Beta-blockers - mndandanda wa mankhwala

Beta-blockers amatchedwa mankhwala omwe angathe kuletsa beta-adrenergic receptors pang'onopang'ono. Ndalama zimenezi zimaperekedwa nthawi zambiri pamene:

• thandizo la mtima wa arrhythmia;
• kufunika koletsa kutsekedwa kwapopopotolo ka myocardial ;
• mankhwala oopsa.

Kodi beta-adrenergic receptors ndi chiyani?

Beta-adrenergic receptors ndi mapulogalamu omwe amachititsa ma hormones adrenaline ndi noradrenaline ndipo amagawidwa m'magulu atatu:

1. β1 - amapezeka kwambiri mu mtima, ndipo ndi kukakamiza kwawo kumakhala kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu komanso nthawi zambiri zotsutsana za mtima, kuthamanga kwa magazi kumatuluka; Komanso β1-adrenergic receptors alipo mu impso ndipo amatumikira monga mapulogalamu a zipangizo zapafupi;
2. β2 - receptors, omwe amapezeka mu bronchioles ndipo amachititsa kuti awonjezeke ndi kuchotsedwa kwa bronchospasm; Komanso mapuloteniwa ali pamaselo opatsa mphamvu, ndipo mavitamini awo amachititsa kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda komanso kutulutsa shuga m'magazi;
3. β3 - malo omwe amawoneka bwino, motengera mahomoni amachititsa kuti mafuta ayambe kutulutsa, kutulutsa mphamvu ndi kutulutsa kutentha.

Kulemba ndi mndandanda wa mankhwala osokoneza bongo

Malingana ndi zomwe mapuloteni amathandizira ndi beta-blockers, zomwe zimawatchinjiriza, mankhwalawa amagawidwa m'magulu awiri.

Kusankha (cardioselective) beta-blockers

Zotsatira za mankhwalawa ndizosankha komanso zowonongeka kwa β1-adrenergic receptors (sizimakhudzanso β2-receptors), makamaka ndi zotsatira za mtima zomwe zimachitika:

• Kutsika mu mphamvu ya kutsutsana kwa mtima;
• kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa mtima;
• kuponderezedwa kwa kupititsa patsogolo kudzera mu chikhalidwe cha atrio-ventricular;
• kunachepetsanso kutaya mtima.

Gululi likuphatikizapo mankhwala awa:

• Atenolol (Athenoben, Prinorm, Hypoten, Tenolol, etc.);
• Bisoprolol (Concor, Bizomor, Coronale, Bisogamma, etc.);
• betaxolol (Glaoks, Kerlon, Lokren, Betoptik, etc.);
• metoprolol (Vazocardin, Betaloc, Corvitol, Logimax, etc.);
• Nebivolol (Binelol, Nebilet, Nebivator);
• talinolol (cordanum);
• esmolol (Breviblock).

Osasankha beta-blockers

Mankhwalawa amaletsa onse β1 ndi β2-adrenoreceptors, ali ndi antihypertensive, anti-angry, antiarrhymmic ndi stabilizing action. Mankhwalawa amachititsanso kuwonjezeka kwa mawu a bronchi, kamvekedwe ka arterioles, kamvekedwe ka chiberekero, ndi kukula kwa pakhosi.

Izi zikuphatikizapo mankhwala awa:

• propranolol (Anaprilin, Propamine, Noloten, Inderal, etc.);
• bopindolol (sandinorm);
• Levobunolol (Wistagen);
• nadolol (Korgard);
• Oxprenolol (Trazicor, Coretal);
• ovonol (Vistagan);
• pindolol (Vickin, Viscaldix);
• sotalol (Sotagexal, Sotalex).
• timolol (Okumed, Arutimol, Fotil, Glukomol, etc.).

Mabeta-blockers a mbadwo watsopano

Kukonzekera kwa chiwatsopano, chachitatu, chibadwidwe chimakhala ndi zina zowonjezera vasodilating chifukwa cha kubedwa kwa alpha-adrenergic receptors. Mndandanda wamakono a beta-blockers ndi awa:

• carvedilol (Acridilol, Vedicardol, Carvedigamma, Rekardium, etc.);
• celiprolol (Tselipres);
• bucindolol.

Kufotokozera mndandanda wa mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi tachycardia, tiyenera kuzindikira kuti pakali pano, mankhwala ogwira mtima omwe amathandiza kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mtima, ndi ndalama zochokera ku bisoprolol ndi propranolol.

Zotsutsana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito beta-blockers

Mfundo zotsutsana ndi mankhwalawa ndi:

• mphutsi yamoto;
• kuthamanga kwa magazi;
• matenda a kufooka kwa nthenda ya sinus;
• matenda;
• bongo;
• kusokonezeka kwa mtima ;
• atrioventricular block ya yachiwiri kapena yachitatu digiri.