Maholide ku Indonesia

Indonesia ndi imodzi mwa mayiko owala kwambiri komanso okongola kumene oimira zipembedzo zosiyana ndi amitundu akukhala mwamtendere pazilumba pafupifupi 18,000. Ku Indonesia kuli miyambo yosangalatsa ya zikondwerero ndi zikondwerero, zomwe zimapezeka mumzinda ndi zilumba zosiyanasiyana, koma palinso zomwe zimagwirizanitsa anthu onse.

Maholide onse a dziko angagawidwe m'magulu anayi:

• boma;
• dziko;
• chipembedzo;
• zikondwerero ndi ena.

Maholide Ambiri ku Indonesia

Iwo ali ovomerezeka tsiku lililonse kwa onse okhalamo. Izi zikuphatikizapo:

1. January 1 - Chaka chatsopano. Amakondedwa ndi anthu ammudzi ndi alendo omwe amabwera kuno ndi tchuthi lalitali kwambiri ku Indonesia (limakondwerera pafupifupi masabata awiri), lowala kwambiri komanso lokongola. M'mabwalo akuluakulu ndi m'mabwalo a ndege, khalani ndi kukongoletsa mitengo ya Khirisimasi. M'malo ogulitsa ndi malonda ambiri, pa malo otseguka - zikondwerero, ma discos, zikondwerero ndi zowonetsera moto, kumalo odyera ndi odyera - zosangalatsa. Ku Bali, pa Chaka Chatsopano, ammudzi amanga zipilala zamitundu ikuluikulu ya mpunga, zomwe amadya pambuyo pa tchuthi. Ku Indonesia, mulibe zozizira zambiri pazochitika za Chaka chatsopano poyerekezera ndi mayiko ena aku Asia, koma misewu nthawi zonse imakhala yambiri, ndipo anthu am'deralo ali pamtunda waukulu.
2. August 17 - Tsiku Lopambana la Indonesia. Imodzi mwa zikondwerero zofunikira kwambiri komanso nthawi yomweyo masiku amtunduwu. Konzekerani kuti liyambe pasadakhale, kuikapo ngati kuli kotheka zokongoletsa zofiira ndi zoyera, kuimira mbendera ya Indonesia. Misewu imakhala yokonzeka bwino, zokongoletsera zokongola zimapachikidwa. Pulogalamuyi ikuyamba ndi kukwezedwa kwa mbendera ya dziko pamaso pa mtsogoleri wa boma, pambuyo pake maphwando akuluakulu, mapulumulo ndi ziwonongeko zimachitika m'misewu. Kuwonjezera apo, pa Tsiku la Ufulu, zozizira ndi zosangalatsa zimakonzedwa (mwachitsanzo, mphatso ndi zodabwitsa zimapachikidwa pamwamba pa dongo ndi mafuta a khola, zomwe zidzaperekedwa kwa omwe angakhoze kukwera pamwamba).
3. December 25 - Khirisimasi Yachikatolika. Ikukondwerera ku Indonesia kwa masiku angapo ndikuyenda bwino mu Chaka Chatsopano. Panthawi ino, pali mapulogalamu ambiri osangalatsa, maulendo akuluakulu a pamsewu, zikondwerero. Mu malo ogula mungagule masewero ambiri, pitani malonda, mutenge nawo mpikisano, yesetsani zokoma zokoma za zakudya za dziko la Indonesia .

Maholide a ku Indonesia

Masiku ano m'dzikoli ndi antchito, koma kuchuluka kwa zikondwerero sikunsika kwa boma. Maholide apadziko lonse ndi awa:

1. April 21 - Tsiku la Cartini. Adatchulidwa dzina loti heroine wa dzikoli, Raden Agenz Cartini, yemwe anayambitsa gulu lachikazi ku Indonesia, akumenyera akazi ndi amuna ofanana, kuthetsa mitala komanso ufulu wa amayi kuti aphunzire. Ndipotu Tsiku la Cartini ndi Tsiku la Akazi ku Indonesia. Chikondwererochi chimakondweretsedwa makamaka m'mabungwe a amayi, omwe Raden anamenyana zaka zoposa 100 zapitazo. Pa chikondwererochi, amayi amavala chovala chachi java - Kebay. Tsiku la Cartini ku Indonesia, pali mawonetsero, masemina ndi mpikisano.
2. October 1 ndi Tsiku la Chitetezo cha Panchasil (kapena Tsiku la Chiyero). Ndi chikondwerero cha kukumbukira kukumbukira chigamulo cha boma ku Indonesia.
3. October 5 - Tsiku la asilikali. Patsiku lachikondwerero cholemekeza gulu la asilikali m'dzikoli.
4. October 28 - Tsiku la Chikhalidwe cha Achinyamata ndi November 10 - Tsiku la Masewera. Ayeneranso kuyang'anitsitsa, ngakhale kuti maphwando a masiku ano ndi ochepa kwambiri.

