Munthu amabadwa kuti awone dziko lonse. Masomphenya ndi mphatso yamtengo wapatali, yomwe timayendetsera bwino pa chilengedwe, kuphunzira kuphunzira zinthu zatsopano. Mwayi wokutiwonera ife mwayi waukulu wopezera mitundu yambiri ya chidziwitso. Folk nzeru akuti: "Ndi bwino kuona kamodzi ..."
Njira zowonetsera masomphenya
Kwa zaka zambiri, muyenera kuyesa maso anu mobwerezabwereza kuti muzindikire mosavuta zinthu za munthu aliyense kapena kuganizira "chithunzi" chowonekera. Mbali yaikulu ya anthu akuluakulu padziko lapansi akudwala mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matenda opatsirana. Ophthalmology yamakono ali ndi njira zambiri zogwiritsira ntchito momwe angakonzere masomphenya.
Opaleshoni ya maso
Imodzi mwa njira zoyamba zothetsera vuto la maso ndi ntchito ya keratectomy. Iye adatchuka kwambiri padziko lapansi chifukwa cha chitukuko cha sayansi cha SN. Fedorov. Diso la maso linakonzedwanso ndi zochitika zapamwamba pa cornea mothandizidwa ndi zipangizo zamakono zamagetsi. Panthawi imeneyo, njirayi inabweretsa zotsatira zabwino, koma inali ndi zofooka zazikulu monga mawonekedwe a postoperative.
Kuchitidwa opaleshoni yamakono, kuperekera kwapang'onopang'ono kwapakati pa intraocular kumachitika panthawi yapamwamba kwambiri yowonongeka, pamene kukonzedwa kwa laser kumaonedwa kuti si koyenera. Ngati wodwala atapezeka kuti ali ndi matenda akuluakulu a maso omwe amafunikira mankhwala aakulu, ndiye kuti opaleshoni imachitidwa pa cornea pogwiritsa ntchito kuika.
Masomphenya a laser amawongolera
Njira imeneyi ndi yopambana kwambiri komanso yothandiza pantchito ya ophthalmology. Zimakupatsani inu kusintha mawonekedwe a cornea wodwalayo ndi mtundu uliwonse wa zizindikiro zozizira, pogwiritsa ntchito laser eximer. Chofunika kwambiri mwa njirayi ndi kulondola, kudalirika ndi kuyenerera. Mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito njirayi ndi yophweka:
- Khoma laser laser lasula mbali yakumtunda ya cornea, yopanga mtundu wonyezimira.
- Komanso, makulidwe a cornea palokha amasinthidwa kuti apititse patsogolo mphamvu yake yozizira.
- Gawo lotsiriza la opaleshoni limaphatikizapo kukhazikitsa koyamba koyamba pa malo oyambawo.
Pambuyo pokonzekera masomphenya ndi opaleshoni ya laser, wodwalayo akhoza kuyesa mwamsanga momwe iye akuchitira. Zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi, zimatha pafupifupi mphindi 20 ndipo sizikufunikiranso nthawi yowonzanso. Malo amasiku ano ophthalmological amagwiritsa ntchito mitundu yambiri ya opaleshoni yaser:
- PRK kapena keratectomy yojambula zithunzi;
- Malangizo a LASIK ndi mitundu yake yamakono.
Yambani kukonzekera masomphenya
Njira imeneyi ndi yabwino kwambiri kwa odwala omwe amatsutsana ndi opaleshoni. Amagwiritsa ntchito lens pogwiritsa ntchito luso loyang'ana maso, lomwe limapangidwa ndi zinthu zofewa. Makampani aakulu kwambiri omwe ali ndi dzina la dziko chaka chilichonse amapanga katundu wambirimbiri kuti athe kukonza malonda kwa myopia, hyperopia kapena astigmatism pamsika wogula.
Mungasankhe tsiku limodzi, kupuma kapena ma lens kwa kuvala kwa nthawi yaitali. Zinthu izi sizitha kungoona maso, koma zimathandizanso kutsogolera njira yamoyo. Iwo ndi ofooka (mpaka 1 mm) ndipo sangathe kudziona bwinobwino. Musati muphwanye ndipo musati muphwasuke monga mwa magalasi, ndipo yang'anani mosangalala. Malonda a contact amauzidwa kwa odwala pambuyo opaleshoni kuti athetse vutoli.
Kodi mungakonze bwanji masomphenya kunyumba?
Mwatsoka, majekeseni kapena magalasi sangathe kuchiza matenda a maso. Njirazi ndizochokera ku prostheses zomwe zimangothandiza kugwira ntchito mu thupi lofooka. Ngakhale opaleshoni ya laser sizimapereka zotsatira 100% nthawi zonse. Kubwezeretsedwa kwa masomphenya ndikofunikira kuti uchite pawekha, ndi khama lalikulu ndi ntchito. Kukhalitsa ndi chipiriro chokha ndizokhalitsa kuthetsa vuto la maso.
