Kulima nyumba sikokhalitsa, koma ndi thanzi. Anthu mazana ambiri padziko lonse amakonda kukalima maluwa ndi maluwa. Zambiri mwa zomerazi sizowoneka bwino, komanso zimathandiza kwambiri pa thanzi. Nasturtium imatanthawuza molondola kwa zoterozo.
M'nkhani ino tikambirana za nasturtium - kuika kwake, maluwa ndi tizirombo. Tidzakuuzani momwe mungamere nasturtium kuchokera ku mbewu ndi momwe mungasamalirire kuti mbewuyo ikhale yathanzi komanso yamphamvu.
Malo a maluwawo ndi Central ndi South America, ndipo zomera izi zili ndi mitundu yoposa 45. Dzina lakuti "nasturtium" linachokera ku liwu lachilatini lotanthawuza "katatu". Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha maluwa ndi masamba a nasturtium, kukumbukira chisoti ndi chishango, motero. Nasturtiums akhoza kukhala pachaka kapena osatha.
Muwonekedwe ndi chomera cha herbaceous kapena sing'anga chokula cha hafu-shrub ndi phesi lamphamvu yowutsa madzi ndi nthambi zambiri. Kuyambira, masamba obiriwira, ophimbidwa ndi sera ya sera, pa tsinde akukonzedwa mwa dongosolo lolimba. Maluwa osasintha, osakwatiwa, amaikidwa m'mayendedwe a masamba ndipo amakhala ndi fungo losangalatsa kwambiri.
Kodi mungatani kuti mukhale ndi nasturtium?
Mbewu za nasturtium ya sing'anga kukula - mu 1 g kuchokera mbewu 10 mpaka 40 mu chipolowe wandiweyani. Kukula kwa mphamvu ya inoculum kumasungidwa kwa zaka 3-4.
Nasturtium ndikumwera, ndipo chotero chomera chotentha kwambiri. Ngati mwasankha kubzala nthawi yomweyo, dikirani mpaka ikhale bwino (osati kale kuposa May). Pokula mbande, fesa nasturtium ingakhale kale mu March-April. Musanafese, mbewu imathiridwa madzi otentha kwa maola 12-24. Bzalani m'magulu - mbeu 2-4 patsiku, pambuyo pake nthakayo imanyowetsedwa ndi madzi. Kenaka mphika wa mbewu umadzazidwa ndi filimu ndikuyika malo otentha. Mphukira zoyamba zimaonekera patatha masiku 12-14. Maluwa amayamba pafupipafupi mwezi ndi theka pambuyo kutuluka.
Chifukwa chiyani nasturtium siimabuka:
- Kutentha kotsika.
- Kutentha kwambiri.
- Mbali yosauka ya mbewu.
- Dothi lolemera kwambiri kapena mbeu yozama kwambiri pansi.
Kubzala nasturtium pansi
Chomeracho chili ndi mizu yambiri yosangalatsa ndipo sichilola kulemba. Ngati mwasankha kukula nasturtium kupyolera mu mbande, samalani kuchepetsa kuvulala panthawi yoikapo mbeu - tibzalani mu kapu kapena zitsulo zochotsa pansi. Mukamabzala pansi, mtunda wa pakati pa zomera ukhale 25-30 cm.
Kukula nasturtium kuyenera kukhala pamalo abwino komanso otayika bwino. Mu mthunzi, zomera zimakhala zopyapyala ndipo zimadulidwa, maluwa samapanga. Ndikofunika kwambiri kusamalira nthaka yabwino yachonde komanso yachonde ya zomera - iyi ndiyo njira yokhayo yowonetsetsera maluwa okongola kwambiri. Kuchulukitsa organic kapena mchere nayitrogeni feteleza amachititsa nasturtium kutulutsa masamba ambiri, koma mitundu yochepa. Nasturtiums amavomereza bwino potash phosphorous feteleza.
Kuti mutalike maluwa, maluwa akufa ayenera kuchotsedwa popanda kuyembekezera kusasitsa kwa mbeu (ndithudi, kokha ngati simukukonzekera kusonkhanitsa mbewu zambiri chaka chotsatira).
Tizilombo ndi matenda a nasturtium
Nasturtium amatha kuwonedwa ndi tizirombo ta cruciferous zikhalidwe - nsabwe za m'masamba, cruciferous utitiri, whiten, kabichi moths, kangaude mite ndi chimbalangondo . Polimbana nawo, nthawi zonse muyenera kuwononga tizirombo pogwiritsa ntchito dzanja kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala okonzekera.
Kawirikawiri, ndi chisamaliro chosayenera, masamba a chomera amasintha mtundu. Zifukwa zomwe masambawo amatembenukira chikasu mu nasturtium, pakhoza kukhala ambiri, koma ambiri mwa iwo:
- madzi;
- kusowa kwa zakudya;
- kusowa kwa kuwala;
- matenda (nasturtium mosaic).
Kuwonjezera pa chikasu cha masamba, amawonekeranso-madontho ang'onoang'ono a mdima wofiira omwe amapita kufalikira mpaka tsamba lonse. Kuonjezerapo, zomera zimakhudzidwa ndi mabakiteriya, ovunda, imvi, mavairasi ndi dzimbiri.
Pofuna kuthana ndi matenda, ndikofunika kuchotsa ndi kuwotcha madera omwe akukhudzidwapo nthawi, ndikuchiza mankhwala abwino ndi mankhwala apadera.