Zikondwerero zachipembedzo

Gululi liri ndi maholide ambiri, chifukwa ku Indonesia, anthu ammudzi amavomereza pamodzi zipembedzo zitatu - Islam, Hinduism ndi Buddhism. Masiku a maholide achipembedzo amasintha chaka chilichonse, chifukwa amatsimikiziridwa ndi kalendala ya mwezi wa Hijra (Muslim) ndi Shaka (maholide achihindu a Buddhist). Chofunika kwambiri mu moyo wachipembedzo wa anthu ammudzi chimaonedwa kuti ndi:

1. Ramadan (Buluan Poissa) - kawirikawiri amakondwerera mu January-February. Ili ndilo tchuthi loyera lachisilamu, m'masiku a chikondwerero chomwe mwamsanga kudya mofulumira kumawoneka (ndiletsedwa ngakhale kusuta), ndipo tsiku logwira ntchito lachepetsedwa. Zoletsedwa zonse zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa alendo achi Muslim, ndipo ena onse ayenera kulemekeza miyambo ya kumidzi, kuvala modzichepetsa ndikukhala mwamtendere. Zikondweretse Ramadan mwezi wonse, masikuwo amasintha chaka chilichonse.
2. Tsiku la Kutonthoza (Niepi) ndi Tsiku la Chikumbutso cha Imfa ya Mneneri Isa akuchitikira mu March-April. Tsiku la Nyupi lamtendere limatsimikiziranso dzina lake. Panthawiyi pazilumba za Indonesian padzakhala bata, anthu sagwira ntchito komanso sasangalala. Ndege ndi misewu zimatsekedwa (ambulansi okha, apolisi ndi ntchito yamoto), alendo akufunsidwa kuti asachoke hoteloyo ndi kusasambira m'nyanja. Anthu okhalamo pa tsiku la Nyepi asachoke panyumbamo, musawononge moto ndikukhala tsiku lamtendere ndi bata, kusinkhasinkha ndi kuthamangitsa mizimu yoyipa pachilumbacho.
3. Chaka Chatsopano cha Muslim (Muharram) - kawirikawiri amagwa pa April-May. Ino ndi nthawi ya Lenthe, ntchito zabwino ndi pemphero lopambana. Okhulupirira amathamanga, amapita kumisonkhano ndikumvetsera maulaliki okhudza mneneri Muhammad, olemera omwe amakhala nzika amathandiza osauka powapatsa mphatso ndi chakudya. Zimakhulupiliranso kuti Muharram ndiwotheka kuukwati, kugula kwakukulu, kugwirizanitsa ndi kuthetsa mikangano ndi mikangano. M'misewu ya mizinda, zikondwerero za phwando zimachitika, momwe aliyense angathe kutenga mbali.
4. Kukwera kwa chikondwerero cha Isa ndi Idul Adha - masiku onsewa akukondedwa mu April-May. Pa holide ya Muslim ya Idul-Adha, kupereka nsembe ndi kugawa nyama kwa anthu osauka kumachitika. Mitembo ya zinyama imagulidwa tsiku lomwelo, iwo amayeretsedwa mumasikiti ndipo atatha kukonzekera chakudya kuchokera kwa iwo.
5. Tsiku lobadwa la Buddha (Vesak) limakondwerera mu May. Ili ndi tsiku lapadera kwa Achibuddha ku Indonesia, omwe amapemphera, kusinkhasinkha, kukayendera malo opatulika, kugawa chakudya ndi chikondi kwa anthu osowa. Malo oyendayenda oyendayenda ku Vesak ndi stupa komanso makoma a Borobudur. Nthaŵi yomweyo pakati pausiku, padzakhala tsiku lotsiriza la tchuthili ndi kuyatsa kwa makandulo ndi kuyambika kwa nyali zamapepala kumwamba.
6. Tsiku lobadwa la Mtumiki Muhammad - akukondedwa mu Julayi. Pa tsiku lino, okhulupilira amawerenga Korani, mavesi ndi mapemphero, kupanga nyimbo.
7. Isra Miraj Nabi Mahammed (Kukwera kwa Mtumiki Muhammad) - adakondwerera mu December.

