Matenda a khungu, kulemera kwa thupi, machitidwe a mtima ndi zinthu zina za thupi zimayendetsedwa ndi mahomoni. Zimapangidwa ndi zipangizo zapadera - adlandal gland ndi pituitary gland. Ngati kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa ziwalo kumasokonezeka, kusamvana kwa endocrine kumachitika.
Matenda a Isenko-Cushing - ndi chiyani?
Mafotokozedwe omwe amavomereza (hypercorticosis) ndi gulu la matenda omwe adrenal cortex imapanga kuchuluka kwa cortisol kapena hormone ya adrenocorticotropic. Ndikofunika kusiyanitsa pakati pa vuto lomwe mukuliganizira ndi matenda a Cushing. Ndichilonda chachiwiri cha kachitidwe ka endocrine, kumayambitsa motsutsana ndi matenda a hypothalamus ndi chifuwa cha pituitary.
Cushing's Syndrome - Zimayambitsa
Pali zifukwa zambiri zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa. Zonse zomwe zimayambitsa hypercorticism zimagawidwa kukhala mitundu itatu:
- chodziwika;
- chokhazikika;
- ntchito.
Zovuta kwambiri hypercorticosis
Matendawa a Itenko-Cushing akukula mothandizidwa ndi zinthu zina. Chomwe chimayambitsa kupezeka kwake ndi kupitilira kwa glucocorticosteroid mahomoni. Matenda oterewa amayamba chifukwa cha mankhwala, choncho amatchedwanso iatrogenic hypercorticism. Kawirikawiri imachitika pambuyo pakuika - mavitamini okonzekera mahomoni amalamulidwa kuti aziletsa chitetezo chokwanira ndi kupewa kukanidwa kwa chiwalo. Mankhwala a hypercorticism amayamba ndi mankhwala opweteka aakulu:
- nyamakazi ya nyamakazi;
- mphutsi yamoto;
- systemic lupus erythematosus.
Matenda osakanikirana ndi hypercorticosis
Matendawa amapezeka chifukwa cha mavuto a mkati mwa thupi. Zomwe zimayambitsa chitukuko ndizo zomwe zimayambitsa kusokonekera kwa adrenal cortex:
- hyperplasia ;
- khansara;
- chowopsa;
- kupweteka.
Kuchotsa kukula kwa ziwalo zowonjezereka kungakhale chibadwidwe, choncho chimodzi mwa zifukwa zowonjezera kwa hypercorticism ndi chibadwa cha thupi. Matenda a Itenko-Cushing imayambanso chifukwa cha ziphuphu, koma ndi ziwalo zina:
- chithumwa;
- ovari;
- kuwala;
- chithunzi;
- mitsempha;
- mphutsi kapena chithokomiro;
- bronchi.
Cushing's pseudo-syndrome
Pali zinthu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kortisol yochuluka, koma palibe zotupa zowononga mahomoni m'thupi. Izi ndi matenda ogwira ntchito a hypercorticism, nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi matenda a ubongo ndi maganizo. Chifukwa cha zolakwa zomwe zimakhala ndi chithunzi chachipatala, zofanana kwambiri ndi matenda enieni. Nthawi zina matenda osokoneza bongo Itenko-Cushing akumupweteka:
- kunenepa kwambiri;
- mimba;
- uchidakwa (kumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso);
- chowopsa ;
- Kuphwanya kwa kapweya wamagazi.
Matenda a Itenko-Cushing - zizindikiro
Chinthu chachikulu cha hypercorticism ndi kuika mafuta m'madera ambiri:
- khosi;
- mutu;
- mimba;
- chifuwa.
Chifukwa cha kunenepa kwambiri, zimawoneka zosavuta kudziwa matenda a Itenko-Cushing, zomwe zizindikiro zake ndi izi:
- nkhope yoyang'ana;
- miyendo yopanda malire poyerekeza ndi thupi;
- zofiira-buluu zimatambasula pamakowa, m'chiuno, m'mimba, mapewa;
- kuvutika maganizo ndi psychosis chifukwa cha kulemera kwakukulu ndi mawonekedwe osakhutiritsa.
Ngati palibe mankhwala, mahomoni amatha mofulumira. Kukula kwa Cushing's matenda, zomwe zizindikiro zake ndi izi:
- Kuwonjezera tsitsi lazimayi (hirsutism mu mtundu wamwamuna);
- kuthamanga kwa magazi;
- kusamba kwa mliri;
- kusowa;
- myopathy;
- matenda otsegula m'mimba ndipo amagwirizana nawo kawirikawiri kupasuka kwa mafupa;
- mutu;
- kusowa tulo;
- matenda;
- kufooka;
- minofu;
- hernia m'mimba;
- thukuta;
- chitowe ;
- kuthamanga kwa madera ena a khungu;
- kupindika kwa msana;
- zovuta zapathupi pamimba;
- kuchepa kwachitetezo cha chitetezo cha mthupi;
- kuwala kowala.
