Kilimanjaro

• Malo: Kumwera kwa Tanzania
• Njira yamapiri: Chigwa cha East African rift
• Ridge kapena Massif: East African Plateau
• Maonekedwe a chiphalaphala: Stratovolcano
• Kutalika kwa msonkhano: 5895 m
• Kuyamba koyamba: 1889 (Hans Meyer, Ludwig Purscheller)

Kumbali ya kumpoto -kummawa kwa Tanzania , pamwamba pa phiri la Masai, ndilo malo apamwamba kwambiri ku Africa yense - Mount Kilimanjaro.

Kilimanjaro ndi stratovolcano yogona, yomwe ili ndi zigawo zambiri za teephra, lava lazira ndi phulusa. Malinga ndi asayansi, phiri la Kilimanjaro linapangidwa zaka zoposa miliyoni zapitazo, koma tsiku loyamba likutengedwa ndi May 11, 1848, pamene adawonekera koyamba ndi m'busa wa Germany Johannes Rebman.

Akatswiri a mbiri yakale sanalemberetu kuphulika kwa phiri la Kilimanjaro, koma, malingana ndi nthano za m'deralo, zidakali zaka pafupifupi 200 zapitazo. Malinga ndi zotsatira za kafukufuku wopangidwa m'chaka cha 2003, chiphalaphalacho chinapezeka mumphepete mwa mamita 400, koma sichimawopsa, misala zambiri zimayambitsidwa ndi mpweya umene ungapangitse kuti chiwonongeko cha phiri la Kilimanjaro chituluke.

Kufotokozera

Phiri la Kilimanjaro ku Tanzania liri ndi mapiri atatu: kumadzulo - Shira, omwe kutalika kwake ndi mamita 3,962 pamwamba pa nyanja; kum'mawa - Mavenzi (5149 m) ndi pakatikati - Kibo ndi chigwa cha Uhuru, chomwe chili pamwamba pa phiri Kilimanjaro ndi Africa yense - kutalika kwake ndi mamita 5895 pamwamba pa nyanja.

Pamwamba pa Kilimanjaro ili ndi chipale chofewa, chomwe chimawala dzuwa, makamaka, chifukwa chake phirili limatchedwa dzina: Kilimanjaro ndi phiri lokongola. Mafuko akale a mumzindawu ankakhala ndi chipale chofewa cha siliva, koma kwa nthawi yaitali sanayesetse kuti agonjetse msonkhanowu chifukwa choopa nthano zambiri zomwe zimagwirizananso ndi phiri la Kilimanjaro, koma tsiku lina mfumuyo inalamula asilikali ake olimba mtima kuti apite pamwamba pa Kilimanjaro ndi siliva. Taganizirani mmene anadabwa pamene "siliva" inayamba kusungunuka m'manja mwao! Kuyambira apo, phiri la Kilimanjaro adalandira dzina lina - "Malo a Mulungu wa Cold."

Chinthu chochititsa chidwi cha paphiri ndi kusintha kwa mitundu yonse ya nyengo ya padziko lapansi pamene mukukwera pamwamba - mudzayamba ulendo wanu wa nyengo yozizira komanso kutentha kwa mpweya wa masana + 30 ° C, ndipo mutsirizitsa ulendo wautali pamapiri a chipale chofewa a m'phiri kumene tsiku la kutentha kwa mpweya silingathe kufika +5 ° C , ndipo usiku umagwa pansi pa zero. Pitani pamwamba pa Kilimanjaro nthawi iliyonse ya chaka, koma nthawi zabwino kwambiri ndi nthawi kuyambira August mpaka Oktoba ndi kuyambira January mpaka March.

Kukula Kilimanjaro

Misewu yotchuka kwambiri yoyendayenda ku Kilimanjaro ndi njira zotsatirazi:

