Kutengera kwa hypersensitivity ya chilengedwe chokhumudwitsa poyamba kunapezedwa mu 1906. Pakadali pano, chifuwa chachikulu ndi matenda ambiri, ndipo anthu opitirira 85 peresenti ya anthu padziko lonse akudwala. Ngakhale kuti palibe mankhwala othandiza, izi zimangoteteza kubwerera kwake ngati wina akudziwa bwino zomwe zimayambitsa vutoli.
Kodi zovuta zimayamba bwanji?
Chofunika kwambiri pakuwonekera kwa zizindikiro za matendawa ndikutetezeka. Njira yothetsera vutoli ingagawidwe mu magawo awiri:
- Kupanga maofesi oteteza. Pamene chokwiya chimalowa m'thupi kwa nthawi yoyamba, chitetezo cha munthu yemwe amatha kudwala matendawa amadziwa ngakhale zinthu zopanda pake, monga ma antigen. Njira yotetezera imatulutsa immunoglobulins IgE - mapuloteni okonzedwa kuti athetse "owononga". Zimaphatikizapo maselo ambiri (mastocytes) ndi basophils, othandiza. "Mgwirizanowu" umayenda m'magazi ndipo amakhala mu ziwalo zosiyana (mphuno, mapapo, m'mimba, khungu ndi ena).
- Pathological reaction. Zomwe zimayambitsa chifuwa ndi kuyambitsa makina otetezera. Ngati thupi lidakumananso ndi zinthu zomwe zinayambitsa kupanga IgE, maselo akuluakulu ndi ma basophil amawonetsa chitetezo ichi, kuwonetsetsa mankhwala enaake - histamine. Zimayankha kuchitapo kanthu mwa mawonekedwe a zizindikiro zachipatala: kufalikira kwa ma capillaries, kuthamanga kwa minofu yosalala, kuphulika kwa magazi, edema ndi kutupa.
Zimayambitsa matenda
Kupangitsa kuti chitetezero cha anthu chitetezo chisamangidwe kungakhale chiwerengero chachikulu cha zinthu zakunja ndi zamkati. Ndizosatheka kukhazikitsa zifukwa zenizeni za vuto linalake, chifukwa pali mitundu yosiyana siyana, yomwe imapatsidwa mtundu wina wa mapuloteni a IgE. Nthawi zina munthu mmodzi amakhala ndi hyperensitivity kwa antigen angapo, ndipo zomwe zimawachitikira zimapezeka nthawi imodzi.
Mitundu yayikulu ya zowopsa kwa anthu akuluakulu:
- chakudya - chakudya chilichonse, nthawi zambiri mkaka, zipatso, nsomba, nyama, zipatso, mtedza;
- nyumba - fumbi, mafuta oyenga zinthu, choko;
- tizilombo - ntchentche, microclimis, tizirombo ta magazi ndi tizilombo tokoma, tizilombo;
- Epidermal - khungu la exfoliated la munthu, nthenga, ubweya, ntchentche, phula ndi chinyama cha nyama;
- fungal - nkhungu, yisiti;
- mungu wa zomera;
- helminthic - antigens a tizilombo toyambitsa matenda;
- mankhwala - njira zamagetsi.
Zowonjezera zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa:
- zotentha;
- zosangalatsa;
- matenda osokonezeka maganizo.
Kutentha kwa dzuwa - Zimayambitsa
Mtundu wotsutsawo umatchedwa photosensitization. Munthu aliyense ali ndi zovuta za dzuwa - ziphuphu, mawanga, kutupa, kunyepa kwa khungu ndi zizindikiro zina zingaphatikizepo ndi vuto lomwe lawonetsedwa. Ultraviolet ma radiation palokha sizowopsya. Chifukwa cha zowonongeka ndiko kukhalapo mu thupi la opanga photoreactive kapena photosensitizers - zinthu zapadera zomwe zimapangitsa kuti munthu asatengere chitetezo pogwiritsa ntchito dzuwa. Amapezeka kawirikawiri ndi anthu omwe ali ndi mtundu wa khungu la Celtic, amene amadwala matenda a Gunter ndi pellagra.
Nthawi zina zithunzi zamkati zimalowa m'thupi kuchokera kunja. Zili mu zinthu zotsatirazi:
- zodzoladzola zaukhondo;
- katundu wa pakhomo;
- kondwera;
- mankhwala okonzekera;
- zowonjezera zakudya;
- kupaka zojambula;
- kuyesa mankhwala.