Chinthu chabwino kwambiri kuti masomphenya akukonzedwe kunyumba ndi kutsatira zakudya zomwe muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zomwe zimathandiza kusunga masomphenya anu, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana ndikuchita masewero apadera a maso. Kulimbirana ndi zizindikiro zolakwika zimayenera kuyambitsidwa mwamsanga - izi zidzakuthandizani kuchepetsa kukula kwa matendawa.
Kodi mungakonze bwanji masomphenya ndi myopia?
Munthu amene akudwala myopia sangathe kuona zinthu zomwe zili kutali kwambiri ndi iye. Mtundu uwu wamakono wochotsa chilakolako umakhala ndi zolemba zamtundu uliwonse zomwe zimapezeka ndi anthu omwe amadziwika nawo, ndipo zimakhudza anthu ambiri padziko lapansi. Pofuna kuchiza myopia, madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana. Kukonzekera bwino kwa matendawa ndi imodzi mwa njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri komanso zimagwiritsa ntchito magalasi, ma contact ndi orthokeratol.
Mothandizidwa ndi womaliza, masomphenya a usiku akuchitidwa, omwe ndi achilendo m'mayendedwe a ophthalmology. Mankhwalawa amatha kugwiritsa ntchito lenti lapadera usiku, zomwe wodwalayo amatenga atagona ndipo safuna magalasi a tsiku lotsatira. Chifukwa cha njira iyi, ndondomeko ya kusintha kwa myopia ikhoza kuimitsidwa.
Mmene mungakonzekerere pakuwona bwino?
Odwala omwe ali ndi matendawa amatha kusiyanitsa bwino zinthu, kuyambira pafupi ndi kutali. Hypermetropia ndi chifukwa chofala cha kuchepa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi zaka 45. Njira zothandizira matendawa sizisiyana ndi zomwe zafotokozedwa pamwambapa. Kusiyanitsa kuli kokha pozindikira cholinga chachikulu - kuthekera kusuntha fano la chinthu choyang'ana kuchokera kumalo kuseri kwa diso kupita ku retina. Zimakwaniritsidwa opaleshoni kapena osati opaleshoni. Komabe, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti maso pambuyo pa kuwongolera masomphenya amafunikira chisamaliro chapadera ndi maphunziro.
Kodi ndingakonze masomphenya anga ndi masewero?
Ali panyumba, mukhoza kuyesa kuwongolera maso anu pogwiritsa ntchito masewera apadera. Zimathandizira kuthetsa mavuto ndi kufulumizitsa ndondomeko yobwezeretsanso kukakamizidwa ndi malo okhala. Cholinga chachikulu cha maphunzirowa ndi "kutulutsa" minofu yofooka ya maso. Sizitenga nthawi yochuluka, koma ndizothandiza kwambiri. Gwiritsani ntchito masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse. Pambuyo pa kumapeto kwa ntchitoyi, sungani maso anu, ndikuwaphimba ndi manja ofunda.
Pano, ndizochita ziti zomwe zingathandize kuti masomphenya akhale opindulitsa akulimbikitsidwa ndi akatswiri:
- Pang'onopang'ono musunthire maso anu, kuwasamutsa, ndikutsitsa pansi.
- Sungani mutu wanu molunjika. Pa malo amenewa, sungani maso anu kumanzere ndi kumanja.
- Kwa pafupi mphindi imodzi, lolani maso anu mwachibadwa.
- "Dulani" malo osungirako, ndiyeno osasinthasintha asanu ndi atatu kapena aganizire kusindikiza pa koloko, "kuwerengera" maso anu ora lililonse mu bwalo.
Kodi n'zotheka kukonza masomphenya ndi magalasi?
Magalasi okonzekera masomphenya ndiwo njira yabwino komanso yotsika mtengo. Zowonjezera zothandizazi zimathandiza kuthetsa mitundu yonse ya zovuta za refracttive. Ntchito yake yayikulu ndikutanthauzira molondola chithunzichi pa retina ya diso. Ophthalmologists amalimbikitsa kuvala magalasi pamtundu wa myopia, hyperopia kapena astigmatism .
Kukonzekera kwa ocular kumatengedwa ngati njira yabwino kwa odwala omwe amatsutsana ndi mitundu yonse ya opaleshoni. Koma malonda a magalasi amasankhidwa ndi dokotala yekha, choncho popanda thandizo la ophthalmologist, pakali pano sichidzagwira ntchito. Kuwonjezera apo, chimodzi mwa zovuta za mtundu uwu wa kuwongolera masomphenya ndi mawonekedwe a m'deralo (kuchepetsa mbali mbali).