Zikondwerero ndi Maholide Ena ku Indonesia

Gululi likuphatikizapo zochitika zotere:

1. Phwando la Mwezi Wonse. Zimachitika pazilumba zosiyana nthawi ya mwezi wathunthu komanso nyengo yabwino (osati nyengo yamvula). Pa tsiku lino anthu amabwera kuchisichisi zovala zoyera, ndipo pamapiko awo amamanga nsapato zokongola. Amamveka mabelu, amayimba nyimbo, Ababuddha amapemphera, amasuta fodya. Zonse zimaphatidwa ndi madzi ngati chizindikiro cha dalitso, zimapereka zipatso ndi madengu ophika ndi mpunga wophika.
2. Sitima Yamapiri ku Indonesia. Dzina lake limamasuliridwa ngati "usiku wa kusakhulupirika". Phwando la Ponto likuchitika kasanu pachaka pa phiri loyera pachilumba cha Java . Malingana ndi miyambo ya m'deralo, iwo amene akulakalaka kupeza chisangalalo ndi mwayi amayenera kukhala pamodzi ndi wokondedwa yemwe si wachibale, omwe sankamudziwa kale. Kuchita nawo mwambowu kungakhale okwatirana komanso osakwatira.
3. Galungan ndi phwando la makolo. Pulogalamuyi imakhudzana ndi kupembedza mizimu ndipo imawoneka ngati Halloween. Ana mu maski amapita kunyumba zawo, kusewera ndi kuimba nyimbo, zomwe amalandira zotsitsimutso ndi mphoto za ndalama. Mphatsoyi ikuimira kukumbukira makolo. Galungan amadutsa masiku 210 ndipo ndi Lachitatu.
4. Chikondwerero cha akufa ku Indonesia (mwinamwake amatchedwa Manene Festival). Mwambo wapadera kwambiri ulipo pakati pa anthu a Toraja, omwe amakhala pachilumba cha Sulawesi . Chowonadi chiri chakuti maliro ali pano - chochitikacho ndi okwera mtengo kwambiri, ndipo chimapulumutsidwa kwa miyezi ingapo komanso zaka. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri akufa amangokhala m'malo osankhidwa ndi kuyembekezera kuikidwa mmanda. Pa mwambo, toraja amatenga mimba ya achibale awo omwe amafa ndi kuwawotha, ndiyeno kuvala zovala zatsopano. Kumayambiriro kwa maliro, ng'ombe ndi njuchi zimaphedwa ndipo pakhomo la nyumbayo amakongoletsedwa ndi nyanga zake. Kumapeto kwa mwambo, matupi aikidwa m'phanga mumwala.
5. Phwando la Kisses. Amatchedwanso Omed-Omedan. Ali mu msonkhano mu malo akuluakulu, okongoletsedwa okongola okwatirana omwe amapsompsona, akuyitanitsa chimwemwe ndi mwayi mu chaka chomwe chikubwera, pamene ena amayesa kuwapeza ndikutsanulira madzi.
6. Phwando la ma baluni. Amachitika m'mawa kwambiri ku Penang. Kuti mukakhale nawo paulendo woyendetsa ndege, ndi bwino kupita kutchuthi ndikumadzulo. Madzulo pa phwando mukhoza kuona moto ndi laser show.
7. Chikondwerero pa chilumba cha Sentani. Chikondwerero chachikhalidwe chomwe chimayambira alendo ku chikhalidwe cha mapiri akummawa a Indonesia. Idutsa pakati pa June. Pa chikondwererochi, mukhoza kuyang'ana masewera ndi maulendo, mawonetsero ndi mpikisano, masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi kuvina "isilo", zomwe amachita mu boti. Pano pano ndikukonzekeretsani zokongoletsera zamanja ndi masewera a timagulu pamaboti.