Isenko-Cushing matenda - matenda
Chinthu chachikulu chimene chimalola kuti munthu aziganiza kuti hypercorticism ndi zizindikiro za matenda. Atatha kusonkhanitsa anamnesis ndi kufufuza kozama, katswiri wamaphunziro a zachipatala amapereka maphunziro angapo kuti adziwe zomwe zimayambitsa zochitika zachipatala, kusiyana kwa matenda ndi matenda ena. Cushing's syndrome - matenda:
- kusanthula mkodzo ndi magazi pa zomwe zimapezeka mu corticosteroid;
- mafilimu a chigawo cha Turkey ndi chigaza;
- mapulogalamu a makina kapena maginito opanga maginito a gland;
- dexamethasone;
- biochemistry ya magazi;
- X-ray ya msana ndi thorax;
- zojambula za adrenal glands.
Matenda a Isenko-Cushing - mankhwala
Njira zamankhwala zimadalira zifukwa zomwe zinayambitsa hypercorticism. Ndizimene zimakhala zochepa, kuchepetsa kuchepa, kuchepa kwa mlingo wa glucocorticoids kapena kubwezeretsedwa ndi mankhwala ena opatsirana pogonana kumalimbikitsidwa. Mwachimodzimodzinso, kuchiritsidwa kwa matenda a Itenko-Cushing, omwe cholinga chake ndi kubwezeretsa njira zamagetsi ndi kulemera kwa thupi, zimachitika.
Ngati vutoli limayambira chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa cortisol, chiwerengero chake chiyenera kuchotsedwa. Njira yokhayo yogwira ntchito pamaso pa zotupa zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a Cushing akuchitidwa opaleshoni. Neoplasm imachotsedwa, kenako imakhala ndi ma radiation ndi mankhwala opitirira nthawi yaitali. Sankhani mankhwala omwe amachepetsa ma cormidalidoni m'magazi ndikuletsa kupanga:
- Mitotane;
- Aminoglutethimide;
- Mammoth ndi ena.
Kuwonjezera pamenepo, m'pofunika kusiya zizindikiro za matenda. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito (pakusankha katswiri wotchedwa endocrinologist):
- kukonza potaziyamu;
- mankhwala osokoneza bongo;
- zakudya;
- mavitamini ndi mchere;
- mankhwala a hypoglycemic;
- calcitonins;
- bisphosphonates;
- anabolic steroids;
- zosangalatsa;
- anti-depressants.
Zakudya zabwino zowonjezereka
Zakudya siziwathandiza kuchepetsa kupanga kortisol, koma zimatsimikizira kuti njira yowonongeka yamagetsi imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'thupi. Ndikofunika kuti zitha kusokoneza hypercorticism - chithandizochi chimaphatikizapo kuwongolera zakudya ndi kuletsa kapena kuchotsa zinthu zotsatirazi:
- margarine;
- mafuta;
- mayonesi;
- bata;
- zosuta;
- mchere;
- nyama yochuluka ndi nsomba;
- kuphika;
- marinades;
- pickling;
- tiyi wolimba ndi khofi;
- mowa;
- maswiti.
Kuwongolera matenda a Itzenko-Cushing ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito:
- mazira;
- mankhwala opangira mkaka;
- tchizi;
- msuzi wobiriwira kapena wobiriwira;
- phokoso;
- nyama yophika;
- zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba;
- mdima;
- mitsuko yamitsamba;
- osali acid acid ndi zakumwa zakumwa.
Zovuta za matenda a Itenko-Cushing
Matendawa amawoneka kuti amatha kupita patsogolo, ngati palibe mankhwala okwanira angathe kuwopsa. Matendawa ndi matenda a Itenko-Cushing ali ndi mavuto ngati awa:
- kupweteka;
- chiwonetsero cha ntchito ya mtima;
- sepsis;
- kuperewera kwa chiwindi;
- pyelonephritis;
- pulogoni;
- mafupa ochuluka a mafupa;
- kuwonongeka kosasinthika kwa msana;
- feteleza;
- kupanga mapangidwe a impso;
- Khungu la bakiteriya ndi bakiteriya limadwalitsa ndi kukhutira;
- kupatuka kwapadera;
- zovuta zovuta.
Nthawi zina matenda kapena matenda a Itenko-Cushing amachititsa chiopsezo choopsa kwambiri chomwe chingathe kuthetsa mavuto - adrenal (adrenal). Zizindikiro zake:
- hypoglycemia;
- ululu waukulu m'mimba;
- kusanza kosayenera;
- chithandizo;
- kutaya chidziwitso;
- dontho lakuthwa la kuthamanga kwa magazi;
- hyponatremia;
- mavitamini a acidosis.