Kuti mudziwe chithunzi chonse cha umoyo waumunthu, kuyezetsa magazi kumachitidwa. Njira iyi ndi yodalirika ndipo imakulolani kuphunzira zambiri zokhudza katswiri. Mwachiwonetsero chachikulu, kuchuluka kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya leukocyte kumawerengedwa. Choncho, ngati mbali zina za neutrophils zowonjezereka, izi zikhoza kusonyeza kuti pali matenda akuluakulu omwe amafunika kuchipatala mwamsanga.
Kodi ma neutrophils amagawidwa ndi chiyani?
Dzina lawo limaperekedwa kwa maselo chifukwa cha zigawo zomwe mazikowo amapangidwa. Zigawo izi, chiwerengero chomwe chili mukatichi chikhoza kukhala pakati pa ziwiri kapena zisanu, zimalola kuti leukocyte zisamuke ku ziwalo zosiyanasiyana. Mukamalowa m'thupi mwa thupi mumadziwa kuti pali zamoyo zakuthengo, ndikuzichotsa.
Mwazi wamagazi ndi leukocyte yomwe imapangidwa ndi ndodo, yomwe imayimira gawo loyambirira la kukula kwa matupi a nyukiliya. Kutalika mu magazi a maselo okhwima a neutrophils ndi aakulu, chifukwa chiwerengero chawo ndi chapamwamba kusiyana ndi maselo osambira.
Komabe, kufotokoza kumaganizira kusokonekera kwa zomwe zili m'matendawa awiriwa. Chifukwa chakuti kuchepa kwawo kungasonyeze kuti ndi matenda aakulu.
Mawere a neutrophils ndi a leukocyte akuwonjezeka
Ma neutrophils onse amagawidwa kukhala stabnuclear ndi gawo-nyukiliya. Kawirikawiri, nambala ya stabs ndi 1-6%, ndipo gawo-nucleated - 70%. Ntchito ya maselo ndiyokuteteza munthu ku zamoyo zina, mavairasi ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Mankhwalawa amatha kusunthira ku kutupa kwa kutupa. Njira yowonjezera chiwerengero cha neutrophils amatchedwa neutrophilia.
Monga lamulo, ndi neutrophilia, magawo ophatikizana ndi obaya mapiritsi ena amayamba kuwonjezeka mwa munthu wamkulu. Nthawi zina maselo a myelocyte amaoneka m'magazi. Kuoneka kwa maselo otere komanso kuwonjezeka kwa panthawi imodzi pamtundu wa neutrophils kumapangitsa kusintha kwa maselo oyera a m'magazi kumanzere, komwe nthawi zambiri kumakhala ndi maonekedwe a poizoni wambiri. Chochitika ichi chikuchitika pamene thupi liri ndi kachilombo ka matenda osiyanasiyana, kukhalapo kwa kutupa, komanso kutentha kwa thupi komanso zovuta.
Mawere a neutrophils amodzi awonjezeka - zomwe zimayambitsa
Pamene maselo ogawanika m'magazi akukwera, izi zikhoza kusonyeza kukhalapo kwa thupi la matenda opatsirana kwambiri, kukhalapo kwa chotupa chachikulu kapena kuledzeretsa, komwe kumadziwika ndi kusungunuka kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi mankhwala a ntchito zawo.
Kusintha kwa maonekedwe a magazi kungasonyeze:
- chitukuko cha matenda (spirochetosis, mycosis, tick-borne-encephalitis);
- kukhalapo kwa zotupa, matenda a miyendo;
- Nephropathy ndi kusokoneza kayendedwe kamakono;
- Njira yotupa ndi gout, nyamakazi, chifuwa chachikulu, kupunduka kwa ziwalo, kuwonongeka kwa minofu;
- kuwonjezeka mu shuga la magazi.
Magulu amodzi ndi apamwamba, ndipo ma lymphocytes amachepetsedwa
Zingatheke kuti chiwerengero cha neutrophils chichepetse, ndipo chiwerengero cha ma lymphocytes chikuwonjezeka. Chodabwitsa ichi chimatchedwa lymphopenia, ndipo chimayamba makamaka chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa chiwerewere, kukula kwa matenda opatsirana kwambiri, matenda opatsirana, X-ray mankhwala, mankhwala opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, kupatsirana kwa dzuwa, matenda a magazi, komanso atagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yaitali. Kusintha kwa ma lymphocytes ambiri kumasonyezanso maonekedwe a khansa ya m'magazi, yomwe imayambitsa vutoli, pakupezeka kwa zotupa zakupha.
Kuonjezera apo, zifukwa za kuchuluka kwa maselo ogawidwa akhoza kukhala kusintha kwa thupi komwe kumakhudza nkhawa ya nthawi yaitali, matenda am'mbuyomu komanso kuwonjezereka.