Kutsekemera kwa amphaka - zifukwa
Zikatero, chitetezo chimadziwika ndi mapuloteni monga antigen. Amapezeka mu ubweya, mkodzo, saliva, khungu ndi nyansi za amphaka, choncho chiyanjano chilichonse ndi ziweto zimapangitsa kuti pang'onopang'ono chitetezo chiziyenda. Anthu makamaka omwe amanyengerera, chifuwa kwa zamoyo zamtundu uliwonse zimawoneka, odwala ena ali ndi hypersensitive kwa mitundu yeniyeni kapena munthu wina. Kawirikawiri matendawa amapitirira, ndipo munthu amene salola kuti azitha kuyanjana ndi amphaka, amayamba kufanana ndi agalu, akalulu, akavalo ndi nyama zina.
Chifuwa cha zakudya - zomwe zimayambitsa
Anthu ambiri amavutika ndi hypersensitivity kwa zakudya zina kapena zigawo zake. Matendawa amaonedwa kuti ndiwowona, koma ngati zizindikiro zake zimakhala ndi chitetezo cha mthupi komanso IgE, zimakhala zovuta kwambiri, pafupifupi 2 peresenti ya anthu padziko lapansi. Nthawi zina, kusagwirizana ndi chakudya chinachake kumapezeka.
Zimatsimikiziridwa kuti matenda omwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi chibadwa, koma zonse zomwe zimayambitsa zakudya zowonjezera sizinafotokozedwe. Chida chilichonse chingayambitse zizindikiro za hypersensitivity, zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri:
- mazira;
- mphukira;
- mkaka wa ng'ombe;
- tirigu;
- soya;
- mtedza;
- nsomba;
- zipatso za citrus;
- nyemba;
- nsomba;
- zipatso zofiira.
Zifukwa za mankhwala osokoneza bongo
Chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimapangitsa kuti thupi lanu lisamakhale ndi mphamvu yowonongeka ndi mankhwala omwe amadziwika ndi mankhwalawa ndi nthawi yaitali. Mankhwalawa amapezeka makamaka kwa ogwira ntchito zaumoyo omwe akhala ndi mbiri yakale. Gulu loopsya limaphatikizapo asamalonda, makamaka ngati akupanga nawo mankhwala. Zina zomwe zimayambitsa zovuta kwa mankhwala:
- kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala nthawi yayitali;
- umoyo;
- Kupititsa patsogolo kwa mitundu ina ya zovuta zowonongeka;
- matenda aakulu a fungal.
Mankhwala akuluakulu omwe ali pamlanduwu ndi awa:
- maantibayotiki;
- corticosteroid mahomoni;
- katemera;
- mafano;
- analgesics;
- seramu;
- mankhwala osakanikirana ndi otsekemera;
- anesthetics ndi ena.
Zifukwa za kupuma kwa mungu
Sizidziwika bwino chifukwa chake anthu ena amawoneka ndi mpweya komanso amachita maluwa. Pali chiphunzitso chakuti zifukwa zomwe zimayambitsa nyengo zowonongeka zimayambira ku chibadwa cha chibadwa. Mitengo yoopsa kwambiri ndi zomera zam'mimba ndi namsongole, zimamasula kutalika kwa zinyontho zomwe zimanyamula kutalika:
- timothy;
- chowawa;
- birch;
- ambrosia ;
- chowuni;
- tirigu;
- mabokosi;
- poplar;
- mtengo wa mandimu;
- phulusa;
- quinoa;
- nettle;
- plantain ndi ena.
Kutentha kwa fumbi - zimayambitsa
Wothandizira ma chitetezo cha chitetezo cha chitetezo cha mthupi amatanthauzidwa kuti amatanthauzira zowonongeka. Kuthamangitsidwa kwazomwe zimachitika pakakhala fumbi kumalo osungira kumabwera kuchokera ku kukhalapo kwa zigawo zotsatirazi mmenemo:
- matenda oopsa a anthu ndi nyama;
- spores wa bowa;
- ubweya;
- mapiritsi osakanikirana;
- mabakiteriya;
- mpweya;
- mavairasi;
- nsalu za nsalu;
- zimatuluka ndi ena.
Anthu ena amavutika ndi zizindikiro za matenda okhawo kuntchito. Zikatero, zomwe zimayambitsa chifuwa zimapezeka m'magulu a fumbi la "akatswiri":
- choko;
- chowonongeko cha nkhuni;
- ufa;
- simenti;
- zosakaniza zosakaniza;
- zigawo za khungu ndi ubweya wa ng'ombe;
- pepala ndi zigawo zofanana.
