Chess ndi imodzi mwa masewera akale komanso ofala kwambiri padziko lapansi. Chiwerengero chachikulu cha anthu padziko lonse lapansi chikusewera chess onse amateur ndi akatswiri. International Day of Chess yadzipereka kuti pakhale masewerawa.
Mbiri ya chess
Katswiri wamakono wotchedwa chess masiku ano amatchedwa Chaturanga wa ku India, omwe, malinga ndi akatswiri a mbiri yakale ndi archaeologists, anthu anayamba kusewera m'zaka za zana la 5 AD. Dzina la chess linachokera ku liwu lakale la ku Persia, lomwe limatanthauza "wolamulira wafa."
Patapita nthawi Chaturanga anasinthidwa, n'kusanduka masewera amakono ndi zithunzi zomwe zili m'mundawu, zopangidwa ndi maselo 64 a zoyera ndi azithunzi. Masewerawa akuphatikiza osewera awiri, omwe amalamulira zidutswa 16. Ziwerengero zonsezo zili ndi zizindikiro zawo poyendayenda, komanso zomwe zimayendera pamunda. Ntchito ya osewera ndi "kupha" (kusuntha komwe kumawononga chifaniziro) cha mfumu ya adani pamene akukhala yekha pa masewero. Uwu ndiwo malo otchedwa "wokwatiwa", ndi kusunthika komwe kumatsogolere ndipo kumangopseza mfumu nthawi yomweyo ndi "shah".
Kodi International Chess Day imakondwerera liti?
World Chess Day imakondweretsedwa mothandizidwa ndi International Chess Federation (FIDE) kuyambira mu 1966. Patsikuli limakondwerera pachaka pa July 20, ndipo zochitika zonse zomwe zikuchitika mwaulemu zimayesetsa kufalitsa masewerawa ndi kuwonekera kwake padziko lonse lapansi. Patsikuli m'mayiko ambiri muli masewera a chess m'magulu osiyanasiyana, mphotho zimapatsidwa masewera olimbitsa thupi, m'masukulu ndi magulu a masukulu ena owonjezera a masukulu amatsegulidwa ndipo zosangalatsa zambiri zokhudzana ndi masewerawa zimachokera pa masewera apamwamba kwambiri.