Funso la momwe mungalowetse makoma a nyumba kuchokera kunja, mubwere pa sitepe ya kukakamiza pakhomo la nyumbayo kapena pomaliza kukonza kale. Pali zipangizo zambiri, zina zotchipa komanso zotsika mtengo, ena amafunika kuchuluka kwa ndalama.
Mitundu ya kusungunuka kwa nyumba kunja
Choyamba, tidzatha kudziwa mtundu wa zinthu zomwe mukufuna. Tidzawasankha malinga ndi zifukwa zingapo:
- phindu la kutentha kwa mavitamini oyenerera limakhudza mwachindunji makulidwe a kusanjikiza, zomwe zidzakwanira kupanga;
- Moyo wautumiki umakhudzidwa ndi coefficient (absorption index), mofulumira nkhaniyo idzakhala yosagwiritsidwa ntchito);
- kachulukidwe ndi kagulu ka moto kamakhudza kulemera kwa kapangidwe ndi chitetezo chake.
Kotero, molingana ndi zizindikiro izi, ife tidzasankha mtundu woyenera kwambiri wa kusungunula. Zida zonse zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito lerolino zimagawidwa m'magulu awiri.
- Kutentha kwachilengedwe.
- ubweya wamchere ndi umodzi mwa iwo. Zowonjezera zamakono chifukwa cha phokoso lawo-kutsekemera katundu, kutha kwawo kupuma. Minvata sotentha, koma pali kuthekera kwa maonekedwe a makoswe. Zimatenga chinyezi kwambiri ndipo pambuyo pake zimatayika mbali yabwino ya kutentha kwake, ndipo m'tsogolomu sudzauma konse;
- polystyrene mosiyana ndizing'ono kwambiri zimatenga chinyezi, koma sichikupuma. Musanayambe kutentha nyumba kuchokera panja ndi polystyrene, muyenera kuganizira mosamalitsa kuika kwa pulogalamuyo ndi kutulutsa mpweya wabwino;
- Mpweya wolimba kwambiri wa polystyrene, umapuma basi. Chowopsa chachikulu ndicho mphamvu yake yotentha ndi nthawi yomweyo kuti atulutse mpweya woipa;
- zinthu zamtengo wapatali kwambiri zimatengedwa kuti zimatchedwa zilonda zotentha. Zomwe zimaphatikizapo kusakaniza zikuphatikizapo thovu galasi mipira, zomwe zimakwaniritsa ntchito ya kutentha. Silikuwotcha komanso kutuluka maulendo, nthawizonse zimatheka kukonza malo owonongeka.
- ambiri amakhulupirira kuti kutentha nyumba kuchokera kunja kuli bwino kuposa zipangizo zachilengedwe, chifukwa ndizopanda thanzi labwino. Pankhani imeneyi, pulagi imagwirizana bwino. Salola kuoneka kwa nkhungu kapena bowa, koma ukuwotchera bwino. Chowonadi ndi mtengo wa zosangalatsa zoterozo ndizitali;
- Chomwe chimatchedwa cellulose cotton ubweya umapuma bwino ndipo amalephera mawonekedwe a bowa. Ndikoyenera kukumbukira kuti nkhaniyi imatenga bwino chinyezi, choncho pamene kutenthetsa nyumbayo iyenera kukhala yotsekedwa kwathunthu ndi kusungunula;
- mphukira ndi udzu ndizomwe zimapangidwira zachilengedwe. Zipangizo zonsezi zimapuma bwino, koma zimawotcha ndi kuyamwa chinyezi.
Kodi mungalowetse bwanji nyumbayo kunja?
Pambuyo polemba zinthu zowonongeka, mukhoza kupita ku funso la njira yokhala khoma. Sungani kunja monga nyumba ya njerwa, ndi kalipentala, mukhoza mu njira zitatu. Yoyamba ndi yachikhalidwe kwambiri: izi ndizowonjezera zitatu zazitsulo, zowonjezera ndi zophimba. Kuti muchite izi, choyamba chotsani mbiriyi kumakoma a nyumbayi. Kenaka kutsekedwa kwasungidwe kumaikidwa mmenemo (kawirikawiri amagwiritsa ntchito ubweya wa mchere, ecowool, ubweya wa mwala). Kenaka zonsezi zimagwirizanitsidwa, motero zimateteza kusanjikiza kwazomwe zimayambitsa nyengo. Chomera chimakhala ndi mpweya wa masentimita awiri pakati pa zowonjezera ndi kupaka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchotsa mpweya ndi chinyezi.
Pofuna kubisa nyumba ya njerwa kuchokera panja, chitsime chimagwiritsidwa ntchito, chifukwa ichi ndi njira yodalirika kwambiri. Pachifukwa ichi, extruded polystyrene foam, dothi lowonjezera kapena zinthu zina zomwe sizikutenga chinyontho.
Wopanga zamapono masiku ano, chonyowa chofewa ndi choyenera kwa njerwa, konkire ndi mipanda. Kuchokera kutentha kumagwiritsa ntchito ubweya wa thonje, udzu wokhala ndi hemp, khola kapena wouma. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pakhomopo ndipo pulasitiki imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchokera pamwamba.
Ambiri lerolino amasankha kuchotsa nyumbayo panja ndi kutseka, chifukwa ichi ndichapa mtengo komanso chodalirika. Monga chingwe, chithovu, ubweya, zotulutsa poizoni za polystyrene zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Pofuna kuika nyumbayo kunja, mosamala mwatcheru mungasankhe pulasitiki, chifukwa cha khalidwe lake lidalira moyo wautumiki.