1. Njira ya Lemosho imayambira kumadzulo ndipo imadutsa m'dera la Arusha ndi malo a Shira. Nthawi yoyendayenda idzakhala masiku 8-9, njirayo imakhala yosavuta komanso imodzi mwa njira zosavuta kupita pamwamba pa Kilimanjaro, kuwonjezera, ndi imodzi mwa njira zodula kwambiri - mtengo wa ulendowu ukuyamba kuyambira pa 2 mpaka 7-10,000,000 pa munthu aliyense .
2. Machame - njira yachiwiri yotchuka, kuyambira kumwera-kumadzulo. Njirayo imatenga, monga lamulo, masiku asanu ndi atatu ndipo imadziwika ndi chiwerengero chabwino pamtunda wopita ku msonkhano wa Kilimanjaro, t. Chifukwa cha masiku okwanira komanso njira zabwino zoyendetsera misewuyo zimatanthawuza njira imodzi yosavuta. Zovuta zoyendera za ulendowu pamsewuwu zimayamba kuchokera pa madola 1500 US pa munthu aliyense.
3. Njira ya Marangou , kapena njira ya Coca-Cola . Njira yosavuta kwambiri, ndipo motero ndiyo yotchuka kwambiri yokwera kumtunda wa Uhuro. Ulendowu umatenga masiku asanu ndi asanu ndi asanu ndi limodzi (5-6), pamene mumakumana ndi malo ogona a mapiri atatu: nyumba ya Mandara, yomwe ili pamtunda wa mamita 2700 pamwamba pa nyanja, holo ya Horombo (mamita 3,700) ndi nyumba ya Kibo (4,700 m). Mtengo woyenera wa ulendo uwu ndi madola 1400 US pa munthu aliyense.
4. Njira Rongai . Iyi ndi njira yodziwika bwino yomwe imayambira kumpoto kwa Kilimanjaro, kuchokera mumzinda wa Loytokytok. Ulendowu umatha masiku asanu ndi asanu ndi asanu ndi limodzi (6), oyenerera anthu omwe sakhala akuzoloŵera makamu a anthu. Popeza njirayi si yotchuka kwambiri pakati pa alendo, ndizotheka kukumana ndi gulu la ziweto zakutchire ku Africa. Mtengo umayamba kuchokera pafupifupi madola 1700 US pa munthu aliyense.
5. Njira ya Umbwe . Njira yovuta kwambiri yomwe ili ndi malo otsetsereka komanso nkhalango yosadutsa, nthawi yoyendayenda ndi masiku asanu ndi asanu ndi asanu ndi limodzi (6), omwe mudzakhale ndi mwayi woyesera mphamvu ndi chipiriro chanu. Oyenerera anthu omwe ali ndi maphunziro apamwamba kuposa ammwambamwamba, omwe amazoloŵera kuti ayende ndikugwira ntchito m'gulu laling'ono, logwirizana. Mtengo wa msewu umayamba kuchokera pa $ 1550 US pa munthu aliyense.

Ulendo wokwera phiri la Kilimanjaro ukhoza kugulitsidwa ku tawuni yapafupi ya Moshi m'mabungwe oyendayenda. Zowonjezereka ndizoyenda ulendo wa masiku asanu ndi asanu ndi limodzi (5-6) - mwa njira iyi, ngati mukufuna ndikulipiritsa, simungathe kupita limodzi ndi am'deralo, komanso ndi maulendo olankhula Chingerezi. Mavuto oyendayenda amayenda kwambiri kuposa kulipira ndi zowonetserako zomwe zikuwonetsedwa: chisanu chosatha, ntchito yamapiri ndi kutulutsa phulusa ndi gasi, malo komanso malo otchuka 7 omwe ali pamwamba pa Kilimanjaro, komwe alendo amatsika ndi kuwuka. Njira yomwe mungasankhe imadalira mphamvu zanu zakuthupi ndi zachuma. Ponseponse pali wophika ndi oyang'anira nyumba, oyendayenda adzayenera kunyamula zokhazokha za moyo.

Kodi mungapeze bwanji?

Phiri la Kilimanjaro lili pafupi ndi tawuni ya Moshi, yomwe ingathe kuchitika motere: Kuchokera ku mzinda waukulu ku Tanzania, Dar es Salaam , pamtunda wa basi, mtunda wa pakati pa mizinda ndi 500-600 km. Mzinda muli mahoteli ambiri okongola, komwe simudzangopatsidwa chisangalalo cha usiku wokha, komanso mudzakonza ulendo woyenera, ndikulangizeni otsogolera odziwa zambiri.

Kwa oyendera palemba

1. Kuti mupite ku Mount Kilimanjaro mukufunikira pempho lapadera, lomwe lingapezeke mosavuta ku bungwe lirilonse la oyendayenda.
2. Tikukupemphani kuti mupange katemera woyenera musanayambe ku Kilimanjaro ku Africa.