Kuzizira Kwambiri Kwambiri - Zimayambitsa
Kutentha kochepa palokha si antigen, ndi chinthu china chomwe chimalimbikitsa kutsegula makina otetezera. Sitikukhazikitsidwa chifukwa chake chitetezo chokwanira sichitha kuchitapo kanthu ndi chisanu, kuwonjezeka kwa chinyezi ndi mphepo. Pali zinthu zambiri zomwe zimaganiziridwa kuti zimakhala zozizira kwambiri , zomwe zimayambitsa izi:
- chithandizo;
- ziphuphu za khansa;
- matenda a tizilombo;
- mabakiteriya kutupa;
- lupus erythematosus;
- cholecystitis;
- chisokonezo;
- matenda;
- mitundu ina yotsutsana;
- helminthic invasions;
- dysbiosis;
- dermatitis ya atopic;
- matenda osokonekera ndi zina.
Zimayambitsa matenda a khungu
Pali njira zingapo zowonetsera chitetezo cha mthupi:
- urticaria;
- dermatitis;
- mphutsi;
- chisangalalo;
- edema.
Mtundu uliwonse wa zokopa ukhoza kukwiyitsa maonekedwe a mawanga, zilonda zam'madzi ndi ziphuphu. Zomwe zimayambitsa zowopsa pakhungu la nkhope, miyendo ndi thunthu:
- katundu wa pakhomo;
- zodzoladzola zaukhondo ndi zokongoletsera;
- malonda;
- mankhwala;
- fumbi;
- mtundu wa zomera;
- mapuloteni a nyama ndi ubweya;
- kuwala kwa ultraviolet;
- kondwera;
- kutentha kotsika;
- mphepo yozizira;
- kulumidwa ndi tizilombo;
- zovala.
Zimayambitsa matenda oopsa a rhinitis
Mphuno yothamanga, kuyabwa ndi kutupa kwa uchimo wamphongo, kutchetchera ndizo zizindikiro zokhudzana ndi matenda a mthupi. Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a rhinitis kwa anthu akuluakulu ndi nyumba komanso kumanga fumbi. Ngati matendawa ali ndi nyengo (kubwereranso kumapeto kwa nyengo ndi chilimwe), matendawa amatha kuyambitsa maluwa. Zina zotheka kuyambitsa zowopsya ndi rhinitis:
- yisiti bowa;
- nkhungu;
- mapiritsi osakanikirana;
- mapuloteni a ubweya ndi nyama;
- mankhwala;
- chakudya;
- ma particles ndi zinthu zofunikira kwambiri za tizilombo, makamaka ntchentche.
Zimayambitsa matenda a bronchitis
Mmene maonekedwe a chifuwa chowuma akuwonekera mu matendawa akuphatikizapo kukwiya kwa mapeto a mitsempha yomwe ili m'mapapu ndi bronchi. Izi zimayambitsa kufalikira kwa mitsempha ya mitsempha ndi mitsempha ya minofu yoyandikana, yomwe imayambitsa matenda a asthma. Zimatanthawuza matenda aakulu omwe amabwereza mobwerezabwereza. Ngakhale zinali zosatheka kukhazikitsa mankhwala othandiza omwe amachititsa kuti azichira.
Zifukwa za chifuwa cha asthmatic:
- mungu wa zomera ndi zitsamba;
- ma particles a ubweya, epidermis, zinyama;
- mapiritsi osakanikirana;
- fungi;
- chakudya;
- kusuta;
- banja, kumanga fumbi;
- mankhwala okonzekera;
- maselo a mavairasi ndi mabakiteriya;
- zoyeretsa;
- perfumery.
Allergic conjunctivitis - zimayambitsa
Chinthu china chosonyeza kuti matendawa akugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi kutupa kwa maso. Photophobia, kuyabwa ndi kudandaula ndi zifuwa zimakula mofulumira, zikuyenda mu purulent conjunctivitis. Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa:
- zodzoladzola zokongoletsa ndi zaukhondo;
- fumbi;
- maluwa;
- dzuwa;
- malonda;
- mphepo yozizira ndi chisanu;
- mkulu chinyezi;
- zigawo za khungu ndi zinyama zakutchire;
- ubweya;
- nthata;
- mankhwala;
- katundu wa pakhomo;
- kusuta;
- perfumery.
Psychological zimayambitsa matenda
Mankhwala ovomerezeka samatsimikizira mgwirizano pakati pa chikhalidwe cha munthu ndi chitetezo chake cha mthupi. Kuwopsa kwa matenda ndi maganizo pa anthu akuluakulu ndizodalira kwambiri malinga ndi maganizo a esotericists. Zimakhulupirira kuti kuyankhidwa kosayenera kwa chitetezo kumayesedwa ndi kukanidwa kwa munthu kapena vuto. Mwachitsanzo, pedant imatha kukhala ndi mavitamini okhudzana ndi fumbi, ndi vegan - ndi mapuloteni a nyama. Katswiri wodziwa bwino pazochitika zotero sadzatsimikizira kuti ali ndi matendawa, adzapezeka ndi "pseudoallergia".