangamanga ndi ulimi zikukula bwino, koma ngakhale izi, zopereka zazing'ono zimapangidwira chuma cha ku Japan - 3% yokha.
Zilumba Zapang'ono za ku Japan
Mapangidwe amakono a Japan, kuphatikizapo zilumba za ku Japan, zimaphatikizaponso chiwerengero chachikulu chazilumba zazing'ono (kuphatikizapo osakhalamo) zomwe zimadziwika ndi nyengo, zokopa , chikhalidwe, zakudya komanso zinenero zina. Kuchokera ku malo owonetsa alendo, malo okondweretsa kwambiri ndi awa:
- Hasim ndi chilumba chosiyidwa ku Japan, komanso Gunkanjima kapena Gankajima. Pafupifupi zaka 50 iyi inali imodzi mwa malo ambiri padziko lapansi, koma pambuyo poti minerals yonse itatha, anthu amachoka m'deralo. Hasim adasandulika kukhala chilumba chakuzimu;
- Okinawa , wodziŵika ku Japan monga chilumba cha yaitali-liver. Pano pali anthu theka la milioni omwe msinkhu wawo wayamba wapitirira zana. Ndizodabwitsa kuti anthu a ku Japan, omwe afika pa msinkhu wa ulemu, amawoneka ndi achinyamata, ndipo samadziwika bwino ndi matenda monga matenda a mtima kapena khansa;
- Chilumba cha Aogashima kwenikweni ndi chiphalaphala chophulika ku Japan, komanso chilumba chokongola kwambiri chomwe chimakopa asodzi ndi oyendayenda omwe akuyembekezera zovuta zachilendo ku Land of the Sun;
- Odaiba ndi chilumba chachikulu chodziwika ku Japan, chomwe chimatchulidwa kuti "chilumba cha zinyalala". Mbiri ya Odaiba imasonyeza luso lapadera la Achijapane kupanga chojambula chenicheni ngakhale ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zinyalala;
- malo aang'ono Aoshima , omwe ku Japan amaonedwa kuti ndi chilumba cha amphaka. Palibe malo odyera ndi masitolo, ndipo anthu amakhala ochepa kwa anthu awiri okha. Komabe, alendo amadziwa chilumba ichi chifukwa cha anthu akuluakulu - amphaka, omwe ali oposa 120;
- chilumba chakumwera cha Japan ndi dzina losangalatsa la Ishigaki , lomwe limatanthauza "chilumba cha mpanda wamwala". Lili m'gulu la chilumba cha Ryukyu. Chokopa chachikulu cha chilumbachi ndi phiri la Omoto, lomwe lifika mamita 529.
Kuril Islands ndi Japan
Chokhumudwitsa pakati pa Japan ndi Russia chakhala zilumba zotsutsana, zomwe a ku Japan amachitcha kuti "Northern Territories", ndi Russia - "Southern Kuriles". Zonsezi, mndandanda wa Kuril uli ndi zisumbu 56 ndi miyala ya ku Russia. Malo akuti dziko la Japan limangopanga zilumba zokha za Kunashir, Iturup, Shikotan ndi unyolo wa zilumba za Habomai. Pakalipano, mkangano wokhudzana ndi umwini wa zilumbazi salola kuti mayiko oyandikana nawo adze nawo mgwirizano wamtendere umene unaphwanyidwa panthawi ya nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse. Kwa nthawi yoyamba, dziko la Japan linapereka ufulu wokhala ndi zilumba zotsutsana mu 1955, koma kuyambira nthawi imeneyo funso silinasinthe.